Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kukonza malo okhala kukhitchini m'malo okhala anthu ambiri. Mu khitchini yabwino, mumakhala ndi zinthu zonse nthawi zonse, pali tebulo la kukhitchini komanso malo ogwirira ntchito kwaulere. Zida zimayikidwa m'madrowa, makina osungira komanso thewera apakhitchini, kutalika kwake komwe kumakhudzanso chitonthozo.
Chovala ndiye mtunda pakati pa magawo am'mutu, komanso zinthu zodzaza malowa, kuphatikiza mapangidwe amtundu umodzi. Matebulo apabedi nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mizere iwiri yopingasa. Eni ake amasankha magawo ake ndipo nthawi zina amalakwitsa. Malo ogwirira ntchito nthawi zina amakhala okwera mosavutikira. Nkhani za ergonomic zimakhudzanso kutalika kwa mashelufu apamwamba - zomwe zili mkatizi zitha kukhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, musanagule mipando, muyenera kuyesera ndikuyesa mtunda wofanana.
Ntchito yayikulu ndi mawonekedwe a thewera yakhitchini
Apuloni ndi malo kukhitchini omwe amakhala pakati pa mizere yotsika ndi yapamwamba ya makabati. Mwachidule, amatchula gawo limodzi la khoma kapena kumaliza kwake, nthawi zina - malo ogwirira ntchito, nthawi zambiri - malo onse pakati pa mizere ya mabokosi. Gwiritsani ntchito thewera posungira ziwiya zaku khitchini komanso ngati mipando ya mipando yomwe imatha kutentha ndi chimbudzi ndi madzi osambira. Danga pakati pamabokosi nthawi zambiri limayikidwa matailosi, omwe sadzawopsezedwa ndi mabanga amafuta.
Apuloni ndi yofunikira m'makhitchini ocheperako, chifukwa khoma lolimba limatenga malo ambiri, ndipo sipadzakhala mpata wotsalira pamalo odulira. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zomwe zili m'mashelufu apamwamba zimakhala pamtunda wovuta, koma pamwamba pamadolo otsika, katunduyo ayenera kupangidwa kutengera zomwe zikuyenera kuchita. Mitundu yomwe yatchulidwayo ikutanthawuza kuti palibe njira ina yampando wama bunki kukhitchini yaying'ono.
Zofunikira zoyambirira
Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pa apuloni monga kumaliza kakhitchini kulikonse. Tsambalo lidayalidwa ndi matailosi, magalasi, ndiye kuti, kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe sizimayamwa dothi komanso zimakhala ndi ukhondo wapamwamba. Povala, mapanelo okhala ndi zinthu zonyansa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Maonekedwe a khitchini sakanatha kumaliza popanda epuroni wabwino. Amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosangalatsa ya mitundu, zojambula zachilendo, mitundu yobwereza.
Nyali zaluso nthawi zambiri zimamangiriridwa pa thewera - kuwunikira malo antchito. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, izi ndizofunikira ngati pali nyali zamalo. Pamphepete m'munsi pakati pa malo ogwirira ntchito ndi thewera, ma curbs amaikidwa kuti aziteteza kumadzi ndi zinyenyeswazi kuti zisalowe pamakoma amipando.
Kuphimba kwa thewera kumapangidwa kukhala kosagwirizana ndi chinyezi komanso kutentha, kosagwirizana ndi madzi, nthunzi, utsi, madontho otentha. Kukaniza kupsinjika kwamakina ndiye gawo lomaliza. Chovala chabwino sichingawononge kuwonongeka kwa poto, zida zapakhomo, kapena foloko.
Kukula kwakukulu
Osachepera ndi 40-45 cm, ndipo pamwamba pa chitofu chimakula mpaka masentimita 60-75. Pankhani ya magetsi a magetsi, 60-65 cm ndi okwanira, ndipo mafuta ambiri mumapasipoti ndi 75 sentimita kapena kupitilira apo. M'mphepete mwake mwa mzere wapamwamba nthawi zambiri mumakhala masentimita 60-65 pamwamba pa malo ogwira ntchito, nthawi zina mumzere umodzi wowongoka. Kwa amayi apansi pamunsi pa 155 cm, mulingo woyenera ndi masentimita 45 - sipadzakhala mphako wokhala ndi hood.
Ma apuloni ambiri amakhala ndi kutalika kwa 48 mpaka 60 cm. Zipangizo zapakhomo zazing'ono komanso zapakatikati, makina osungira mbale amayikidwa mosavuta.
