Cholinga chachikulu cha garaja ndikuteteza galimoto ku zinthu zoyipa zakunja, komanso kusunga zida zamitundu yonse. Nyumbayi iyenera kukhala yodalirika, yotetezeka komanso yothandiza. Magalimoto angapo ndi njinga zamoto zimatha kukhala pansi pa denga limodzi la chipinda chokwanira. Kapangidwe kolingaliridwa bwino, malo oyenera a dzenje loyang'anirako, mashelufu amakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto mokwanira komanso momasuka. Wokonda magalimoto aliyense azitha kupanga malo awoawo kutengera bajeti ndi zosowa zawo.
Makhalidwe apangidwe ndi zofunika zofunika
Kukhazikitsa malo oyenera kumathandizira kuyendetsa garaja, kukulitsa ntchito yamagalimoto, ndikuchepetsa kuyatsa. Zomanga ziyenera kuchitidwa poganizira kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa pakukonza, kuwunikira, kupezeka kwa zida zina ndi kukula kwake.
Pokonza garaja, malamulo ena ayenera kutsatiridwa. Kapangidwe kamene kamayenera kukhala ndi zipata zabwino zomwe zimaziteteza molondola kuchokera kwa alendo.
Chofunikira ndi microclimate. Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi kutentha komanso kutentha kwambiri.
Za chitetezo chamoto
Moto wochuluka wamagaraji umayambitsidwa chifukwa chosatsatira malamulo achitetezo. Malo achiwiri amatengedwa ndi masoka achilengedwe, kuyaka kwadzidzidzi kwa udzu wouma munthawi yachilala. Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chamoto, muyenera kukhala ndi udindo pakuwongolera. Njira yabwino kwambiri ingakhale chimango cha njerwa chokhala ndi magawo a konkire olimbitsa. Komanso, pomanga makoma, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bolodi lazitsulo. Zipata ziyenera kukhala zitsulo zokha.
Malo akunja ndi akunja ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi zosakaniza zosayaka zapadera. Utoto ndi mavanishi amayenera kukhala osakanikirana kwambiri ndi kuyaka, ndikupanga khushoni yoteteza mukamayatsa. Kutchinjiriza, kutchinjiriza madzi, malaya topco ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi zotseketsa moto. Zolumikizira zonse ziyenera kutetezedwa mosamala. Malo otenthetsera ayenera kukhala ndi chitetezo chamatenthedwe, zogwirizira zopangidwa ndi mbale zosayaka.
Kutentha
Pali njira zingapo zotetezera garaja. Matekinoloje amakono amakupangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuti uzichite wekha. Kutchinjiriza kwamkati kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pamalo onse. Musanayambe ntchito, m'pofunika kuwerengera mame kuti musaphatikizepo kunyowa kwa makoma, mawonekedwe a bowa. Kusankha zinthu kuyenera kutengera momwe nyengo ilili m'derali. Odziwika kwambiri ndi awa:
- Ubweya wa mchere. Kupanga kotsekemera kopangidwa ndi ulusi kumakhala ndi slag, galasi, miyala. Iwo ali mkulu matenthedwe makhalidwe kutchinjiriza. Kutulutsa - kuyamwa kwamadzi kwambiri;
- Styrofoam. Kugwiritsa ntchito, kotchipa kwa khoma ndi zokongoletsa pansi. Maselo apulasitiki ambiri amakhala ndi ma granules osungunuka. Zipilala zopepuka sizimayamwa madzi, musalemetse kapangidwe kake. Polyfoam singagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo achiwawa;
- Penoizol. Zofanana ndi thovu, koma mawonekedwe amadzi. Kutsekemera kwa nthunzi, kotsekemera kumatha kuyamwa chinyezi ndikusintha nthawi yomweyo;
- Dothi lokulitsidwa. Chokhalitsa, chosagwira mankhwala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutchinjiriza pansi, kuyikidwa pakati pa nthaka ndi screed ya konkriti.
Ntchito yotsekera garaja iwonongeka ngati chipata chikadali chosasunthika - gwero loyamba lakuchepa kwa kutentha. Nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa thovu.
