Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa pakati pa zipinda zapansi, cellar ndi chapansi. Chipinda choyamba ndi gawo la maziko, chimakhala pansi penipeni pa nthaka ndipo nthawi zambiri chimasinthidwa kuti pakhale kulumikizana. Chipinda chapansi chimatchedwanso "theka-chapansi". Ichi ndi chipinda chapadera chomwe chimakhazikika pamaziko ndipo chimangomira pang'ono m'nthaka. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ma galaja ndi zipinda zosungira. Chipinda chapansi pa nyumba (mobisa) chimatha kukhala nyumba yomangidwa mosiyana kapena chapansi palokha. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira zida zapakhomo, kukonzekera ndi ndiwo zamasamba m'nyengo yozizira. Zipinda zapansi zilibe mawindo, kuwala kwachilengedwe sikulowa, ndipo chifukwa cha kutentha kwa nthaka, kutentha komweko kumasungidwa pano nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Pambuyo pomanga, samamalizidwa kumaliza, amangotsala pang'ono kulembedwa, chifukwa ntchito zosafunikira zimakhudzana ndi ndalama zowonjezera. M'nyumba zambiri za anthu, zipinda zapansi zimakhala ndi malo osangalatsa, omwe amasintha posachedwa eni ake. Monga mukudziwa, palibe chosatheka, chifukwa chake tiyeni tipeze mwatsatanetsatane ntchito yomwe ikuyenera kuchitidwa kuti "tipeze" chipinda chino.
Momwe mungapangire chipinda chanu chapansi kukhala chosavuta
Chipinda chapansi chimakhala chosavuta pokhapokha ngati ntchito yonse yomanga ndi kukongoletsa ikuchitika molingana ndi miyezo yovomerezeka. Kenako simudzasowa kupita kukamenya nkhondo "yachivundi" ndi nkhungu, chotsani chisanu mumitsuko yamatumba m'nyengo yozizira ndikusankha masamba achisanu. Kupangitsa chipinda kukhala choyenera kukhalamo, ndikofunikira kumaliza magawo angapo a ntchito:
- Kutentha, mpweya wabwino ndi zingwe zamagetsi. Tsoka ilo, popanda mabatire sikutheka kukhala mchipindacho kwa nthawi yayitali ngakhale chilimwe, pakalibe mabowo, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo sikuchotsedwa, ndipo alendo kapena omvera safuna kupuma mpweya;
- Kutsiriza. Poterepa, tikulankhula za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kutentha kolimba komanso zinthu zopanda madzi zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndikukhazikika kwa kutentha;
- Kusankhidwa kwa mipando ndi zokongoletsa chipinda.
Ngati palibe zolakwika zomwe zidachitika pomanga ndi kukongoletsa, ndiye kuti chipinda sichidzasiyana mosiyana ndi chipinda chochezera mnyumbamo.
Timakonzekera pamapangidwe
Mafunso ambiri amabwera kwa iwo omwe akumangidwa: kuyambira kuchuluka kwa zipinda zanyumba kufikira kufunika kokonzekeretsa chipinda chapansi. Zomalizazi zidzakulitsa kwambiri ntchito, koma malo owonjezera sadzakhala opitilira muyeso mnyumba kapena kanyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, zipinda zapansi zimalimbitsa maziko, omwe ndiofunikira makamaka kumadera kumene kumachitika kuwonjezeka kwanyengo. Ntchito yomanga iyenera kuyamba ndikufufuza nthaka. Kapangidwe kake pamalopo komanso kuya kwa madzi apansi panthaka zikhala zofunikira. Kutengera ndi ziwonetsero ziwirizi, mtundu wa maziko amasankhidwa, motero mawonekedwe apansi:
- Monolithic (matailosi);
- Tepi.