Kutalika kwa thewera kumadalira kasinthidwe kakhitchini. M'nyumba za Khrushchev, chipindacho nthawi zambiri chimakhala chachikulu, ndipo ku brezhnevka chimakhala chachitali. M'zipinda zomwe zimakhala ndi mbali zofanana, ma apuloni ndi ofanana ndi L, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 1.8-2 m. M'makhitchini otambalala, brezhnevka imafika mamita 2.5. M'makhitchini akulu, zosankha za mita 3.5 ndizofala.
Choyamba, muyenera kujambula ndikulemba mtunda kuchokera kumalo ake osiyanasiyana mpaka pansi - ngati pansi sikungafanane, kukhazikitsa gululi kumatha kukhala kovuta kwambiri.
Momwe mungadziwire kukula kwa apuloni yakukhitchini
Eni ake amaika zofuna zawo koposa china chilichonse, ndipo njirayi ndiyolondola. Kutalika kwa countertop, kukula kwa thewera ndi mulingo wazitseko zapamwamba nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa mwanjira zosiyanasiyana. Ndikumtunda kwapamwamba, zonse ndizosavuta - zotsekera zimayikidwa mulingo uliwonse. Pankhani yakumunsi, sankhani pakati pazitali zazitali ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mipando.
Mapanelo a thewera amapangidwa molingana ndi magawo ena, koma ndikuwonjezera kwa 1-2 masentimita pamwamba ndi pansipa kuti musunge. Chovalacho chimayikidwa patsogolo ndi malire owoneka, pafupifupi masentimita 5-20 pachilolezo.
Kukhazikitsa nyumba kumatha kukhala vuto. Ngati zokongoletsa kukhoma kumbuyo kwake zabisika kapena zikufanana ndi mipando, mawonekedwe a khitchini amakhala osangalatsa. Kupanda kutero, gulu la apuloni limayikidwa pamenepo.
Ngati zotchinga zakumtunda sizikhala zazitali kuposa zakumunsi, kungakhale bwino kudula gawo laulere ndi thewera.
Miyeso yazipinda zapansi: mtunda kuchokera pansi mpaka apuloni
Ndikofunika kuyeza kutalika kwa msinkhu wa achikulire kapena kuyang'ana pa hostess. Kutalika kwa ma countertops kumayambira 80 cm, ndipo mitundu yotsika imafanana ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 150-155. Amayi azaka zapakatikati amayenera kuyang'ana pamtunda wa masentimita 85 kapena 87. Kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chapamwamba, zosankha 90 cm kapena kupitilira apo ndizoyenera. Ndi mipando yoyenera, mapewa anu, msana ndi khosi sizipweteka mukagwira ntchito maola ambiri.
Kutalika kumathandizidwanso ndi:
- kapangidwe ka mutu wamutu;
- masewera;
- kukula kwa slab.
Izi zimachitika kuti setiyo imakwanira bwino, koma kutalika kwa mipando sikokwanira. Muyenera kukhala okhutira ndi mipando iyi kapena kulumikiza countertop pamwamba. Pamwamba pa magome amphepete mwa bedi atha kuphimbidwanso ndi bolodi lakuda la 4 cm wowoneka bwino.
Ngati mwiniwake wagula malo otsika kapena apamwamba, ndi bwino kusankha mipando molingana ndi magawo ake, kapena, mwanjira ina, kuti apange nsanja. Ma Hobs nawonso ali pamwamba pa tebulo, omwe amawonjezera zosankha pakusankha koyambira.
Kutalika kwa apuloni: komwe kuli makabati azipupa
Powonjezera kutalika kwa countertop, onjezerani masentimita 45 mpaka 65 kuchokera pamwamba. Chizindikiro chimapezeka chomwe chimakhudza ntchito yomwe ili kumtunda kwa khitchini. Momwemo, pansi pa makabati akumakoma ndi masentimita 15 pansi pamlingo wa diso.M'meneyi, wothandizira alendo amafikira chogwirira pakhomo nthawi iliyonse. Wamtali - mpaka gawo lachitatu la mashelufu. Kutalika kwabwinobwino kwa malire am'munsi mwa bolodi yolumikizidwa kumakhala pakati pa 130-150 cm.