Mpweya wabwino
Danga la garaja nthawi zambiri limakhala laling'ono ndipo chinyezi chimakula msanga. Ma voliyumu akasintha nthawi ndi nthawi, galimotoyo imachita dzimbiri pakapita zaka zingapo kapena ngakhale atangoyamba ntchito. Komanso, ngozi ku thupi la munthu m'chipinda chopanda mpweya imayambitsidwa ndi kuthira mafuta, zinthu zakupha.
Pazinyumba za garaja, mitundu itatu ya mpweya imagwiritsidwa ntchito: zachilengedwe, zamakina, kuphatikiza. Njira iliyonse yopumira mpweya ndiyabwino nyumba ina. Mpweya wabwino ndiwosavuta, kukhazikitsa sikutanthauza ndalama zilizonse. Kuyenda kwa misa yam'mlengalenga kumachitika chifukwa chakakamizidwa mkati ndi kunja kwa garaja chifukwa chakusiyana kwake. Kuti mutsegule mpweya wabwino, m'pofunika kuwerengera bwino malo a utsi ndi mapaipi othandizira.
Kuyeretsa mpweya m'garaja yayikulu, yosanjikiza iwiri yokhala ndi mpweya wabwino sizothandiza. Ndi bwino kukonzekeretsa chipinda chotere ndikukakamiza mpweya wabwino. Pamalo akulu, ndi okhawo omwe amatha kupereka zokoka zokwanira. Zithunzi zimathandizidwa ndi mafani, zosefera, chotenthetsera zamagetsi.
Kuphatikiza mpweya wabwino ndi koyenera ku garaja yokhala ndi cellar. Mukasungidwa mobisa, mpweya umatsukidwa mwanjira yachilengedwe, ndipo umachotsedwa mnyumbayo palokha pogwiritsa ntchito mokakamiza. Mapaipi amlengalenga amakhala ndi mafani amodzi kapena angapo owongoleredwa.
Ndondomeko ya ngalande
Danga la garaja lingagwiritsidwe ntchito osati kungosungira magalimoto. Okonda magalimoto ambiri amakhazikitsa zokambirana, zosangalatsa komanso ngodya zamasewera m'derali. Chifukwa chake, nyumbayo iyenera kukhala yoyera, youma komanso yabwino.
Kuti mukulitse mwayi ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, garaja iyenera kukhala ndi ngalande. Ngalande ndizofunikira kukhetsa mpweya, kuchotsa madzi mutatsuka, kutsuka galimoto. Makina oyendetsa bwino amakakamizika kumagaraji okhala ndi dzenje lowonera ndi chipinda chapansi pa nyumba.
Makina oyendetsa ngalande munyumba ya garaja ndi ofanana ndi nyumba imodzi. Zidzakhala zofunikira kulumikiza bwino mapaipi, poganizira kutsetsereka kwa madzi amadzimadzi mu thanki ya septic. Zinthu zodalirika kwambiri ndizopanga pulasitiki, zomwe sizimva nkhawa zothimbirira mafuta ndi mankhwala.
Ntchito zosiyanasiyana
Gawo loyamba lomanga nyumba iliyonse kapena garaja ndikukula kwa projekiti. Poyamba, muyenera kuwunika momwe nyumba imamangidwire, zosowa zanu ndi kuthekera kwanu. Ndalama zandalama ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi malire. M'pofunika kuganizira danga la galimoto yachiwiri, njinga, chifukwa bikers - njinga yamoto. Muyeneranso kupereka malo osungira zida zamakina, njira zosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zina zothandiza, zomwe sizingapezeke mnyumba. Mutha kulemba pulojekiti yanu potengera njira zotsatirazi:
- Garaja yosavuta. Nyumbayi ili ndi denga lamatabwa. Chojambulacho chitha kupangidwa ndi ma sheet achitsulo, njerwa. Pansi pake pali miyala yakonkriti. Mutha kukonza chipinda ndi zenera, kukhetsa, chitseko chadzidzidzi;
- Ndi malo ena othandizira. Zimatanthauza kupezeka kwa chipinda chothandizira mkati. Chipindachi chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo ochitira masewera, ngati chipinda chosinthira antchito, chosungira zida (benchi, makina opangira matabwa);
- Kukulitsa garaja. Kapangidwe kamakhala ndi khoma lofananira ndi kapangidwe kake. Woyendetsa amatha kulowa mkati mseu komanso kunyumba. Mawindo samaperekedwa. Denga limapangidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse (woponya, gable);
- Kwa magalimoto awiri. Chipinda chachikulu chimatha kukhala cholimba kapena chogawika magawo. Makinawa amalekanitsidwa ndi magawano. Kukhazikitsa kosavuta kumakupatsani mwayi wosunga mosiyana magalimoto, njinga, ma ATV;
- Ndi denga lokutidwa. Ndalama, kapangidwe kabwino, kosavuta kukhazikitsa. Zimasiyana ndi nyumba yokhayokha pokhapokha kutsetsereka kwa denga.
