Zonse zakukonzanso kwa tsambalo

Malangizo pakulimbikitsa kutsetsereka

Musanapange malo otsetsereka pamalowa, ayenera kulimbikitsidwa, kutetezedwa ndi kugumuka kwa nthaka. Koma choyamba, yesani:

• momwe madzi apansi aliri akuya;
• madigiri angati kutsetsereka kwa tsambalo;
• kuthamanga kwapansi ndikokulu bwanji;
• nthaka ndi chiyani?

Kudziwa izi kukuthandizani kuti musankhe molondola ndikuyika makoma osungira kapena njira zina, chifukwa chake, sungani malo omwe apangidwa kwanthawi yayitali.

Timayamba kuyesetsa kulimbikitsa:

• Bzalani mbewu ndi mizu yolimba yolimba kuti muthandizire malo okwezeka ndi otsetsereka pang'ono.
• Mangani makoma ochepera pang'ono ngati otsetsereka ndi olimba komanso kutentha kwapansi ndikokwera. Pambuyo pake tikambirana zaubwino ndi zovuta pakusunga makoma opangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
• Ikani ma geotextiles kuti muteteze nthaka kuti isasakanikike ndi kumeta ubweya. Yoyenera kutsetsereka mpaka madigiri 60. Gwiritsani ntchito ma geomat m'malo amphepo: amalumikizana ndi mizu, amapanga zokutira zokhazikika zomwe zimateteza kukokoloka.
• Ikani geogrid yolimba: imabwereza mpumulowo, imalimbitsa, imateteza kutsuka kwa nthaka ndi kutsika.
• Phatikizani ma gabion okongoletsa pamapangidwe atsambali pamtsetse: amawonjezera kalembedwe, amateteza kusuntha, amakhala olimba komanso odalirika pazaka zambiri.
• Yambitsani mipanda yotsika monolithic (yopangidwa ndi njerwa, slabs, mwala) m'mphepete mwake ndi pakati pa mabacteria - safuna kukonza, ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosungira makoma.

Makoma osungira amapangidwa ndi:

1. Mwala. Ubwino waukulu ndizoyambira komanso kulimba. Zikuwoneka zoyenera kuzunguliridwa ndi udzu ndi mitengo, zimakwanira mosavuta pulojekiti yokongoletsa malo pamalo otsetsereka. Ukadaulo wakale wamatope owuma ndiwovuta, umafuna chidziwitso ndi maluso: mabatani omwe ali oyenerana wina ndi mnzake amasankhidwa, amaikidwa popanda matope, pomwe mawonekedwe oterewa akhala zaka zambiri. Tekinoloje zamakono zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuyala: ziwalozo zimakonzedwa ndi matope a simenti, chifukwa chake sikofunikira kusankha miyala molingana ndi mawonekedwe ake. Nthawi zina mipata imadzazidwa ndi zinyalala.
2. Wood. Amakonzedweratu ndi zoteteza. Pomanga makhoma osungira, matabwa amitundu ingapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito: kuzungulira, lalikulu, lathyathyathya. Mitengo yachilengedwe imagwirizananso mosavuta ndi tsambalo, koma mosiyana ndi njira yoyamba, siyolimba kwambiri - chifukwa chake, kutalika kwa mamangidwe ake kumakhala kwa masentimita ~ 35. Kuti matabwa kapena zipika zigwire, zimalimbikitsidwa ndi zogwirizira zachitsulo kapena matope a konkriti.
3. Njerwa. Ngakhale idapangidwa ndi mafakitale, njerwa zofiira zimayenda bwino ndi masamba obiriwira komanso masamba obiriwira. Kuyika kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito konkriti, khoma lokhalitsa ndilolimba, lolimba. Asanamange, maziko amayenera kutsanuliridwa - amasunga nyumbayo zaka zambiri zikubwera.

Kuwopsya

Gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakukonza tsamba lotsetsereka, lomwe nthawi zambiri limaphatikizidwa ndikupanga makhoma osungira, ndi malo owonekera. Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa masitepe, ndizotheka osati kungoletsa kukokoloka, komanso kukonza malo pamalo otsetsereka okhala ndi malo ogwiritsika ntchito.

Malamulo oyambira kukonza nthaka:

• Kutsetsereka kwa tsambalo ndikokulirapo, "masitepe" amapangidwa mosemphanitsa.
• Ntchito imachitika mosamalitsa koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira kapena masika.
• Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa mphepo yamkuntho, yomwe singalole kuti mvula isambe masitepewo.
• Malo, kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa nyumba zimatsimikiziridwa pasadakhale.