Mtundu wachiwiri ndi woyenera madzi akuya komanso nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyumbayo ikhale yolimba. Monolithic ndi slab yolimba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo owoneka bwino kwambiri pomwe tebulo lamadzi limakwera pamwamba pa 2 mita, ndipo nthaka ndiyotakata ndipo imakhala ndi mchenga. Pachikhalidwe, zomangamanga zimayambira kuchipinda chapansi. Dzenje lokumba limakumbidwa koyamba, maziko amayalidwa, malo akhungu amakonzedwa. Pali mitundu iwiri yaukadaulo yomanga chapansi:
- Ndi kukonzekera dzenje;
- Ndi kuponyera koyambirira kwa makoma a tepi (konkire yolimbitsa).
Kupezeka kwapansi
Khomo lolowera kuchipinda chapansi liyeneranso kupezeka pamapangidwe omanga. Pali zinthu zitatu zokha zomwe mungasankhe:
- Kuchokera mumsewu;
- Kuchokera kunyumba;
- Njira yophatikizidwa.
Poyamba, chipinda chapansi chidzaonedwa ngati chipinda chodziyimira palokha. Nthawi zambiri, zovala zamkati zimakhala ndi khomo loterolo, chifukwa zida zam'munda ndizovuta kuyenda nthawi zonse kudzera muzipinda zogona, ndikudetsa pansi. Khomo lolowera mnyumbamo ndiloti nthawi zonse mumapeza chakudya kapena malo okhala. Makomo amatha kukhala amtengo kapena chitsulo. Ngati kutuluka kumabweretsa kumsewu, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kusankha zinthu zolimba komanso zolimba. Chitsulo chimachita izi bwino kuposa matabwa. Chachiwiri chimasankhidwa pazitseko zamkati, zomwe zimayikidwa polowa mnyumbayo. Mwa mtundu wakuphedwa, amagawidwa:
- Ogontha;
- Chishango;
- Pamatabwa;
- Galasi lokhathamira.
Zomalizazi ziyenera kugulidwa pamagalasi okhala ndi ntchito zolemera. Ngati chipinda chapansi sichinakonzedwe kuti chikhale ndi moyo, ndiye kuti chinyezi kapena kuzizira sizimachokera "m'ndende", sankhani zitseko ziwiri kapena kuphatikiza. M'zipinda zina zapansi, pamakhala zotuluka ziwiri nthawi imodzi: imodzi kupita kumalo okhalamo, ndipo yachiwiri molunjika kumsewu. Poyamba, chitseko chamkati chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo chachiwiri, khomo lolowera.
Momwe mungamalize
Musanayambe kukongoletsa, muyenera kuti mwakumana ndi zovuta. Sizosangalatsa, koma popanda kukongoletsa koyenera, mpweya wabwino, kulumikizana ndi kutenthetsa sikuwoneka mchipinda. Maziko apansi panthaka kapena screed, monga amamangirira omanga, amapangidwa koyambirira. Mu monolithic maziko, konkriti imapachikidwa ndi mayankho apadera, omwe amalumikizana ndi chinyezi komanso "amatseka" pansi. Ngati maziko a tepi adayikidwapo, ndiye kuti "keke" yeniyeni imayikidwapo kuchokera kuzipangizozo:
- Mtsamiro wa mchenga;
- Zofolerera wosanjikiza zakuthupi;
- Kulimbitsa mauna.
Ndipo kokha screed ndiyomwe imayikidwa pamwamba. Pambuyo poti gawo logwira ntchito pansi litamalizidwa, limatha kuphimbidwa ndi laminate, linoleum, parquet kapena matailosi a ceramic. Kusankha kwa zinthu kutengera kapangidwe kamchipinda. Ngati chipinda chapansi chagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhala ndi moyo, ndiye kuti pulogalamu yotenthetsera imaperekedwa pakati pa pansi ndi poyikira, yomwe imapereka kutentha kwanthawi zonse.