Kuunikira garaja yamagetsi
Kupititsa patsogolo malo a garaja kumaphatikizanso kuyatsa kwapamwamba. Uku kungakhale kuwunikira kochepa kapena nyali zazikulu. Malo okhala magetsi ndi mphamvu zawo zimadalira kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nyumbayo, komanso mtundu wa ntchito yomwe imagwiridwa. Kumanga zipinda zofunikira ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Dongosolo lokonzekera lili ndi izi:
- Kukhazikitsa chingwe champhamvu mkati mwa garaja;
- Kukhazikitsa bolodi;
- Kusankha malo, kuyika mabowo, ma swichi, zida zowunikira;
- Kumangirira.
Zipangizo zamtundu uliwonse zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyatsa magetsi. Nyali zosavuta zowunikira, zopulumutsa mphamvu, halogen, nyali za fulorosenti ndizoyenera. Mtundu uliwonse uyenera kukhazikitsidwa malinga ndi malamulo ena. Kutuluka kofiyira kuyenera kudera lonselo mofanana. Ndikwabwino kuwayang'anira m'njira yokhazikika, ndikupanga kupatukana kwa zigawo. Nyali yaying'ono yamapangidwe oyenera imatha kuyikidwa patebulo, ma LED atha kuyikidwa padenga.
Zida zomaliza ndi mawonekedwe awo
Kusankha kokutira m'malo osakhalamo kumadalira cholinga chake. Zomangamanga siziyenera kukhala zaukhondo komanso zokongoletsa zokha, komanso zigwirizane ndi mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe. Pamwamba paliponse pamayenera kuthandizidwa ndi zida zoyenera zomwe zingathe kupirira zinthu zakunja ndi zinthu zowononga.
Mpanda
Kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri yokongoletsera khoma m'garaja kumakhudzidwa makamaka ndi kukula kwa bajeti, kapangidwe ka chipinda, zamkati ndi zokonda zanu. Zosakaniza zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito, mapepala amafunika kulekerera kusintha kwa kutentha, kukhala kosavuta kuyeretsa. Mukamasankha zokutira, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kukonza mu garaja kumachitika pafupipafupi, chifukwa chake kuyenera kukhala kolimba komanso kolimba. Zipangizo zotsatirazi zitha kusiyanitsidwa ndi zinthu zambiri:
- Pulasitala. Kukaniza bwino moto. Kusakaniza komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma sikutengera fungo kapena fumbi. Imagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha pang'ono ndipo imatha kukonzedwa mosavuta. Mutha kuyika utoto kapena putty pamwamba pa pulasitala;
- Ceramic matailosi. Zodalirika, zolimba ndizosavuta kukhazikitsa ndi kuyeretsa. Zina mwazovuta ndizokwera mtengo, kulemera kwakukulu;
- Mapale a polyvinyl chloride. Zida zosagwira chinyezi, zosawotchera ndizochepa mphamvu kuposa zonse zomwe zalembedwa mundandandawu. Sifunikira kukonzanso kowonjezera ndi zokutira, samalekerera kutentha pang'ono;
- Zowuma. Mapepala amphamvu amasunga kutentha bwino. Kuipa - kukwera mtengo ndi zovuta kukhazikitsa;
- Akalowa pulasitiki. Njira yosankhira kukongoletsa. Pansi pa mapepala, mutha kubisala kulumikizana, mawaya, kutchinjiriza. Zovuta, zotheka.
