Zokongoletsa nyumba ndikutsanzira matabwa: mkati ndi kunja

Zambiri zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba zogona, zomangamanga poyamba zimawoneka zosawoneka bwino, makoma omangidwa amafunikira zowonjezera zowonjezera. Zodzikongoletsera zazing'onoting'ono zitha kufunikirabe ngati zitayika, ndikupanga ming'alu. Imodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri zokutira ndi matabwa achilengedwe. Ndi chithandizo chake, mutha kuchita osati zakunja zokha, komanso zokongoletsera zamkati mwanyumba motsanzira matabwa, clapboard, block house.

Kumaliza zinthu

Wood ndi chinthu chosunthika chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga kwazaka zambiri. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino komanso zabwino zingapo, matabwa sataya kufunika kwake. Mitengo, matabwa ndi matabwa, zokutira ndi zokutira mapepala (fiberboard, chipboard, plywood, ndi zina zambiri) zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Nyumba zomangidwa ndi matabwa zimawoneka bwino, koma mtengo wa nyumbayo ndiokwera kwambiri. Pofuna kusunga ndalama zomangira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa omwe amatsanzira mitengo yazipilala ndi matabwa. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira njerwa, konkriti, zipilala, ngakhale makoma amitengo. Sizingokongoletsa m'munsi, komanso zithandizanso kutetezedwa kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Bolodi lakuthwa konsekonse lamatabwa, lomwe mbali yakunja limapangidwa pansi pamatabwa. Mapanelowa ndi ofanana ndi zokutira, koma ndizazikulu komanso zokulirapo. Makulidwe amasiyana pakati pa 160 mpaka 360 mm, m'lifupi - 100 - 200 mm, kutalika - 2000 - 6000 mm. Zopangidwa mwadongosolo zitha kukhala ndi magawo ena. Pofuna kulumikiza zinthuzo palimodzi, imagwiritsa ntchito njira yaminga, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi womaliza womaliza, wopanda ming'alu ndi zopindika.

Popanga zinthu zomalizidwa, ma conifers amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, monga spruce, paini, mkungudza, larch. Mitengo yowonongeka monga thundu, elm, mapulo, alder ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ukadaulo wopanga umakhala ndi magawo angapo: kuyanika koperewera, kucheka, kukonza ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo, kugaya pamwamba ndikupanga ma spikes ndi ma grooves, kupukuta, kusanja zinthu.

Kutsanzira matabwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa mkati ndi kunja kwa nyumba. Zovala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nyumba, magaraja, malo odyera, malo odyera, ndi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu kapena pagulu. Zinthuzo zimakulolani kuti mubise kwathunthu maziko osawoneka bwino. Potengera kapangidwe kake, mtanda womwe wakwezedwa uli ndi kuthekera kochititsa chidwi. Kukutira kumabweretsa chinyengo cha zomangamanga zamatabwa, sikuwoneka zoyipa kuposa zoyambirira.

Zokongoletsa kunja kwanyumba ndikutsanzira matabwa

Mutha kukongoletsa kunja kwa nyumba yanu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pogwira ntchito, zosakaniza zomanga nyumba kapena zomaliza zomaliza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukamasankha zopangira zoyenera kubisalira, choyambirira, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa ndi kufalikira kwa nthunzi yake. Zomaliza zakunja zimayenera kuyendetsa bwino kuposa zinthu zomangira pamakoma.

Ndi nkhuni zokha zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira. Uwu ndiye mtundu wokhawo wokutira womwe umachotsa chinyezi chowonjezera popanda mavuto. Chovala chotsika mtengo kwambiri chingapangidwe pogwiritsa ntchito bolodi lokhazikika, koma mtengo wabodza umakupatsani mwayi wopanga bwino. Itha kumeta paliponse. Vuto lalikulu limakhala pakuphatikiza ma batt kumbali kwa nyumbayo.

Pogwira ntchito, mkungudza, larch, thundu ndi phulusa zokha ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitundu imeneyi imatha kuwola kwambiri. Spruce, aspen, alder, linden, ndi mitundu ina yomwe ili ndi kuthekera kotsutsa zinthu ndi othandizira kuwononga sioyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumsewu.

Tiyenera kulingalira kuti makulidwe a lamella ayenera kukhala opitilira 25 mm, ndi m'lifupi - 150 mm, apo ayi zomangamanga sizingawoneke ngati matabwa achilengedwe, koma ngati kolimba muyezo, laminate.

Ubwino ndi zovuta

Mitengo yabodza imaposa mbali ina iliyonse potengera kukongoletsa, ngakhale kutsanzira kapangidwe ka mtengo. Choyamba, zinthuzo ndi matabwa achilengedwe. Kachiwiri, mawonekedwe ake akunja amafanana ndendende ndi kapangidwe kameneka. Komabe, mawonekedwe okongola ndikofunikira, koma osati mwayi wokha wokutira. Zina mwa zabwino zazikulu ndi izi:

• Ukhondo wa chilengedwe. Matabwa sakonda zachilengedwe. Silitulutsa zinthu zovulaza, ndizotetezeka mwamtheradi kwa anthu.
• Kuika kosavuta. Mutha kukhazikitsa mapanelo nokha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukhala ndi lingaliro la dongosolo la ntchito, kupezeka kwa maluso omanga ochepa.
• Mapepala olumikiza mulu. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa ma spikes ndi ma grooves, ma lamellas amalumikizana bwino, ndipo kudzera m'mayendedwe kumbuyo kwa mapanelo, mawonekedwe onse amakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira.
• Mtengo wotsika. Zomalizidwa sizotsika mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi turf yokumba, ndipo mtengo wowikirako wamitundu yonse yazotengera ndiwofanana.
• Zokongoletsa kwambiri. Chovala chomangidwa ndi zomangira chikuwoneka chodetsa, chodula komanso chabwino, ndipo ndi akatswiri okha omwe amatha kusiyanitsa ndi zomangamanga zenizeni.
• Ntchito yoteteza. Kuphimba kumateteza makoma ku nkhawa zamakina, kuwala kwa dzuwa, zochitika zachilengedwe.
• Moyo wautali. Ndi kuyika koyenera, kukonza kwakanthawi, zokutira zimatha nthawi yayitali.
• Kutentha kwamatenthedwe komanso kuchepetsa phokoso. Kukutira kumawonjezera kutentha komanso kutetezera mawu pazinthu zotsekerazo.
• Kulemera pang'ono. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kuphimba pafupifupi magawo aliwonse.