Pachithunzicho pali magawo atatu amiyala pamalopo

Pali mitundu 4 yamitengo, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana othandizira:

1. Ridge. Oyenera otsetsereka a madigiri 8-12. Timiyala tating'onoting'ono timapangidwa modutsa, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 30-50. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yamphesa.
2. Anaponda. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira madera akumatawuni. Masitepewo ndi a 3-15 mita mulifupi ndipo amalimbikitsidwa ndi makoma.
3. Kuthamangitsa. Oyenera otsetsereka ku madigiri 10. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito polima tiyi, khofi, zipatso za zipatso.
4. Madontho. Yoyenera kutsetsereka madigiri 35-40. Zitsulo zimatsanulidwira m'nthaka yopezedwa m'mitsinje yamkuntho. Kuphatikiza apo, shaft iliyonse yotsatira ndiyokwera kuposa yapita.

Bwalo lililonse limakhala ndi malo, otsetsereka mkati ndi kunja, berm (dera lomwe lili pakati pamasamba awiri).

Ntchito yosintha kukwera ndiyachidziwikire, chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuperekanso mwayi kwa akatswiri: apanga mapulani, adziwe gawo, alimbikitse malo otsetsereka ndikupanga zipilala zosalala momwe zingathere kukonzekeretsa nyumba, kukonza munda wamasamba ndi malo azisangalalo.

Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa chitsanzo cha zomangamanga zamwala

Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yokonzera nyumbayi ndi nyumba ndi iti?

Ntchito yomanga nyumba molingana ndi malo otsetsereka komanso kuyeza kwa nthaka (nthaka, madzi). Kulondola kwa zisonyezozi kumatsimikizira kusankha koyenera kwa maziko, motero, kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake.

Chithunzi ndi nyumba yamakono yochokera kumwamba

Chidziwitso chotsatirachi chithandizira kukhazikitsa bwino nyumba pamalo otsetsereka a tsambalo:

• Malangizo a dzuwa. Kutentha kwambiri kudzakhala m'malo otsetsereka akumwera ndi azungu. Ngati mukukhala nyengo yovuta, iyi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri - mutha kupulumutsa pakuwotcha ndikusangalala ndi kulowa kwa dzuwa.
• Polowera. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri munthawi yomanga: muyenera kuganizira za momwe zinthuzo zidzaperekedwere. Ndipo mtsogolomo, mudzayenera kuyendetsa pamsewu pafupifupi tsiku lililonse - chifukwa chake mtunda wochokera koimika magalimoto mpaka pakhomo lolowera kunyumbayo usakhale wautali kwambiri.

Pachithunzicho pali nyumba yayikulu yokhala ndi dziwe m'zigwa

• Kulumikizana. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri ndikofunikira ndimomwe madzi adzakwaniritsire, komwe kuli ngalande, ngati kungakhale kotheka kutambasula mawaya kuchokera pamzere wamagetsi.
• Ikani pamtsetse. Ngati mungakhale pamwamba, ndizabwino, ingoyikani nyumba pamwamba. Koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala oyandikana nawo pamalowa pamwambapa ndi pansipa - chifukwa chake muyenera kuwerengera ndi omwe ali pamwambapa, kapena m'malo mwake malo amtsinje wawo.

Ma Nuances okonzekera mayendedwe

Khalani okonzeka kuyenda pamtunda. Kuti mayendedwe azikhala omasuka, ganizirani za njira ndi masitepe pasadakhale.

Njira zomwe zili pakati pa masitepe awiriwo zimapangitsa kuti zizingoyenda - mosiyana ndi misewu yowongoka kapena yanjoka, ndizosavuta kukwera ndikutsika nawo.

Kukwera kuyenera kukhala ndi makwerero omasuka. Ngati malo otsetsereka ndiwambiri ndipo pali masitepe ambiri omwe akonzedwa, pangani nsanja pakati pawo - makamaka ndi mabenchi omasuka kapena gazebos, makamaka ngati okalamba akukonzekera kukhala kapena kukhala mnyumbamo.

Mu chithunzi cha makwerero opangidwa ndi matabwa

Misewu ndi masitepe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zofanana ndi zosungira makoma - kotero mawonekedwe ake onse ndi ogwirizana. Koma taganizirani za chitetezo chapamwamba: nthawi yamvula ndi chipale chofewa, malo sayenera kukhala oterera, apo ayi kuyenda m'njira kungakhale kowopsa. Kawirikawiri mwala wamtengo wapatali kapena matabwa osasungunuka amasankhidwa.