Makomawo amawumbidwa kangapo asanamalize kumaliza. Magawo awiri kapena atatu opangira antiseptic sadzangowonjezera "zomatira" pakati pamaso ndi zinthu, komanso amachepetsa chiopsezo cha nkhungu ndi cinoni mapangidwe. M'chipinda cham'mwamba cham'chipinda cham'chipinda cham'mbuyo, makomawo amangopakidwa pulasitala kapena kupukutira ndi matabwa, matayala osagwira chinyezi. Yotsirizira, ngati n'koyenera, akhoza utoto mu mtundu ankafuna. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitala wamchere wamchere, chifukwa umalimbana kwambiri ndi chinyezi kuposa laimu ndi ma gypsum analogs. Mitengo iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mayankho apadera omwe adzalepheretse kuwola komanso kufalikira kwa bowa. M'nyumba zogona, kutchinjiriza kumachitika ndi ubweya wa mchere, ndipo pamwamba pa pulasitala makoma amamalizidwa ndi mapanelo a PVC, mapepala, matabwa, zowuma, kapena zopaka utoto.
Denga m'chipinda chapansi limagwira gawo lofunikira, makamaka ngati chipinda chikukonzanso, ndipo m'mbuyomu chidagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa kulumikizana kambiri. Mtundu woyimitsidwa uthandizira "kubisala" bwino kukongola konse kwa mapaipi ndi mawaya, koma nthawi yomweyo muziwasiya ngati kuli kofunikira. Tsoka ilo, njirayi siyoyenera zipinda zapansi zokhala ndi zotsika zochepa, chifukwa chimango chake "chimadya" masentimita ambiri amtengo wapatali. Poterepa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zouma zosagwira chinyezi. M'zipinda zazitali kwambiri, izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira denga lamiyeso yambiri, lomwe liziwoneka bwino mkati. Muzinthu zosavuta, pamwamba pake mumakongoletsedwa.
Makona ndi ziwalo zonse za pansi m'chipinda chapansi ziyenera kutenthedwa ndi njira yotsekera madzi, yomwe maziko ake amapangidwa kuti apange screed. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuteteza chipinda kuchinyontho ndi nkhungu.
Kuyatsa
Kulumikizana m'chipinda chapansi kuyenera kutetezedwa bwino, chifukwa chinyezi chambiri chimatha kusewera nthabwala yankhanza ndi eni ake. Ngati tikulankhula za chipinda kapena chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, ndiye kuti ngakhale mababu wamba sangagwire ntchito pano. Ndikofunika kusankha apadera omwe ali ndi chitetezo chambiri chambiri. Izi zimakhudzanso malo ogulitsira: kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi zisoti zapadera zomwe zimalepheretsa madzi kulowa mkati. M'zipinda zogona, kusowa kwa mawindo kuyenera kulipidwa ndi magetsi ambiri, omwe ali m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Ngati denga lanu lili ndi "masitepe" angapo, ndiye kuti magwero owunikira omwe adzapangidwe azikhala mkati mwa chipindacho, kutsindika mawonekedwe ake. Pamwambapa, chandelier kapena zingapo zoyesererana ziyenera kuimitsidwa ngati pali nsanja ziwiri (kapena kupitilira apo) zamtundu wophatikizika mchipinda. Amamangirira timiyala pakhoma, ndikuyika nyali patebulo, ndikuyatsa nyali pansi.
Malo amoto amabweretsa kukoma kwapadera kuchipinda chapansi. Kukhazikitsa kwake kumakhala kokwera mtengo, chifukwa, chifukwa cha momwe chipindacho chilili, muyenera kukopa akatswiri. Wopanda nzeru sangathe kuthana ndi ntchitoyi ndi manja ake. Malo amoto ndi ovuta kuwawona ngati opepuka, koma ndi "gwero" la kutentha ndi chitonthozo mumchipindacho.