Monga chinthu china chilichonse, mtanda womwe wakwezedwawo ulibe zovuta zake. Zovuta zoyipa kwambiri ndi izi:

• Kutsika kwamoto pang'ono. Ma lamellas amayatsa mwachangu, ngakhale kusanja ndi nyimbo zapadera zomalizira sizimalola kuti izi zichitike.
• Kusamalira nthawi ndi nthawi. Ndikofunika kusintha utoto ndi varnish wosanjikiza pafupipafupi, pakadutsa zaka 2-3, perekani pamwamba ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo komanso njira zina zotetezera nkhuni ku mvula, kuwola, ndi tizirombo.
• Mtengo wa zowonjezera. Mosiyana ndi kutsanzira matabwa, mtengo wa zinthu zowonjezera (mwachitsanzo, ngodya zakunja kapena zamkati, zokongoletsa, mafelemu azenera) ndizokwera kwambiri.

Momwe mungasankhire zakuthupi

Magulu otsanzira matabwa amaperekedwa mosiyanasiyana pamsika. Amasiyana wina ndi mzake m'njira zambiri, momwe mtengo wazinthu umadalira. Kuti musunge ndalama, ndibwino kugula zolowera mwachindunji kuchokera kwa wopanga, koma izi sizotheka nthawi zonse, ndipo makampani ambiri nthawi zambiri amagulitsa magulu akulu okha azogulitsa.

Koyamba, sizivuta kusankha kutengera matabwa okongoletsera panja, koma sizili choncho. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zofunikira za zomangamanga, zomwe zingalolere kungopulumutsa ndalama pazogula, komanso kugula zinthu zabwino zomwe zidzapitilira chaka chimodzi. Ngati palibe akatswiri pantchito zomangamanga, muyenera kutsatira zina mwa malingaliro a akatswiri:

1. Poyamba, muyenera kusankha pakukula kwa bolodi. Chizindikiro ichi chikuyenera kufanana ndi magawo a bar yeniyeni, zimatengera mtundu ndi cholinga cha kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa chake, m'lifupi mwa gululi ndi: zomanga nyumba - 100 mm; nyumba nyumba - 120 - 150 mm; nyumba zomangidwa kwamuyaya chaka chonse - 200 mm. Ndibwino kuti musalumikizane ndi façade, ndiye kuti ma lamellas a 6000 mm ayenera kusankhidwa. Ngati kutalika kwa malonda sikokwanira, ndiye kuti ophatikizira amatha kuphimbidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zokongoletsera.
2. Gawo lotsatira ndikutenga miyeso. Ndikofunika kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa kapangidwe kake, kupatula zenera ndi zitseko. Pamaziko a izi, kuwerengetsa kwa chiwerengero cha mtengo wabodza kumapangidwa, ndi malire ochepa.
3. Kuti zokutira zizikhala kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kusankha mitundu yamitengo monga thundu, larch, phulusa. Simuyenera kusunga pogula zosankha zotsika mtengo, ndibwino kuti mulipire kamodzi ndikukhala ndi zotsatira zopitilira chaka chimodzi.
4. Zosiyanasiyana ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mbiri yonseyi imasankhidwa ndi makalasi: Zowonjezera, A, B, C. Yoyamba pamndandanda ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndiyosowa kwambiri pogulitsa. Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri ndi A, umadziwika ndi kusowa kwa zolakwika. Anthu ena amakonda njira yachitatu, monga ma specks ndi ming'alu zimapangitsa kumaliza kuyang'ana kwachilengedwe.
5. Chizindikiro chinyontho chimakhudza kuteteza mawonekedwe apachiyambi. Kupitilira 15% ya malowo akuwopseza ndikuti panthawiyi zinthu zomangidwazo zitha kupindika ndikuwongolera.
6. Kuwunika kowonekera kwa malonda kumafunika nthawi yomweyo musanagule. Pamaso pazogulitsazo ziyenera kukhala zosalala, zotsogola kapena zomangika, kuwonongeka kwamakina, kuwola, tizilombo sizovomerezeka. Zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi lilime-ndi-groove ziyenera kukhala zokwanira.
7. Gulu lonse liyenera kukhala ndi mthunzi wofanana.
8. Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa ndi zida ndi zinthu zokongoletsera, momwe mawonekedwe amtunduwo amatengera.

Magawo okhazikitsa kutsanzira kapamwamba panja

Ngati muli ndi luso logwira ntchito yokonza ndi zomangamanga, mutha kumaliza nokha nyumbayo. Chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira ukadaulo. Mitengo yabodza itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudula matabwa, konkriti, njerwa, thovu, mpweya, zipilala zazitali. Kukhazikitsa kwa zinthuzo kumachitika magawo angapo, monga:

• kukonzekera maziko;
• kulumikiza chotchinga cha nthunzi;
• kukhazikitsa kwa lathing;
• kuyika kutchinjiriza;
• zotsutsana ndi latisi;
• kukhazikitsa lamellas;
• chomaliza pamwamba chithandizo.

Mosasamala kanthu za zomangira zomwe nyumbayo yamangidwapo, kukonzekera kwa maziko kumachitika chimodzimodzi. Pulasitala amachotsedwa pamakoma, zotsalira zamatope (ngati zilipo) zimachotsedwa, zimatsukidwa ndi dothi ndi fumbi. Ngati ndi kotheka, mipata imatsekedwa, magawowo aphimbidwa ndi choyambira.

Zida zofunikira ndi zida

Kukhazikitsa ukadaulo kwamitundu yonse yazokongoletsa kuli pafupifupi kofanana, mtanda wabodza ndiwonso chimodzimodzi. Kusiyana kwakung'ono kuli pazida ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ndikuyika. Kuti mumalize ntchito muyenera:

• nyundo, mapuloteni;
• hacksaw zitsulo, macheka mtanda, zozungulira mphamvu macheka;
• pensulo, muyeso wamatepi, malo omanga, mulingo, ulusi wa nayiloni kapena mzere wowedza, chingwe chowongolera;
• screwdriver, mpeni wodula, ziphuphu;
• screwdriver, kubowola, chopukusira;
• matabwa, slats kapena mbiri yazitsulo zopangira ma battens ndi ma battens;
• chotchinga nthunzi, kutchinjiriza;
• kutsanzira matabwa, zinthu zothandizira ndi zokongoletsa;
• mankhwala antiseptic, varnishes, utoto;
• madola, misomali, zomangira, ndi zina zambiri.