Kusankha pakati pa thewera kakang'ono kokhala ndi gawo lotsika kwambiri ndi mpata waukulu wokhala ndi chipika chapamwamba ndichodziwikiratu. Pakalibe makina osungira zochuluka, kufunika kwa thewera lalikulu kumazimiririka. Kutalika kwa pafupifupi zida zonse zapanyumba zapakompyuta sikupitilira masentimita 40-45. Ngati pali kusowa kwa katundu, ndikokwanira kuwonjezera kutalika kwa thewera mpaka masentimita 50. Zogulitsa m'mashelefu a mzere wapamwamba zizikhala pamtunda woyenera.
Mtundu wa nyumba ndi malo
Mitundu ya hoods malinga ndi magulu osiyanasiyana:
- mosabisa;
- chilumba;
- ngodya;
- wokonda;
- telescopic;
- Zofanana ndi T;
- mzikiti;
- yomangidwa mokwanira;
- kuyimitsidwa;
- khoma.
Kutalika pamwamba pa chitofu kumasungidwa pamlingo wa masentimita 60-65 pamwamba pamagetsi ndi 70-75 masentimita pamwamba pa gasi. Malire apansi akuwonetsa mtengo wololedwa, apamwamba - osachepera omwe alimbikitsidwa. Mitundu yokhotakhota imalangizidwa kuyikidwa pamlingo wokwana masentimita 50 pamwamba pa zotentha. Zomangidwa, mipando yapadera yokha ndiyoyenera. Zilumba pachilumba zimapachikidwa pazilumba zamakhitchini zomwe zimakhala ngati khitchini yayikulu. Zitsanzo zamakona ndizoyenera kumakutu opindika ndipo zimakhala zazikulu.
Momwemo, m'lifupi mwake mulibe chofupikirapo kuposa chitofu, wokhala ndi malire a masentimita 7-10 m'mbali zonse ziwiri. Kutalika kwa malowa kumakulitsidwa ngati mphamvu ya hood ndi kukula kwa khitchini kulola. Zinthu zakupha sizikhudza chitetezo pamtunda wina, chifukwa moto umachitika chifukwa chodzikanira mwaye kapena mafuta pa kabati.
Kudziwitsa m'lifupi / kutalika
Kutalika ndikutalika kwa thewera kapena mtunda wapakati pa tebulo ndi mulingo woyika mzere wapamwamba m'mphepete mwake. Kudzakhala kotheka kudziwa chizindikirocho poganizira kutalika kwa mzere wapansi, malo ofunikira zida. Ndikofunika kuwerengera mulingo woyenera wazosungira zakumtunda, zomwe zimakhudzidwanso ndi mtunda wapakati pamashelufu. Palibe chomwe chimakulepheretsani kuti mulowetse kumaliza m'lifupi chifukwa cha magawo obisika, mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera masentimita 10 nthawi imodzi m'mphepete.
Kutalika kumatsimikizika ndi zomwe zimapangidwa kukhitchini. Mahedifoni okhala ndi mzere ali ndi malo osambira, mbaula, chotsukira mbale, ndikuwonjezera pamenepo padzakhala malo azigawo ziwiri zathunthu. Pakadali masentimita 40 pakati pa chitofu ndi sinki.Masentimita 70 amachotsedwa kuti akadule ndikuphika chakudya chozizira.Chotsatira chake, kutalika kwa thewera kumakhala pafupifupi mita 2.5. Magawo 4-5 athunthu amakhala ndi masentimita 55-60.
Malo a hob ndi sink
Njira zapa Washbasin:
- Pangodya;
- Pafupi ndi zenera;
- Pa mzere wolunjika;
- Malo okhala pachilumba.
Sinkiyo yakwera pakona kuti isunge mpata wonse, kuti igwiritse ntchito ngodya yosagwira ntchito. Kapangidwe kofanana ndi U, kukhazikitsa pamzere wowongoka kwatsimikizika bwino. Mawonekedwe osambira ndi amakona anayi, ozungulira ndi ozungulira akaikidwa molunjika. Zoyatsira zenera zidayikidwa m'makhitchini ena a Khrushchevs. M'nyumba zamakono, kuwonjezera poyambira, mabafa osamba amapangidwanso pazenera. Zotsatira zake, kulumikizana kuyenera kutalikitsidwa.
Ikani chitofu pamtunda wokwanira kuchokera pasinki, osachepera 40 cm. Mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi uvuni kapena wosiyana, malo okwana masentimita asanu okha ndi okwanira kuyika chotsukira mbale pafupi nawo. Simungathe kuphika pafupi ndi zenera, kapena kani, pafupi ndi mita. Choyenera, sungani mtunda wofanana pakati pa chitofu kumapeto kwake ndi lakuya / firiji mbali inayo. Ndikukhazikitsa kotsatira, ndibwino kuyika chitofu pakati, ngakhale kulinso malingaliro okhudza kuzama pakati.