Mpweya wabwino
Ziribe kanthu zomwe zingafunikire chipinda chapansi panthaka, kusinthana kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa ngakhale pomanga. Ngakhale zokongoletsa mchipindacho zidachitidwa moyenera, kukhoma kwa makoma ndi mayankho apadera, ngati kufalikira kwa mpweya kumasokonezeka, chinyezi sichidzatha. Tsoka ilo, ili ndi nkhungu ndi cinoni. Ma spores am'mbuyomu amatha, limodzi ndi mpweya wouma, kulowa m'mapapu, kuchulukana pamenepo ndikupangitsa matenda angapo, ena mwa iwo amapha. Machitidwe apansi a mpweya amagawidwa m'magulu awiri:
- Amapanga;
- Zachilengedwe.
Zomalizazi ndizoyenera kuzipinda zapansi "zozizira", zomwe palibe amene akukonzekera kuti azikhalamo. Mpweya wabwino ndi njira yosavuta yolumikizira yomwe imalumikiza chipinda chakunja. Mpweya umayenda mwaulere mwa iwo. Makina opangira mpweya wokakamiza kapena wokakamiza amalowetsa mpweya wabwino kuchokera mumsewu kulowa mchipinda, ndipo mpweya wokhazikika umatulukamo. Machitidwe amakono ogawanika amatha kuwongolera chinyezi ndi kutentha mkati mwa mawonekedwe omwe ali pagawo loyang'anira. Mpweya wabwino "woterewu" umathetsa mavuto ambiri ndipo udzakhala "wowongolera nyengo" wapansi m'chipinda chapansi cha nyumba.
Momwe mungakhalire ofunda
Kuti atenge chipinda chapansi chapamwamba kwambiri, amachita mbali ziwiri:
- Kutentha kwadongosolo;
- Kutetezera "bokosi" la chipinda: makoma, denga ndi pansi.
Njira zotenthetsera kutentha zidzakulitsa kutentha ndi kupopera kutentha. Ntchito yopangira zotchingira ndikumasunga motalika momwe zingathere. Ubwino wamakina omaliza ndi otenthetsera umakhudza mwachindunji microclimate mchipinda chapansi.
Zosankha zapansi
Chipinda chapansi chimasinthidwa ndizosowa zosiyanasiyana, kutengera zosowa za eni ake. M'nyumba zambiri, chipinda chino ndi chachikulu mokwanira kuti maloto a malo osewerera, malo osewerera, kapena malo ogwira ntchito akwaniritsidwe. Nthawi zambiri, amapangira kuchokera pansi:
- Kolimbitsira Thupi;
- Chipinda chapansi cha vinyo ndi malo olawa;
- Kakang'ono kakang'ono ka misonkhano ndi abwenzi;
- Dziwe losambira kapena sauna;
- Msonkhano wogwirira ntchito;
- Malo ochapira zovala ndi kusita zinthu. Zothandiza ngati banja ndi lalikulu;
- Chipinda cha Billiard chophatikizidwa ndi mivi, bwalo la tenisi patebulo;
- Chipinda chamasewera;
- Wowonjezera kutentha kwa ndiwo zamasamba kapena bowa. Mtundu wa banja laling'ono lomwe silisamala nyengo yachisanu;
- Situdiyo ya nyimbo yokhala ndi kutulutsa mawu kwabwino;
- Chipinda chowonjezera cha alendo;
- Nyumba zisudzo;
- Laibulale ndi chipinda chowerengera chaching'ono.
Malo oti mupumule
Malo okhala m'chipinda chapansi chachikulu nthawi zambiri mumakhala malo angapo ogwira ntchito:
- Kuwerenga ngodya;
- Bar counter kwa iwo omwe akufuna kukhala ndi galasi kapena awiri a vinyo;
- Pulatifomu yamasewera okangalika, ndipo ngati kukula kwake kulola, ndiye ngakhale malo ocheperako;
- Malo owonera makanema.