Chotchinga Vapor

Eni ake ena, omwe adaganiza zodzitchinjiriza m'nyumba zawo, akufuna kusunga ndalama zachitetezo chamtengo wotsika, osamvetsetsa cholinga chake. Komabe, malinga ndi miyezo yovomerezeka, munthu sangachite popanda chotchinga cha nthunzi. Ma varnishi opangidwa ndi ma polima, ma roll kapena ma sheet otchinga amateteza kutchinjiriza kwa matenthedwe ndi zomanga kuchokera kumalo olowera nthunzi, ndipo chifukwa chake, kuchokera kumvula yamadzi ndi mayamwidwe.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chotchinga chotulutsa nthunzi kumachitika pambuyo pokonzekera maziko, kuchotsa zoipitsa padziko, chithandizo cha nkhuni, kupatsidwa mankhwala ndi antiseptics. Pogwira ntchito, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mastic yapadera, makanema okhala ndi zojambulidwa ndi aluminiyamu, nembanemba, mwachitsanzo, ma "Izospan", "Megaizol", ndi ena. Masikono adagudubuzika kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba, chinsalucho chimalumikizidwa ndi magawowa pogwiritsa ntchito ma slats amitengo, njira ina.

Kuyika makanema kapena nembanemba kumachitika ndikulumikizana. Kuboola, kudula, ndi kuwonongeka kwina kuyenera kusindikizidwa ndi tepi yokwera. Kukhazikika kwa chinsalu kukhoma kulibe kanthu, mukatha kuyikapo, mudzakanikizidwa motsutsana ndi crate. Malo ozizira chinyezi (mame) amaganiziridwanso. Mtundu ndi makulidwe a kutchinjiriza zimadalira gawo ili, pakakulirako, sipamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chosintha nthunzi kukhala madzi pazogawika.

Lathing

Ndizosatheka kumaliza nyumba ndi mtanda wabodza popanda kulanda. Chojambulacho chimagwira gawo lofunikira pakupanga konseko. Choyamba, amalola makoma akunja kuti agwirizane. Kachiwiri, zimapangitsa kuti zitha kuyika zotchingira pansi. Chachitatu, imakhala ndi mpweya wabwino, womwe umalepheretsa kupuma. Chachinayi, imagawira katunduyo mofanana pagawoli lonse.

Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zonyamula katundu ndi matabwa. Asanakonzekere, ziwalo zonse zamatabwa zimathandizidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo komanso zotsekemera pamoto. Ntchito yokhazikitsa imayambira ndikulemba. Pogwiritsa ntchito mulingo, chingwe chowongolera ndi ulusi wa nayiloni, zilembo zimayikidwa. Ngati khoma ndilosagwirizana, ndiye kuti muyike chimango, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mapadi kapena zokumbira kuti mbali zakunja za battens zikhale ndege imodzi yoyimirira.

Kuti mudziwe kutalika kwa matabwa omwe anyamulidwa kuchokera pansi, m'pofunika kupeza malo otulutsidwa kwambiri kapena apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, akhale ngati gawo limodzi. Choyambirira, zida zomangika kwambiri zimayikidwa, mtunda pakati pa mipiringidzo yotsalira imadalira kutalikirana kwake. Ma Dowels amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza bolodi ku konkriti, njerwa, cinder block, misomali ndi zomangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira matabwa.

Kukhazikitsa kutchinjiriza

Mitundu yayikulu yotchinga yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakakongoletsedwe kakhoma akunja ikukulitsidwa polystyrene, thovu la polystyrene, thovu la polyurethane, ubweya wamaminera, ecowool, ubweya wamagalasi, ndi ena. Mukamasankha mtundu wina wa zotchingira matenthedwe, zimayang'aniridwa ndi zina, zonse zopangira zotenthetsera ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga magawano. Makhalidwewa akuphatikizapo kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kutentha kwa mpweya.

Njira yotchingira molunjika zimatengera ndi zomangira zomwe makoma amangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, pazinyumba zomangidwa ndi matabwa, konkriti wothira mpweya, mpweya wosalala, zikuluzikulu za konkire zadothi zokulirapo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yopumira yopangira mchere. Kwa nyumba za njerwa, penoplex, polystyrene yotambasulidwa, yodziwika bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi matenthedwe, ndi yoyenera.

Njira yolumikizira imadalira mtundu wazinthu zoteteza kutentha. Zosankha zofewa zimakhazikika m'kabokosi, pakati pazinthu zothandizira, mtunda pakati pake womwe umafanana ndi m'lifupi mwake. Kuphatikiza apo yolumikizidwa ndi misomali. Chithovu chimakanirira kumata. Komabe, zomatira sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pazokha; pofuna kukonza zodalirika, maambulera a ambulera amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Kakhungu kamadzi

Kutengera kutentha kwa nthunzi pakhomalo, chotchinga choyamba cha mpweya chimatha kupezeka (nthunzi-chololedwa) kapena kulibe (chotulutsa mpweya) pakeke yonse ya mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Kakhungu kakang'ono kamene kamagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse kamagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imaikidwa nthawi yomweyo kutchinjiriza, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito kutulutsa mame kunja kwa malo otenthetsera kutentha mu mphako wa mpweya, kuchokera komwe condensate imachotsedwa mwachilengedwe.

Kanema wotetezera chinyezi samachotsa nthunzi kokha, komanso amateteza kutchinjiriza ku chinyezi cha mumsewu. Ntchito, mungagwiritse ntchito Izospan A, zipangizo zina ndi ofanana katundu. Zitsulozo zimayamba kulumikizidwa pansi, ndikuziyika mopingasa. Gawo lililonse lotsatira limakutidwa, ndiye kuti, limatseka pamwamba pake ndi gawo lakumunsi.