Pomwe ndalama zikufunika
Malo osungira apuloni amayenera kusungidwa makamaka ndi magawo oonda. Izi zimachitika kuti makulidwe a thewera ndi akulu kuposa apansi. Poterepa, ndalama zolipirira sizimalola kuti mipando ikhazikike, chifukwa chake sanapangidwe. Ntchitoyi idzakhala yosavuta kwambiri ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zomangamanga, njerwa zachitsulo, mwachitsanzo, kapena matailosi. Ponena za kukula kwake, pali malingaliro oti musachepetse 1 cm pamwamba ndi pansi, koma makamaka mu 2. Chifukwa chazopeza zochepa, m'mbali mwa khoma mumatha kukakamizidwa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mukamenya mutu wamutu.
Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a thewera sikudalira kokha malire oyikirira. Eni ake nthawi zonse amakhala ndi zosankha ziwiri ngati pali malo ambiri omasuka pamwamba. Anthu ena amakonda kudzaza mzere wokhala ndi makabati apamwamba ndi apuloni, ena amakonda kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana.
Makulidwe a thewera ya kukhitchini yopanda makabati okhala ndi khoma
Malire akumtunda amakwezedwa mpaka 2 mita pansi. Palibe zoletsa kutalika, koma khitchini imawoneka bwino ngati theka la mita kumtunda kwa malo ogwirira ntchito asiyidwa mofananira ndi khoma lina lonse. Chovala cha masentimita 115-117 chimayikidwa pamwamba pa tebulo pamwamba pa masentimita 85, kuphatikizapo 2 cm pa ndalama zochepa. Malirewa sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi kutalika kwa 65 cm kwa thewera pansi pa gawo lapamwamba. Kungakhale kovuta kukhazikitsa makabati pamwamba pazenera. Pamwamba pa matebulo 80 ndi 95 cm masentimita, pali mapanelo a 120 + 2 ndi 105 + 2 cm, motsatana.
Sikoyenera kuchepetsa kutalika kwa thewera pansi pa malo aulere. Osachepera, ngati pamwamba pake pali mulingo wa masentimita 130-140. Kungakhale kupusa kuwoneka ngati kapangidwe kameneka, ndibwino kuti musawunikire apuloni konse. Kudzakhala kolondola kusiya kachetechete pamwamba pa bolodi lakumunsi logwirizana ndi zokongoletsa zina zonse.
Simuyenera kusiya khoma laulere; ndibwino kukhazikitsa mashelufu angapo otseguka okhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira.
Zinthu zakuthupi ndi momwe zimakhudzira kukula kwake
Zida zotchuka:
- Mapangidwe a MDF;
- Impact kugonjetsedwa galasi;
- Matailosi.
Pankhani ya matailosi, sizipweteketsa kupanga chophimba kuchokera kuzidutswa zina ndikumaliza mosalekeza. Kutalika kwa mizere iwiri ya matailosi limodzi ndi seams kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 60, ndipo chifukwa chake, mumapeza kuphatikiza kosavuta ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 56-58 okhala ndi zolowa zobisika komanso msoko wa grout pakati pomwe. Tileyo yonse imakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu, kotero kuphatikiza kokongola kudzapezeka pa thewera. Sizipweteka ngati kutalika kwa thewera ndikochuluka masentimita 5.
MDF yakwera pamwamba paliponse. Mapanelo ndi akulu: ophatikizika amapangidwa ndi mbali yopapatiza kuyambira masentimita 40. Zidutswa nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa kutalika kwa thewera kuti isapange mikwingwirima yopyapyala, kapena, pamenepo, mtunda umasankhidwa pazinthu za MDF. Mapeto a matabwa a MDF amadulidwa ndi tepi yoteteza.
Zovala zokongoletsa zamagalasi zimalamulidwa kukula kwake. Nthawi zambiri, zikopa zamagalasi zimapangidwa mwanjira imodzi malinga ndi kukula kwa thewera. Zojambula zamagalasi achikuda ndizotchuka. Momwemo, ma puzzles amadulidwa kapena kubisika.
Maonekedwe ndi mitundu
Malo ndi zolinga zachilengedwe ndizofala. Amasintha zipinda zosasangalatsa bwino komanso zotsika mtengo. Ma Aproni amapangidwa ndi zojambula ndi zojambula panyanja, m'nkhalango, mitu ya Mediterranean. Ndondomekoyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, mu mzimu wa chipinda chamkati, mkati mwa Chingerezi, techno, hi-tech, eco. Pogwiritsira ntchito apuloni, matabwa amtengo wapatali omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Provence, Western, loft.