M'zipinda zing'onozing'ono, muyenera kudzipezera malo amodzi kapena awiri ofunikira kwambiri. Zokongoletsa za holo yapansi zimatha kuwonjezeredwa ndi malo ozizira amoto ndi chitofu choyatsira nkhuni. Amawoneka okongola kwambiri m'zipinda zokongoletsedwa kalembedwe kodziwika bwino ka chalet. Zipinda zam'chipindazi ndizofotokozera nyumba yogona yomwe yatayika ku Alps, kutali ndi dziko lotanganidwa. Chalet imakonda nkhuni, zikopa za nyama (kutsanzira), mitundu ya bulauni-uchi. Zachidziwikire, kalembedwe ka Alpine ndi kovuta kukhazikitsa popanda mawindo oyang'ana kumapiri, koma amalipidwa ndi magawo abodza komanso nyali zambiri zamitundu yosavuta. Malo ozimitsira moto ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa cheletilo. Amakongoletsedwa ndi zomangamanga kapena njerwa, ndipo zitseko zamoto zimakongoletsedwa ndi zomata zokongola kapena zokongoletsa, zomwe zimawoneka pakukongoletsa kwa makoma ndi nsalu. Chonde dziwani kuti sipayenera kukhala mitundu yambiri, monotony imapambana pachipinda.
Nyumba zisudzo
M'nyumba zazing'ono, chipinda chapansi chapansi nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi kanema wa kanema. Makanema amawonedwa palimodzi pamitundu yayikulu "plasma" yazithunzi zazikulu, komanso pakhoma loyera pogwiritsa ntchito pulojekiti. Njira yotsirizayi imagwirizana ndi kalembedwe ka retro. Kukhala pansi kumapangidwa m'njira zingapo:
- Mipando imodzi m'mizere;
- Mipando yokwanira yokhala ndi mipando yodziwika bwino, monga m'makanema enieni;
- Masofa angapo adayikidwanso.
Njira yotsirizayi imalola, ngati kuli koyenera, kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda cha zosangalatsa zina, chifukwa chake chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chamtundu wonse. Malo okongoletsera koma apamwamba ndioyenera kuwonetserako makanema.
Laibulale
Chipinda chamkati chaching'ono chimatha kusandutsidwa chipinda chodyera. Ma racks amaikidwa olimba: kuchokera padenga mpaka pansi. Malo osangalatsa owerengera kapena kugwira ntchito amapangidwa pakona. Sofa lofewa lokhala ndi mapilo angapo, tebulo ndi nkhuku zingapo ndizokwanira alendo. Ngati mungaganize zoyika chuma chanu chonse m'mabuku apansi, ndiye kuti samalirani kwambiri polimbana ndi chinyezi. Popita nthawi, mapepala amatha "pachimake" pamawu oyipa, ndipo mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chotaya laibulale yanu yonse.
Chipinda chosewerera ana
Chipinda chogona ndi mphatso kwa eni nyumba "kindergarten". Mukazikonzekera ndi kukoma, ndiye kuti zidzakhala zovuta kukoka ana kumeneko. Dera limodzi limaperekedwa kuti lithandizire kupanga zinthu: apa amakonzekeretsa matebulo okhala ndi mipando ndi chikombole ndi maseti ojambula, kutengera, kujambula nkhuni, kumakongoletsa kapena kupanga luso. Dera lina limapangidwira masewera olimbitsa thupi: hockey ya tebulo, tenisi, twister, trampoline, dziwe lokhala ndi mipira, kukwera miyala, mivi ya ana. Gawo lachitatu lidzakhala ndi malo opumulira ana ndi malo owonera makolo. Tsamba lina nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi nthano ya atsikana: yokhala ndi nyumba zazing'ono, mitengo yokumba ndi zina za "ufumu wa maloto". Anyamata amapatsidwa mwayi wosangalala ndi omanga komanso mipikisano yamagalimoto munjira zapadera.