Ndikofunika kugwira ntchito mosamala kwambiri.Ndizosatheka kupindulira chinsalu kuti tipewe zophulika komanso kuwonongeka kwina. Kuthamangira ku lathing kumachitika ndi chakudya chambiri chogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale. Zilumikizazo zimamangirizidwa ndi tepi. Kuti mudziwe mbali yomwe mzerewo uyenera kulumikizidwa, muyenera kuwerenga malangizowo. Mphindi iyi ndiyofunika kwambiri, kuwongolera kochotsa chinyezi kumadalira.

Kauntala Grill

Gawo lotsatira mukayika zotchinga madzi ndikukhazikitsa cholembera. Kwa bungwe lake, matabwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makulidwe a 20 mpaka 50 mm, m'lifupi mwake 30 mpaka 50 mm. Kusankha kwamiyeso kumadalira khoma lonse, ndikulikulu, ndikukula matabwa. Gawo ndi kuwongolera kwa zinthuzi kumagwirizana kwathunthu ndi magawo ofanana am'mitengo, popeza ma slats adadzaza pamwamba pawo.

Grill ya counter imagwira ntchito zingapo zothandiza. Choyamba, chimalepheretsa kukhazikika kwa mtanda wabodza ku membrane wopambana. Kachiwiri, imakhala ndi mpweya wabwino, ndipo moyenera imathandizira kuchotsa chinyezi chowonjezera chomwe chimakhala pamwamba pa filimuyo. Chachitatu, imakhala ngati chowonjezera chowonjezera, chimapereka kutseka kokhazikika kwamadzi.

Omanga ena amanyalanyaza zikhalidwezo ndipo samayika crate yachiwiri, ponena kuti pali zotsekemera zapadera kumbuyo kwa zinthu zomalizira. Chifukwa chake, amaphwanya ukadaulo wopanga mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, womwe, chifukwa chake, umatha kubweretsa kupindika kwa zokutira zomaliza. Zingwe zomwe zilipo sizipereka mpweya wokwanira.

Cladding unsembe

Mukatha kusonkhanitsa chimango, kuyala nthunzi, kutentha, kumatira, kukhazikitsa kanyumba ka counter, mutha kupita kumapeto. Imachitidwa motere:

• Pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa ulusi kapena ulusi wa nayiloni pamwamba pamphepete kumtunda kwa tsinde, mzere wowongoka wolunjika umakhudzidwa mozungulira gawo lonselo.
• Pamlingo wodziwika, mzere woyamba wa slats wakhazikika, womwe umayikidwa ndi munga pansi. Pachifukwa ichi, bolodi limakhomeredwa, lokonzedwa m'mizere yonse kuchokera pamwamba ndi pansipa.
• Zigawo zachiwiri ndi zotsatirazi zimalowetsedwa ndi kakhosi mu poyambira papepala lakale, ndipo zomangira zimangokhala kumtunda kokha.
• Bolodi lokhazikitsidwa pamwamba nthawi zambiri silikhala lokwanira, chifukwa chake, kuti likhale lokwanira, limachotsedwa kutalika kwake.
• Ma slats amamangiriridwa pachitsulo cholumikizira ndi kampata kakang'ono kaukadaulo. Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe (kusintha kwa kutentha, kutentha kwa mpweya), nkhuni zitha kukulirakulira, ngati zingakhazikike, zimatha kutsogolera.

Njira zowonjezera gulu

Pali njira zitatu zokonzera slats ku crate: zomangira zamatabwa, misomali yapadera, zomata. Njira yoyamba imalola kukhazikitsa mwachangu. Komabe, ndi bwino kuganizira zofunikira za nkhuni. Kuti mizere isasweke mukakhazikitsa, m'pofunika kuboola dzenje lililonse, lomwe lifanane ndi kukula kwake.

Chosavuta chachikulu cha zikuluzikulu zokhazokha ndikukhazikika kwofanizira kwamatabwa ku crate. Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kapena kusintha kwa chinyezi kumapanikiza nkhuni, ndipo kusayenda koyenda kumatha kuwononga zinthuzo. Misomali ingathetse vutoli. Gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yapadera yolimbana ndi dzimbiri. Komabe, maluso ena amafunikira kuti agwire nawo ntchito.

Kleimers ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Sasiya zilembo pamwamba pa bolodi, zomwe zimayenera kuphimbidwa ndi putty kapena PVA guluu. Ma lamellas sanakhazikike. Komabe, ndalama zowonjezera zidzafunika kuti mugule. Kuyika mabraketi ndikosavuta. Kumbali imodzi, amagwira gawo, mbali inayo amakopeka ndi njanji yowongolera pafelemu.

Momwe mungakwere doko molondola

Kuyimitsidwa kwa zinthu kumatha kuchitika m'makona ndi kutalika kwake. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi njira zake zobisa. Pachiyambi, vutoli lingathetsedwe ndi njira zitatu:

1. Mbali zomwe zimalumikizana zamatabwa zimadulidwa kuchokera mkati mozungulira madigiri 45. Zitsulo ziwiri zikalumikizidwa, zimapanga ngodya yolondola. Kulumikizana koteroko kumawoneka koyera, osati kosangalatsa. Komabe, zoyenera ziyenera kukhala zangwiro. Izi zimafunikira kuwerengera molondola, luso lapamwamba, apo ayi mipata idzawonekera.
2. Mutha kutseka kulumikizana ndi kansalu kokongoletsera kokona, komwe kumagulidwa ndi zomalizira. Iyi ndiye njira yovomerezeka kwambiri.
3. Dulani matabwa awiri omwe anali ndi chilembo G.

Kuphatikizika kwakanthawi kwa zinthu kumatha kubisikanso pogwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu:

1. Njira yosavuta ndikulinganiza mapanelo olumikizana olumikizana. Izi zitheka pokhapokha ntchito yomangayo yachitika moyenera, ndipo palibe kusunthidwa kwa mizere kukhoma konseko. Pambuyo polemba utoto, malo olumikizirana ndi mapanelo amakhala osawoneka.
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chapadera chokongoletsera.
3. Anawona matabwa polumikizira pamtunda wa madigiri 45. Mosiyana ndi njira yomwe idaganizidwapo kale, pakadali pano ndikofunikira kuti lamella imodzi ipezeke pamzake, ndikupanga umodzi wonse, womwe umafunikanso kulunjika mwapadera.

