Kutambasula polystyrene
Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potchingira khoma ndi denga. Pakutentha kwa polystyrene, zinthu zakupha zimatulutsidwa, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito kutchinjiriza kwakunja.
Polyfoam amadziwika kuti ndiwowopsa pamoto. Ngati kuyika sikunapangidwe molondola, ndiye kuti kuwopsa kwa kusungika kwa chinyezi komanso mawonekedwe a bowa amakula.
Onani zolakwika zomwe zimakonda kwambiri posankha mapepala azithunzi.
Zowuma
Plasterboard iyenera kugulidwa pamtengo wapamwamba kwambiri, chifukwa ikalengedwa, gypsum yoyengedwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito, matekinoloje onse amatsatiridwa pakupanga ndipo alibe vuto logwiritsa ntchito malo okhala.
Mukasankha zopanga zotsika mtengo kuchokera kwa opanga odziwika pang'ono, mumayika thanzi lanu pachiwopsezo. Pogwiritsa ntchito zowuma zotsika mtengo, zonyansa zingapo zoyipa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Makhalidwe opangidwa ndi zinthu zoterewa amakhala osakhalitsa.
Konkire
Zikuwoneka kuti konkriti ili m'nyumba iliyonse ndipo imawonedwa ngati yotetezeka, koma izi zimatengera mtundu wake. Ngati mukufuna kugula nyumba munyumba yatsopano, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge chida chapadera chomwe chiziyeza kuchuluka kwa cheza ndi magetsi amagetsi.
Miyala yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga konkriti imatha kukhala yowonongeka, ndipo zitsulo zimasonkhanitsa mafunde amagetsi.
Omanga osayenerera samayang'ana mtundu wa zida zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga, anthu ambiri amasamukira kuzipinda zatsopano zokhala ndi ma radioactive.
Slate
Ndiwo denga lofala kwambiri komanso lotsika mtengo. Zapangidwa kuchokera ku ulusi woponderezedwa wa asbestosi. Zinthuzo zimakhala m'magawo ang'onoang'ono omwe amasokoneza mapapu.
Asibesitosi amawonongeka mwachangu kwambiri mukawotha moto. Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito slate pomanga, pewani malo omwe kutentha kwakukulu ndikotheka. Pojambula pamwamba pa mapepala, zovuta zitha kuchepetsedwa.
Onani zitsanzo zambiri za nyumba zamakontena.
Utoto ndi mavanishi
Utoto, mavanishi ndi zokutira zina ndi zina mwazida zowopsa kwambiri chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito PVC, toluene ndi xylene. Zinthu zowopsa zimakhumudwitsa nembanemba ndipo zimayambitsa vuto linalake.
Utoto wopangidwa ndi madzi ndiotetezeka kwambiri. Mukamamanga, ndibwino kusankha zida zomwe zili ndi ziphaso zabwino.
Ubweya wa mchere
Minvata amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kutchinjiriza. Komabe, izi sizimangovulaza kupuma kokha, komanso khungu. Mukamagwira nawo ntchito, ndikofunikira kuvala zida zapadera, ndipo pomanga ndikofunikira kudzipatula kapena kuphimba ndi zinthu zina.
Sikoyenera kubowola magawano ndi makoma omwe adayikidwa ndi ubweya wamaminera, chifukwa tinthu tomwe timavulaza timakhazikika mlengalenga.
Zosakaniza zowuma
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa nyumbayi ndikuphatikizidwa pakupanga zida zomaliza (pulasitala, etc.). Kutengera zikhalidwe ndi zofunikira pakupanga, zotere siziyenera kukhala ndi zodetsa zoyipa. Koma izi siziletsa opanga osayeruzika kuphwanya zikhalidwe zawo, makamaka popeza zosakaniza ndizosavuta kupanga.
Chifukwa chake, gulani zosakaniza kuchokera kwa opanga odalirika komanso odalirika. Ndipo musaiwale kuyang'anitsitsa satifiketi yabwino kuti muzitsatira GOST.
Zamgululi PVC
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zotambalala, mapaipi oyikira mapaipi, mafelemu azenera la pulasitiki ndi zinthu zingapo zokongoletsera (monga mapangidwe, matabwa, ndi zina zambiri). Kusagwirizana ndi matekinoloje opanga ndi zinthu zosavomerezeka zitha kukhala zowononga thanzi pakatentha kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, musagwiritse ntchito zinthu pafupi ndi malo otentha kwambiri ndipo mukufuna satifiketi yabwino.
Zamadzimadzi
Mtundu wowopsa kwambiri wa linoleum wopangidwa ndi polyvinyl chloride, umakhalabe ndi fungo losasangalatsa. Popanga kwake, amagwiritsira ntchito utomoni wopanga, womwe umatulutsa benzene ndi phthalate mlengalenga, zomwe zimasokoneza thanzi.
Ngati mukufunabe linoleum m'chipindacho, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kusankha mitundu kuchokera ku nsalu za jute kapena tchipisi chamatabwa, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe. Mtengo wa linoleum wotere udzakhala wokwera kwambiri ndipo muyenera kutembenukira kwa akatswiri kuti adzawaike.
Zithunzi zojambula
Chosavuta chachikulu cha pepala la vinyl ndi bandwidth yake yoyipa. Mitundu yonse ya bowa wa tizilombo imatha kumera pansi pawo. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuyika pazipinda zogona ndi nazale.
Zithunzi zamapepala ndi njira ina yabwino. Zachidziwikire, sizili ngati ukadaulo, koma zotsika mtengo komanso zotetezeka kuumoyo.
Fikani posankha zinthu zomangira mosamala ndipo musakhale ochepa kugula. Zipangizo zotsika mtengo sizimapereka ntchito yayitali ndikutsatira miyezo ndi ukadaulo wonse pakupanga. Njira yabwino ndikuwunika satifiketi yoyenera pazinthu zomangira zomwe zagulidwa.