Muyenera kuyesa mtundu. The apron yatha ndi njira ina: mosagwirizana ndi mipando ndi utoto, zogwirizana ndi zokongoletsa pamakoma ndikusiyananso. Mitundu yoyera, yabuluu, yobiriwira imawoneka bwino - ndi mthunzi uliwonse wa kukhitchini. Kufewa kumawonjezeredwa ndi pinki, lalanje, utoto wofiirira.
Zojambula zimasankhidwa ndi mawonekedwe aliwonse. Kakhitchini, chowala bwino chidzakhala chabwino: chovala chowunikira chimafalitsa bwino kuwala, kumakongoletsa zokongoletsa.
Kutalika ndi njira zoyikira malo ogulitsira pa khitchini
Zisa sizimaikidwa pamwamba pa lakuya ndi chitofu. Poyamba, mfundo zimasankhidwa kuti ma rosettes asayandikire osachepera 30 cm limodzi, ndipo mtunda woyenera ndi 50-60 cm mozungulira. Ngati palibe malo okwanira, ndibwino choyamba kuti musunthire padziwe, kenako kuchokera ku hob.
Zambiri mwa zolumikizira zida zamagetsi zili mkati mwa 1 mpaka 1.5 mita pamwambapa. Kuzungulira pakati pa thewera ndi malo abwino kwambiri kwa iwo.
Malo ogulitsira nyumbayi amaikidwa kuseri kwa kabati, pamwambapa kumtunda kwake. Mphamvu yamawalidwe imayikidwa pafupi.
Pazida zamagetsi zochepa, pangani mizere yamagalimoto atatu limodzi. Momwe mungapangire, pangani masango awiri oterewa kutalika kwa 15-20 cm pamwamba pa tebulo. Malire ake ndi 3.5 kW pagulu lililonse.
Zipangizo zomangidwa zimayikidwa osachepera 1 mita kuchokera kubotolo la thewera. Kwa zida zina, lamuloli siloposa 1.5 mita.
Kuunikira kwa thewera ndi malo ogwirira ntchito
Pamwamba pa malo ogwira ntchito pokonza ndi kuphika chakudya, zowunikira kapena ma LED oyenda nthawi zambiri amaikidwa. Malo okwera pamwamba pamutu wam'mutu kapena kunja kwa makabati khoma. Kuunikira kumawongoleredwa ndi nyali zosunthika zanyumba ndi nyali za hood.
The apron adzalandira kuwala kambiri kuchokera ku nyali zantchito, koma kuyatsa kwa chinthuchi, ma countertops ndi khitchini yonse, kumakonzedwanso ndi magwero ena. Mwachitsanzo, mzere wotalika ndi tepi. Zowonjezera zimayikidwa mu mzere umodzi pansi pa zotchinga zakumtunda, nthawi zina zimamangidwa. Tepi ndi kulumikizana kwa zidutswa zoyatsa zomwe zimayikidwa pambali pa thewera ndi malo ogwirira ntchito mumachitidwe osiyanasiyana.Mtengo wazida zazingwe ndi ma tepi nthawi zina umafika theka la mtengo wamutu, motero kugula kwawo ndi nkhani yokhala ndi zinthu zambiri.
Kutsiliza
Apuloni ndi malo ogwirira ntchito komanso owala kukhitchini. Kusiyanaku kumagawaniza mutu wam'mutu kum'munsi ndi kumunsi, ndipo nthawi zina kumakhala pamwamba pamzere wapansi. Kutalika kwa thewera kumafanana ndi magawo angapo ogwira ntchito. Pakati pawo pali ntchito ndi kudula pamwamba, mbaula, lakuya. Zodulira, zida zamagetsi, nthawi zina chakudya chimapachikidwa pa epuroni, ndipo zonsezi zimafuna kukhathamiritsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizovuta kukonza zinthu patebulo lakumtunda ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito moyenera. Mwanjira imeneyi, kukula kwa thewera kumathandizira. Kutengera makulidwe am'mapiri ogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati epuroni, amaikidwa kapena osapatsidwa ndalama. Makulidwe amatengera magawo am'mutu, kutalika kwa mizere iwiri, kupezeka kwa gawo lachiwiri, mbale ndi hood. Komanso, malo oyandikira sangakhale omasuka popanda kuyatsa kwapamwamba.