Chithandizo chapamwamba ndi chisamaliro

Mavuto onse omwe amabwera ndi mtengowu amayamba chifukwa cha matabwa. Zina mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe zingayambitse kuwonekera kwa zolakwika ndi izi:

• bowa ndi nkhungu;
• tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
• cheza cha ultraviolet;
• chinyezi;
• nthunzi.

Mavuto omwe adatchulidwawa ndi ofanana ndi matabwa aliwonse, chifukwa chake, njira zothanirana nawo ndizofanana. Chinthu choyamba kuchita ndi kuchiza mapanelo ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo. Komabe, zinthu zatsopano pamsika nthawi zambiri zimakhala kale ndi chitetezo ichi, koma zokutira zowonjezerazo sizipweteka, chifukwa chake mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti nkhuni zidzatetezedwa ku zowola ndi tizilombo.

Patatha masiku khumi mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha tizilombo, mutha kuchiritsa ma lamella ndi zotsekemera zamoto, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo 2-3. Adzapereka chitetezo chamoto. Kenako zinthuzo ndizopangidwa mwanzeru, zomwe zimapulumutsa utoto ndi varnishi. Pamapeto pake, pamwamba pake pamavekedwa ndi varnish, sera kapena utoto m'magawo angapo. Ndikusankha koyenera kubisa, kukonzanso kwake kudzafunika m'zaka 3 - 6.

Kuphatikiza kwa matabwa ndi kumaliza kwina

Kumanga nyumba, monga kukonza, ndichinthu chovuta komanso chodula kwambiri chomwe chimafunikira njira yapadera. Mwini aliyense akufuna kupanga nyumba yake kukhala yapadera, pomwe akugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe zokha zomwe sizingawononge thanzi. Mitengo yachilengedwe yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ili ndi mikhalidwe yonseyi. Komabe, kukwaniritsa ntchitoyo payokha ndizovuta.

Makampani opanga nyumba amakhala akusintha nthawi zonse. Kutengera ndi matekinoloje anzeru, opanga amapangitsa malingaliro opanga kukhala amoyo. Amapanga zolumikizira pamodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe sizigwirizana pakuwona koyamba. Mwachitsanzo, zojambula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo opaka pulasitala, mu kalembedwe ka Art Nouveau, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazokhazikitsidwa imayikidwa pakhoma limodzi, lomwe limatsanzira njerwa, mwala, matabwa, ndikuchita zina.

Kukula kwake, nyumba iliyonse yokongoletsera yomwe mitundu iwiri kapena ingapo yazomangira imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nyumbazi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso olemekezeka. Amawoneka opindulitsa motsutsana ndi maziko azinthu zina. Komabe, kuphatikiza pamalingaliro osiyanasiyana amalingaliro, palinso zojambula zoyambirira zomwe zimakhala zomveka komanso zanzeru zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwazaka zambiri.

Kutsanzira matabwa ndi pulasitala

Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu zophatikizana pomanga nyumba zogona kunayamba zaka za m'ma 1400. Nyumba zomangidwa ndi theka zidamangidwa ku Eastern Europe ndi Scandinavia. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, abusa a ku Alpine, okhala m'dera lamapiri laling'ono, anamanga nyumba zawo za miyala ndi matabwa. M'mapiri a Alps ndi momwe munabadwira nyumba zokhala ngati mabedi. Kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu kuchokera kwa anzawo oyambilira ndi denga lawo lotsika komanso lotsetsereka.

Kukula bwino kwakumanga kwa nyumbazi kudayamba pazaka za 16-17. Nthawi yomweyo, kumaliza kwa chipinda choyamba kunapangidwa ndi miyala ya miyala, ndipo magawo apamwamba, omangidwa ndi matabwa akuluakulu a paini, sanatsalire. Mutaphunzira mbiriyakale, mutha kumvetsetsa komwe malingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito zida zomangira zosiyanasiyana adachokera. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nyumba zophatikizika ndi zophatikizika ndizosiyana kwambiri.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira pamakoma aliwonse. Ndipo ngati kale matope a laimu adagwiritsidwa ntchito kupaka pulasitala, tsopano pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba matabwa, njerwa, zipilala, konkriti wamagetsi, ndi ma partitions ena. Pali zosankha zingapo kuphatikiza. Chinsalu chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazipilala, kapena pansi, pamakona a nyumbayo, ndikukongoletsa malo onsewo ndi mtanda wonama.

Kutengera matabwa ndi miyala

Kusankha kwa zopangira zomangira nyumba yophatikizira ndikokulu kwambiri. Ngati chipinda choyamba chimamangidwa ndi miyala yoduka kapena yowopsya, ndiye kuti nkhope yake imatha kusiyanitsidwa konse. Komabe, ngati zomangazi sizikukwaniritsa zofuna zake, ndiye kuti njerwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunika kusiya thovu, popeza maziko olimba amafunikira kuti pakhale cholumikizira chodalirika. Konkire wokwera mkati ndi wosalimba.

Mitengo ndi mwala wachilengedwe zimayenda bwino. Eni ake a nyumba zosanjika ziwiri mothandizidwa ndi zomalizira azitha kupanga mawonekedwe achikale a nyumba yophatikizana. Kuti muchite izi, chipinda choyamba chimatha kuthimbidwa ndi matabwa, ndipo chachiwiri ndi mtanda wabodza. Nthawi yomweyo, zilibe kanthu kuti ndi zomangamanga ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga, kaya ndi matabwa, mpweya wosakanizika, konkire wokwera kapena monolith.

Nyumba zokhazokha ndizoyeneranso pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zonse zimatengera kapangidwe ka nyumbayo. Chifukwa chake, magawowo amatha kukumana ndi zomangamanga, komanso kutsogolo - ndi mtanda wonama. Pali zosankha pomwe kutsanzira kosiyanasiyana kumasinthasintha chimodzimodzi. Kusankha kwamtundu wina wamapangidwe kumatengera zofuna za eni nyumba.

Zokongoletsera mkati mwa nyumba ndikutsanzira matabwa

Matabwa abodza amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kukongoletsa kunja kwa nyumba za anthu ndi nyumba zazing'ono. Izi ndichifukwa cha katundu ndi njira yolumikizira zinthuzo. Ili ndi mulifupi ndi makulidwe akulu; imafunikira crate kuti ikhazikike. Sikuti zimangochepetsa mawonekedwe amkati, koma zimangodya malo ogwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, kumaliza kotere sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa.