Kudenga
Nyumba iliyonse yatsopano imakhala ndi denga losasangalatsa. Fumbi lambiri limagwera pa slab ya konkire, yomwe ngakhale mpweya wabwino wamphamvu sungathe kulimbana nayo. Kuti mutonthoze ndikutenthedwa, ndikofunikira kupanga mapangidwe apamwamba kwambiri. Zinthu zotsika mtengo kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofolera denga m'garaji ndi plywood. Laminated bolodi lamatabwa limakwera mosavuta pamapangidwe ndipo lili ndi mtengo wokwanira.
Njira yothandiza ndikuyika pulasitala wonyowa. Ntchitoyi imachitika m'magawo angapo: kupopera mbewu, kupopera, kuphimba. Njirayi sioyenera aliyense, chifukwa imafunikira kuyesetsa kwambiri komanso nthawi.
Denga la plasterboard limabisala bwino zopindika, zosayenerera, kulumikizana ndi masks. Ndioyenera kumagalaji akulu, popeza kutalika kwa masentimita 5 kumatayika pakukhazikitsa. Mapanelo a PVC atha kupachikidwa pamtengo wazitsulo.
Ngati kuthekera kwakukulu kuposa mawonekedwe okongoletsa, fiberboard, OSB ndi zida zina zosindikizidwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza denga. Amatha kupatsidwanso utomoni, parafini, utoto wamtundu uliwonse.
Pansi ndi zipinda zapansi
Chophimba chophweka kwambiri pansi ndi malo obisika ndi konkriti screed. Ndikothekanso kuthana ndi zovuta zakuchulukirachulukira komwe kumangowonongeka mwachangu ndikuwapatsa mawonekedwe apachiyambi pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zingapo zosagwira. Chofunika kwambiri komanso chowoneka bwino ndi matailosi. Ikani pa zomatira, kuyesetsa kupewa voids. Ndi bwino kusankha mitundu yolimba yophimba, poganizira kulemera kwa galimoto yonyamula, galimoto. Kungakhale mphira, matabwa a miyala, miyala yamiyala.
Eni ake a garaja ambiri amakonda kujambula. Njira yolimbikitsira screed ili ndi vuto limodzi lalikulu - kufufutira mwachangu. Okonda moyo wanyumba nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi ndi slats zamatabwa. Chovala cha polima chitha kuonedwa ngati chabwino. Magwiridwe ake ndi ofanana ndi zida zolimba kwambiri. Chokhacho chokha ndichokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Mkati mwa garaja
Mitundu yofananira bwino komanso kumaliza koyenera kumathandizira kusintha garaja ya nondescript kukhala chipinda chopangira magalimoto. Koma kuwonjezera pakuwoneka kokongola, mkati mwake muyenera kukhala othandiza komanso ogwira ntchito. Chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi malo ake, zokongoletsera sizoyenera pano. Mutha kusunga malo ndikusintha mkati mwa garaja pogwiritsa ntchito zida zotsatirazi:
- Zingwe zazitali zosungira mawaya, zidebe, zida zam'munda;
- Zitsulo zopachika zazing'ono;
- Zingwe zamaginito pazinthu zachitsulo;
- Matabwa chida Perforated;
- Kuyimitsa njinga, ma scooter;
- Mabokosi a waya, mashelufu.
Kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza malo
Kapangidwe ka garaja sikangatchedwe kotakasuka. Kuti muthandizire kufikira zinthu zofunika, musiyeni makinawo kuti asungidwe, ndikofunikira kugawa bwino malowo. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito magawidwe motere:
- Malo owolokera - zone nthawi zonse amakhala omasuka kusuntha;
- Malo osavuta kupeza - posungira zinthu zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi;
- Danga lazinthu zazikulu - masutikesi, zokongoletsa Chaka Chatsopano zitha kuyikidwa pansi pa denga pa mezzanine;
- Zofunikira - makonzedwe azida zam'munda, nsanza zimapangidwa pakhomo lolowera garaja;
- Malo ogwirira ntchito - ndikoyenera kuyika tebulo, mipando, zida zofunikira pazomwe mumakonda mu mini-workshop.