Kolimbitsira Thupi
Zipinda zapansi zogona ndizabwino pokonzekera masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kwa okhala m'nyumba zazing'ono, malotowa sangakwaniritsidwe, koma eni nyumba zakumayiko amapatsidwa mwayi wapadera kuti amasulire m'nyumba zawo. Chipindacho chinali chokongoletsedwa pang'ono, osapulumutsa pamagalasi.Monga pa masewera olimbitsa thupi enieni, payenera kukhala zochuluka kuti munthu athe kuwona osati zotsatira za ntchito yathupi, komanso madera ovuta omwe akuyenera kugwirabe ntchito. Mukayika zida zolimbitsa thupi, onaninso mtunda woyenera pakati pawo kuti mupewe kuvulala.
Pansi
Chipindacho chingasinthidwe posungira nkhaka kapena mavinyo opangidwa kunyumba. Kwa omaliza, kalembedwe ka dziko ndi koyenera. Mchitidwewu, womwe udabadwira kumadera akumidzi aku America, umakonda mawonekedwe olimba komanso mitundu yambiri ya "Woody". Makoma amalizidwa ndi njerwa zokongoletsera, chandeliers zimapachikidwa kuchokera padenga pamaketani okongoletsera, ndipo zotengera zamagalasi zopanda kanthu zimasungidwa m'miphika. Palinso tebulo lokoma ndi mipando yofananira. Ngati mukufuna kusunga zipatso ndi chakudya m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, ndiye kuti mutha kusunga ndalama mukamaliza. Kutentha mchipinda chino sikofunikira; mpweya wabwino wachilengedwe ndiokwanira. Mukasungira mitsuko yamatotolo, yesani mashelufu amitengo mokomera anzawo achitsulo. Kuonjezera moyo wa otsiriza, nkhani yokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza zoteteza ku dzimbiri.
Machitidwe amisiri
Poyamba, zipinda zapansi zimapangidwa kuti zizilumikizana. Malo opopera madzi amaikidwa mchipinda chino ngati eni ake alumikizidwa ndi gwero lodziyimira lokha lamadzi. Kutentha kwa gasi kapena kwamagetsi, komwe kumawotcha nyumba yonse, kumayikidwanso pano, ngati gulu lamagetsi lokhala ndi mapulagi. Makina amisiri samakhala m'chipinda chonse chapansi. Ngati ili ndi malo okhala, amakhala ndi mpanda kuchipinda ndi magawano kapena khoma lokongoletsera kuti asawononge mawonekedwe onse.
Kukumba chapansi nokha si lingaliro labwino.
Kukumba pansi pa nyumba yomwe yamangidwa kale ndi kowopsa. Ngakhale si akatswiri onse omwe angagwire ntchito yotere. Poyamba, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti chapansi ndi gawo la maziko. Zimapangidwa panthawi yopanga. Zochita zokha zimadzaza ndi kupotoza kapena kuwononga nyumba komweko. Nyumba zamatabwa zitha kugwedezeka ndipo zomwe njerwa zimatha kusweka. Makoma azipinda zapansi nthawi zambiri amakhala kupitilizabe kwa maziko, omwe amayikidwa m'manda, ndiye kuti chipinda ndi maziko a nyumbayi ndizimodzi. Ndikosavuta komanso ndalama zambiri kulipira zowonjezera malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwakumanga kuposa kupereka ndalama zokwanira kwa akatswiri kuti abwezeretse nyumba yomwe yawonongeka ndi ma earthworks.
Mapeto
Mapangidwe apansi amasankhidwa mumitundu yofananira yam'zipinda wamba. Poyerekeza ndi iwo, chipinda, m'malo mwake, chimangopambana, chifukwa nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi magawo osangalatsa omwe amatha kutayidwa momasuka.
Mwachilengedwe, zokongoletsera mulimonsemo zimakhala zodula, koma kukonzanso chipinda chomwe chilipo ndikotsika mtengo kuposa kuwonjezera chatsopano mnyumbayo. Chipinda chapansi chimatsegula mwayi wokwanira kwa eni: ndichosiyanasiyana ndipo chimathandizira malingaliro aliwonse okonzekera.