Zomangira zimapangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamatabwa, chifukwa chake zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zachilengedwe. Zimapangitsa chidwi kuti nyumbayi idamangidwa ndi matabwa olimba osalimba omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi, amachulukitsa chisangalalo komanso moyo wamtendere. Pali njira zingapo zokongoletsera malo ndi matabwa:

• Monolithic. Mothandizidwa ndi lamellas, dera lonse lamakoma kapena denga la chipinda laphimbidwa kwathunthu, komanso mwayi wosankha nkhope zonse.
• Kuphatikiza. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophimba. Gawoli limakutidwa pang'ono ndi matabwa, pamitengopo pamakhala miyala, mapepala, kupenta, magalasi, ndi zinthu zina.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Zokongoletsera zamkati zamatabwa zimapangitsa kuti nyumba ikhale yosalala. Nthawi yomweyo, sikofunikira kudula malo onse ndikutsanzira matabwa; nthawi zina, ndikwanira kupanga khoma lamalankhulidwe kapena kukongoletsa malo ena kuti apange chilumba chokongola cha moto. Ngakhale zovuta zina zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zovuta, nkhaniyo ndiyotchuka. Izi ndichifukwa cha zabwino zake, monga:

• mtanda wabodza umakupatsani mwayi wopanga mkati;
• chinthu chilichonse chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera;
• Mitengo imadziwika ndi nthunzi yabwino, kutentha, kutchingira mawu;
• kutsanzira matabwa kumapangitsa ndikusunga chilengedwe chachilengedwe mchipinda;
• ma lamellas ndiotsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yogwiritsira ntchito zokutira;
• ndichopangira zinthu zachilengedwe;
• ndizosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi zinthuzo, kuyika kumatha kuchitika ndi dzanja;
• ndimomwe mungapangire malo athyathyathya, olinganiza makoma;
• ndi kukonza koyenera ndi chisamaliro, chovalacho chimatha nthawi yayitali;
• nkhuni ndi yoyenera mitundu yambiri.

Mitengo yamatabwa ilinso ndi zovuta zina:

• mapanelo amachepetsa malo ogwiritsika ntchito, chifukwa chake muzipinda zazing'ono mtundu wamapetowu uyenera kusiya;
• kufooka kukana moto, ngakhale ozimitsa moto samapulumutsa;
• coating kuyanika kumafuna kukonza kwakanthawi, kukonzanso kwa zoteteza.

Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zokongoletsera zamkati

Mkati mnyumba, matabwa sawonekera pazowononga chilengedwe, chifukwa chake zofunikira pazinthu zina za mankhwala zimachepetsedwa. Poterepa, mtanda wabodza uyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa kwambiri. Chonde dziwani kuti magawo ambiri sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati. Chizindikiro ichi chikuyenera kukhala pakati pa 100 mpaka 140 mm, makulidwe atha kukhala aliwonse, nthawi zambiri samapitilira 20 mm.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bolodi locheperako pakukongoletsa kwamkati kumachitika chifukwa chakuti imakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera denga, zimapangitsa chidwi kuti kapangidwe kake kamapangidwa kuchokera ku korona wa bar yolimba. Zowonjezera zazikulu zitha kuwononga chilichonse; m'chipinda chaching'ono, zokutira zimaphatikizika limodzi. Kuti mukongoletse makomawo, mutha kusankha mitundu yamitengo, yosiyana ndi kapangidwe kake, mtengo wake, komanso kukhala ndi katundu payekha.

Pine

Singano nthawi zonse zimakhala zofunikira pomanga. Uwu ndiye mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wotsanzira matabwa, popeza mtengo wake ndiwochepa poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Pine imafunikira kwambiri kuposa spruce, yomwe ili ndi mfundo zambiri. Chosavuta chachikulu ndi utomoni wambiri, motero sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mapanelo a coniferous muzipinda zotentha kwambiri. Oyenera makonde olimbira, khitchini, zipinda.

Mitengo ndi yolimba, yofewa komanso yopepuka. Pambuyo kuyanika, sikumapindika. Mtundu wa sapwood umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi utoto wachikaso mpaka utoto wofiyira, maso - kuchokera ku pinki mpaka kufiira kofiirira. Zomangamanga zimakhala zachikaso, zomwe zimawoneka patapita nthawi. Ngakhale zili ndi utomoni wambiri wachilengedwe, nkhuni zimakonda kuwola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino.

Mkungudza

Wood ndi imodzi mwamitengo yotsika mtengo kwambiri. Mapeto a mkungudza ndiotchuka kwambiri, anthu olemera amatha kutero. Izi ndichifukwa choti mtunduwo umangokhalako mwachilengedwe, munthu akangofika kumeneko, mitengoyo imazimiririka. Komabe, musasokoneze mkungudza weniweni ndi mkungudza waku Siberia, womwe ndi mtundu wapadera wa paini wokhala ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa.

Zinthu zotulutsidwa ndi matabwa zimakhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zinthuzo zimatsuka mpweya mchipinda nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito nazale ndi kuchipinda. Mtengo uli ndi mawonekedwe abwino omwe angawonjezere kuyambiranso mkati mwake. Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa kukonza, ma lamellas sapezeka pamalonda. Makampani ambiri amapanga matabwa abodza amkungudza kuti aziitanitsa.

Larch

Potengera mphamvu ndi kukana kuwola, mtunduwo umaposa mitundu yambiri yamitengo yambiri. Potengera mawonekedwe ake ndi mayankho osiyanasiyana, amafanana ndi thundu, koma ali ndi mtengo wotsika. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale, larch ya ku Siberia imagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi zambiri Kuril ndi European.Zosiyanitsa - kusalimba kwambiri, kukana zovuta zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chilengedwe.

Zinthuzo zimakuthandizani kuti mupange kapangidwe koyambirira, kamakupatsani mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso okwera mtengo. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa bafa, khitchini, loggia, khonde ndi malo ena. Kutsanzira matabwa ndi koyenera pantchito yakunja ndi panja. Wood imakhala ndi fungo linalake. Mtunduwu umalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opuma.