Kusankha mipando
Kuchuluka kwa mipando kumatengera dera la nyumba yomanga galimotoyo komanso zosowa zake. Itha kugawidwa pamatawuni ndi poyimitsa. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu zotere kumakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi tanthauzo la ntchito yomwe idakonzedwa.
Mipando yapadera yomangira nyumba siyosiyana ndi kapangidwe kake ndi ulemu. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba. Malo otseguka amalola kuti musungire katundu wolemera. Ndikoyenera kuyika zida ndi zogwiritsa ntchito m'makabati otsekedwa ndi ma tebulo.
Mu malo ogulitsira garaja, mutha kukonzekera benchi yantchito ndi mitu ina yothandiza. Ndikosavuta kugwira ntchito yaukalipentala ndi logwirira ntchito pamakina ena apadera. Amakhala ndi zopalira zida, nyali zapadera, mawonekedwe azitsulo omwe saopa zokopa zilizonse.
Zipangizo za garaja
Madalaivala omwe akukonzekera kukonza kwambiri galimoto mu garaja kuposa kusintha kwamagudumu kosavuta ayenera kupereka danga la zida zowonjezera. Zotsatirazi zitha kuonedwa ngati mayunitsi abwino a nyumba yamwini:
- Makina ochapira kuthamanga. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka galimoto, mitundu yonse yakunja ndi yakunja. Pangani banja, mayunitsi akatswiri, usavutike mtima, n'kupuma, yoyenda yokha;
- Kuwotcherera makina. Kunyumba, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zidutswa zosindikizidwa. Ndi chithandizo chake, magawo a mpanda amawiritsa, chitseko chachitsulo chimakonzedwa;
- Compressor. Kutulutsa koyenera kwa mpope wamanja. Kuponderezedwa, imapereka mpweya pansi pamavuto;
- Hayidiroliki Press. Chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito yocheperako, kutulutsa zitsamba, manja;
- Olekanitsa madzi-mafuta. Chipangizocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka galimoto kuti mugawire utoto pazitsulo.Chipangizocho chimatsuka mpweya kuchokera m'madontho amafuta, nthunzi zoyipa;
- Pobowola makina. Ntchito kubowola mwatsatanetsatane, ntchito kochepa mphero.
Cholinga
Njira yayikulu posankhira chipata ndikuteteza kodalirika kwa makina ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali zosungidwa m'galimoto. Mapangidwe ayenera kukhala omasuka komanso osavuta. Ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a chitseko zimakhudza kwambiri nyengo yakunyumba komanso chitetezo chamagalimoto.
Mitundu yofananira yazitseko imakhala yofanana. Chinsalucho chimapangidwa ndi zotayidwa zingapo, zinthu zosanjikiza zomwe zimakonzedwa mopingasa. Mukatsegulidwa, chinsalucho chimasunthira mmwamba ndikusonkhanitsa pansi pake. Zitseko zokhotakhota zili ndi magwiridwe antchito ofanana ndikukweza. Mukatsegulidwa, ukonde wa zingwe zomwe amajambula mwapamwamba umamangiriridwa pamtengo pansi pa chitseko chapamwamba.
Zipata zakumtunda zimafuna malo ambiri aulere, chifukwa chake samasankhidwa kawirikawiri. Makina osinthasintha ndiabwino kwa ogula aku Russia. Khomo lamtunduwu la garaja ndilofala kwambiri komanso lotsika mtengo. Zipangizo zachitsulo zimatseguka panja, zomwe zimasunga mkati.
Kutsiliza
Ndikofunikira kukonzekeretsa garaja pomwe ikugwira ntchito. Zikhala zabwino komanso zogwira ntchito pokhalabe mwaukhondo ndikukonzanso munthawi yake. Zipangizo zosankhidwa bwino pomaliza pamwamba, mipando yabwino kwambiri ndi zida zowonjezera zimakupangitsani kukhala kosangalatsa kwambiri.