Mizere ya njirazo imakongoletsedwa ndi miyala, malire amitengo kapena obiriwira, maluwa, mitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse, ndi zitsamba zoyera zimabzalidwa pambali pawo.

Mu chithunzicho pali njira zopaka miyala

Zomwe muyenera kuganizira mukamakongoletsa tsamba lanu?

Musanayambe kupanga tsambalo pamalo otsetsereka, ganizirani izi:

• Malo. Kutsetsereka kwakumwera mosakayikira ndiko kokonda kwambiri kukula kwamphamvu kwa mbewu. Kumpoto, muyenera kusankha mitundu ina yokonda mthunzi.
• Otsetsereka. Sikuti mbande zonse zimatha kukhala pakona - bzalani masitepe owongoka, komanso kutsetsereka, sankhani mitundu yophimba pansi ndi mizu yochepa.
• Kuyambitsa. Kodi nthaka m'nyumba yanu yachilimwe imakhala ndi chiyani? Ndikosavuta kusankha mbeu yoyenera nthawi yomweyo kuposa kuyesa kusintha nthaka kuti ikhale mphukira zopanda phindu.
• Chinyezi. Madzi amayenda pansi, motero mbewu zomwe zimakonda chinyezi zimamveka bwino pansi.

Mapiri aliwonse osasintha ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopita kumtunda wa mapiri kapena miyala. Mothandizidwa ndi bedi lamiyala yambiri, mutha kukonza malo ozungulira nyumbayo kapena kumenya malo ena onse pakati pamakwerero.

Pachithunzicho pali malo osangalatsa ozungulira pafupi ndi nyumbayo

Kusankha zomera:

Malangizo owala. Osati maluwa kapena shrub iliyonse yomwe imatha kupirira dzuwa lotentha kumadera otsetsereka akummwera, koma sedum yosagwira chilala, loosestrife, catnip, thyme, ndi cinquefoil zidzakhala zabwino. Kumbali yakumpoto, ndimakonda kuyika phlox, astilbe, lungwort, periwinkle, saxifrage.

Malo. Kutalika - kutentha kwa mpweya ndi nthaka youma, chifukwa izi ndizoyenera: eremurus, sedum, kumetedwa. M'malo achinyontho, ozizira okhala ndi ngalande zabwino, barberry, cotoneaster, buzulnik, fern amakula bwino.

Kulimbikitsa. Zomera zokhala ndi muzu wokula bwino zimabzalidwa pakati pa masitepewo pamalo otsetsereka pang'ono, zimathandiza kuti dothi likhale bwino. Odziwika kwambiri ndi loosestrife, veronica, phlox, ivy, clematis, chivundikiro cha nthaka.

Malingaliro okongoletsa malo

Mukayika magawo osiyanasiyana, sikungoganizira kokha komwe dzuwa likuyenda, komanso malo otsetsereka:

• Mitengo yayitali kapena yazipatso imayikidwa pamwamba, pafupi ndi nyumbayo. Kukonzekera kwa kutsetsereka komweko kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi zitsamba ndi maluwa.
• Maiwe, mathithi, malo osungira ndi madzi ena amatsitsidwa - pamenepo amatha kudzazidwa ndi madzi apansi palokha.
• Maonekedwe ake amakwaniritsidwa chifukwa cha mpumulo wachilengedwe, muyenera kungougogomezera ndi zomera zomwe zimasiyana kukula.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yoluka ndi yokwawa, mipesa kumenya makoma ndi mipanda - mbewu zomwe zikukula mwachangu zimapangitsa malo kukhala achilengedwe komanso okhala munthawi yoyamba.
• Konzaninso masitepe ang'onoang'ono a mabedi: ali kale ndi malire ndipo safuna kuyesetsa kwambiri pokonza malo oti mubzale.
• Sankhani mutu wanthawi zonse ngati zikukuvutani kuganizira za kuphatikiza kwa mbewu: mwachitsanzo ku Japan kapena ku France, mwachitsanzo, pali malamulo ena. Kutsatira iwo, mupanga mosavuta kugwirizana kwamgawo lanu.

Pachithunzicho, chithunzi cha alpine chikukwera

Zithunzi zojambula

Kutsetsereka kwachilengedwe kwa dimba kumatha kukhala poyambira kwabwino pakusintha kwanu. Sakanizani malingaliro anu ndikutsatira upangiri wathu!