Mtengo

Mtengo umakhala wowoneka bwino komanso wokongola, koma ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Kernel imatha kukhala ndi mtundu wina - kuchokera ku bulauni wonyezimira mpaka wakuda. Zinthuzo zimadziwika ndi kulimba kwambiri, zimapinda bwino popanda kuphwanya ulusiwo. Chifukwa chakupezeka kwa ma tannins, imatha kuwola kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu yonse yazovuta.

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali kwambiri komanso yokwera mtengo yomalizira ndi oak oak. Pambuyo pokhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi, imapeza mphamvu yayikulu, mtundu wakuda. Monga larch, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja ndi mkati. Mitengo ndi yovuta kuyigwira. Uwu mwina ndi mtengo wabwino kwambiri womwe ungafanane ndi malo onse. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa chipinda chochezera, holo yolowera, khitchini, nazale, bafa, ofesi, ngakhale nyumba yosambiramo ndi sauna.

Mapulo ndi alder

Mtundu wachilengedwe wa alder umasiyanasiyana kuyambira utoto mpaka utoto wowirira, koma udulidwe umasintha mtunduwo kukhala wofiirira. Zinthuzo ndizodziwika ndi mphamvu zochepa, pakuuma zimayimitsa mitsuko. Ubwino wake waukulu umapezeka munyimbo zamatabwa. Ikuthandizani kuti mupange kutsanzira mahogany ndi ebony, imasiyanitsidwa ndi kusakhala kwa fungo, kukana kuyamwa kwa fungo lakunja.

Mapulo, monga alder, amapangidwira kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba mokha, chifukwa mitundu yonse iwiri imadziwika kuti ndiyotsika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzipinda zowuma momwe anthu amakhala chaka chonse. Mtengo umakhala ndi utoto wofiyira, womwe umakhala wachikaso kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Maonekedwewo ndi ofanana. Cheza woboola pakati mtima chimapereka chomalizidwa ku chithumwa chapadera.

Mungagwiritse ntchito zipinda ziti

Kutsanzira matabwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma ndi kudenga. Ndizinthu zamoyo zomwe zili ndi maubwino angapo. Zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga kumverera kwa nyumba yamatabwa mkati mwa chipinda chimodzi kapena zipinda zonse. Wood amalola kuti chovalacho chipume, mitundu ina nthawi zambiri imatsuka mpweya. Mothandizidwa ndi zokutira, mutha kupanga kapangidwe kapadera, kutsindika kalembedwe kena.

Matabwa abodza amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakapangidwe kazipinda zanyumba, madera akumidzi, nyumba zazing'ono. Ithandizira bwino kulowera, chipinda chochezera, chipinda chogona, nazale, ofesi. Mitundu ina itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubafa, khitchini, khonde, loggia. Mwambiri, zinthuzo ndizosunthika, zogwirizana ndi chipinda chilichonse. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kumaliza kumachepetsa komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Kukhitchini, pogwiritsa ntchito kutengera matabwa, mutha kudula makoma onse ndi thewera la kukhitchini, koma pakufunika kukonza matabwa ena. Mitundu yosiyana imatsindika kuuma kapena kutentha kwa malowa. Pabalaza, ndikokwanira kupanga kamvekedwe kamodzi, kapena kukonza malo enaake, mutha kuphimba magawo onse. Zonse zimatengera zokonda za eni, kalembedwe.

Mayendedwe amakongoletsedwe

Mitengo imapezeka paliponse; yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kale. Izi zimalemekezedwa mzikhalidwe zonse. Chifukwa chake, kumaliza kwa matabwa achilengedwe kumagwirizana ndi mtundu uliwonse wamkati, kuchokera kudziko lina kupita kukadaulo wapamwamba. Komabe, madera okhudzana kwambiri ndi eco, rustic, provence. Apa, khoma lamatabwa limatha kukhala mawu akulu mchipinda.

Mtengo wabodza udzawoneka bwino mkatikati. Mtundu wa mitundu yakale umaphatikizapo mithunzi itatu yayikulu: beige, kirimu, bulauni. Sikovuta kusankha magawo oyenera. Kuti apange mapangidwe aku Scandinavia, matabwa amayenera kupentedwa ndi utoto woyera. Kwa dziko ndi ethno mu kapangidwe ndi utoto, thundu limayenererana bwino, lomwe limadziwika bwino.

Mapanelo oyera ndi achikulire opangidwa ndi thundu, phulusa, paini ndioyenera mitundu ya rustic ndi mitundu ina. Kwa kalembedwe kakang'ono, ndikokwanira kukongoletsa kudenga kokha ndi lamellas kapena kukongoletsa dera linalake. Ndondomeko ya chalet ndi yoyenera kukhala mdziko. Zikopa za nyama ziyenera kukhalapo pansi ndi pamakoma. Maluso aukadaulo amatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa ngati chowonjezera.

Mitundu yamkati

Kusunga mawonekedwe achilengedwe ndi matabwa, pokonza mapanelo, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa impregnations, varnishes zopanda utoto, sera. Ndi bwino kukana utoto. Poterepa, mtundu wa bolodi umadalira mtundu wa nkhuni. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi yofiirira, yofiirira yofiirira, khofi. Palinso zachilendo, mwachitsanzo, buluu, zobiriwira, pinki. Kuti mumveke, ganizirani zina zomwe mungachite (mitundu - mitundu):

• thundu - kuchokera bulauni wonyezimira mpaka wakuda wakuda;
• beech - yoyera ndi utoto wachikaso;
• phulusa - kuchokera ku bulauni wakuda mpaka chikaso chowala;
• alder - bulauni-bulauni;
• mtedza - bulauni wonyezimira wakuda;
• paini - kuchokera pachikaso chachikaso mpaka chikaso chofiira;
• larch - kuchokera pachikasu chowala mpaka pabuka;
• yew - wachikasu woyera.

Momwe mungakonzere matabwa m'nyumba

Mitengo yamatabwa yamkati imasankhidwa pazifukwa zambiri. Choyambirira, ndichosavuta kuwononga chilengedwe, zinthu zachilengedwe, choyenera m'mbali zonse zamapangidwe amkati mwa nyumba zokhalamo. M'chipinda chotere mumakhala chisangalalo komanso mgwirizano ndi chilengedwe. Kuphatikiza pa zabwino zokongoletsa, kumaliza matabwa kumawonekera pakulimba kwake, kulimba kwake komanso kutchingira bwino mawu. Unsembe wa mapanelo matabwa n'zosavuta kuchita ndi dzanja.

Kutchinga ndi kutentha kwa nthunzi

Kanema wapadera amamangirizidwa kumtunda wokonzedweratu. Izi zidzateteza mapangidwe a chinyezi chamkati mwa kabokosi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito stapler ngati kuli kofunika kuyimangirira kumtengo wamatabwa, kapena crate yamatabwa ngati maziko ake ndi a konkriti kapena njerwa.

Zithunzi za filimuyo ziyenera kulumikizidwa ndikusindikizidwa ndi tepi. Izi zidzateteza kuphulika kwa nembanemba pakuyika ma battens ndi kutchinjiriza kwamatenthedwe.

Ngati palibe kutchinjiriza kwakunja kwa nyumbayo, ndikofunikira kuyika kutchinjiriza mkati. Kutchinga, mipukutu imayikidwa bwino pakati pazoyendetsa za crate. Ndikofunikira kupewa mapangidwe ndi mipata yolowera.

Kukhazikitsa kwa lathing

Pazitsulo zamatabwa, crate imapangidwa ndi mipiringidzo yokhala ndi mtanda wa 50 mm. Zipangizozo zouma bwino, zimathandizidwa ndi othandizira osiyanasiyana komanso ma antiseptics kuti achulukitse chinyezi. Pamakoma a konkriti kapena njerwa, crate imapangidwa ndi chitsulo.

Choyamba, maupangiriwo amangiriridwa mozungulira ndi sitepe ya 800 mm. Kenako zinthu zamakona ndizokwera. Kumalo omwe kuli mashelufu ndi zida zina zomwe zingapangitse nyumbayo kulemera, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimayikidwa. Kulumikizana kumakokedwa pakati pa crate ndi chitetezo chazitsulo.

Kukutira khoma

Kutchinjiriza kwamatenthedwe ndikakuyika lathing, mutha kuyamba kuyika mapanelo pansi pamatabwa. Ukadaulo umapereka kukhazikitsa momveka bwino malangizowo pang'onopang'ono:

• Gulu loyamba limakwera pamtunda wa 50 mm kuchokera pakona, ndiye mzere wonse umamangidwa.
• Matabwa aikidwa okha mozondoka ndi spikes.
• Kusiyana pakati pa mapanelo kuyenera kukhala 3 mm, poganizira kukula kwa matenthedwe.
• Ndikofunikira kuwongolera pafupipafupi mabala, makamaka mukakongoletsa mawindo, ngodya ndi mipata.
• Makulidwewo amakhala okwanira kuyambira pansi mpaka pamwamba.
• Pamene mapanelo akuluakulu aikidwa, pitirizani kukhazikitsa kusintha pakati pa ndege pogwiritsa ntchito matabwa othamanga.

Chithandizo chamnyumba ndi chisamaliro

Zinthu zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi zina zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera m'nyumba. Zinthu zoyipa ndizotengeka ndi kunyowetsa ndi kutupa, ku zotsatira za tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. N`zotheka kuti achotse mapindikidwe matabwa mtengo mothandizidwa ndi processing zonse njira yapadera.

Kulimbitsa

Varnishi zopangidwa ndimadzi ndizoyenera kukonza mapangidwe amtengo. Sizimveka fungo lililonse, zimauma msanga, zilibe zosungunulira. Zipangizo zothamangitsira pansi pamadzi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Mimbayi imabweza madzi ndipo imapereka chitetezo chodalirika ku kuwola.

Chifukwa cha kanema wonyezimira wowonekera, ma varnishi amakulolani kuti musunge mtundu wachilengedwe wa nkhuni. Kupatsa mphamvu zowonjezera, mankhwala a polyurethane amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mutha kuyika chovalachi ndi burashi kapena swab.

Kupaka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya utoto

Mbali yayikulu yachitetezo chotere ndi kuthekera kwa zosakaniza kuti zibise kwathunthu pamtengo ndikupatseni mtundu wina. Mitundu yotsatirayi ya zovala zapamwamba ndizoyenera kuzikongoletsera m'nyumba:

• Alkyd enamels. Amakhala ndi fungo lonunkhira, amatulutsa zinthu zapoizoni, ndipo amapanga kanema wandiweyani pamtunda.
• Utoto wamadzi. Zinthu zachilengedwe kwathunthu, zimauma mwachangu komanso ndizolimba mokwanira.
• Ma enamels a polyurethane. Ndi owopsa m'madzi, koma osagonjetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwamakina.

Zojambula zojambula

Mpweya wapamwamba ukhoza kupangidwa ndi burashi yamatabwa. Katunduyu amatsogoleredwa pamodzi ndi njere za nkhuni ndikuwononga zinthu zofewa. Zowonjezera zimachotsedwa ndipo varnish kapena utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zotsatira za matabwa a bleached amapangidwa mofananamo, koma mawonekedwe oyera amawonjezeranso utoto.

Kukalamba kwapangidwe kumachitika ndimakina. Dala kuwononga malo m'malo angapo, kuyesera kuchita izi mwachilengedwe momwe zingathere. Kenako adaya utoto molingana ndi muyezo.

Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa zinthu

Pozindikira kuchuluka kwa matabwa kiyubiki, m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti gawo lawo lamtanda silingakhale loyera kapena lofanana. Chifukwa chake, kuwerengera kudzakhala pafupifupi.

Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa magawo a bolodi. Kuwerengera konse kumachitika mu mita. Kenako malowa amatsimikizika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta ndipo zida zoyenera zimasankhidwa malinga ndi magawo. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito chowerengera pa intaneti kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa zida.

Kutsiliza

Kutsanzira matabwa ndizomangamanga mosiyanasiyana. Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamatabwa achilengedwe, kusunga zabwino zonse ndi zovuta za zinthu zachilengedwe. Zimagwirizana ndimitundu yambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mkati ndi kunja. Mapanelowa ndi ofanana ndendende ndi matabwa osungidwa. Ndikosavuta kugwira nawo ntchito, ngati muli ndi luso pakupanga, kukhazikitsa kungachitike ndi manja anu pogwiritsa ntchito kanema wophunzitsira, chithunzi.