Zinthu zamkati, ngakhale zapamwamba kwambiri, zimataya chidwi chawo pakapita nthawi. Paphokoso la moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa imvi, anthu amasiya kuwalabadira, ndipo zikafika pakusintha kapangidwe kake, amayesa kusintha zinthu zakale ndi zatsopano. Komabe, bajeti sikukuthandizani kuti musinthe kapangidwe kake, kuti mupatse makoma, mipando, zitseko, mawindo azenera. Zikatero, kukongoletsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, mafunso okhudzana ndi kumata kabati ndi kanema wodziyimira payokha, momwe mungakongoletse mashelufu, magalasi, magalasi, ndi zinthu zina zimakhala zofunikira.
Mawonekedwe:
Kanema wodziyimira payokha wogwiritsidwa ntchito popaka zinthu za mipando ndichinthu chapadera chopangidwa kuchokera ku polyester, polyvinyl chloride, propylene. Kumbali imodzi, ili ndi mapangidwe okongoletsera monga mawonekedwe, mtundu, kapangidwe, mbali inayo, ili ndi zomata zotetezedwa ndi pepala, zomwe zimachotsedwa musanadziphatike. Zogulitsazo zimapangidwa m'mizere ngati mapepala azithunzi, koma palibe guluu wofunikila kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yopanga matekinoloje azinthu: calendering ndi kuponyera. Poyamba, kanemayo amapangidwa ndikugubuduza chisakanizo cha pulasitiki kudzera pama roll angapo amoto. M'buku lachiwiri, pulasitiki yopanda utoto, yoyera imasungunuka m'masungunulo ndikutsanulira pagawo lapadera. Pambuyo popanga zowonjezerapo zingapo, zinthu zopepuka zochepa zimapezeka.
Kutengera ndi njira yopangira, masanjidwe amodzi ndi awiri amasanjika amadziwika. Malinga ndi mtundu wa mawonekedwe apamwamba, pali zonyezimira, matte, magalasi, zowonekera, zosankha za holographic. Zogulitsazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kubafa. Amatha kulumikizidwa kumalo ogwira ntchito kukhitchini, mipando, firiji, mawindo, zitseko. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito zomata zapadera zopangidwa ndi zomwezo zokongoletsera.
Nsalu zimatha kugwira ntchito yoteteza komanso yokongoletsa. Amatha kuteteza pamwamba pazotsatira zoyipa za chinyezi, kupewa kukopa kwa tchipisi.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Kanemayo amakulolani kuti mukonzenso bwino mipando, ndipo maluso apadera safunika kugwira nawo ntchito. Chifukwa cha mitundu yambiri yamitundu, mitundu, zithunzi, mutha kusankha chinsalu choyenera chakunja kwa chipinda chogona, pabalaza, panjira, nazale, ofesi. Zomwe zafikidwazo zatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha zabwino zake, zomwe ndi izi:
- Mtengo wotsika. Kukongoletsa kumawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa kugula zinthu zatsopano.
- Kukonzanso mkati. Mothandizidwa ndi zinthuzo, nthawi zambiri mumatha kusintha kapangidwe ka chipinda chilichonse.
- Easy msonkhano ndi disassembly. Aliyense akhoza kugwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ndikuchotsa chinsalu, popanda zida zina zowonjezera.
- Kuyeretsa kosavuta. Kuyeretsa pamwamba kumatha kuchitika ndi siponji yokhazikika ndi madzi.
- Zambiri. Mitundu yambiri yamitundu ndi mawonekedwe amapangitsa kuti zizogulitsidwa zamakatalogu zizigwirizana konsekonse.
- Kukaniza chinyezi. Chinsalucho sichimalola kuti madzi adutse, chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale kukhitchini komanso kubafa, koma sichitha kunyowetsa kwakanthawi.
- Kukaniza mankhwala am'nyumba. Poyeretsa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zothira wamba.
- Kulimbana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha. Kanemayo samawopa kuzizira kapena kutentha, ngakhale kutentha kwadzidzidzi kumasintha.
Monga zinthu zina zilizonse, zodzipangira zokha sizili ndi zopinga:
- Kusokonekera. Moyo wautumiki ngakhale wamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri sungapitirire zaka zisanu.
- Kutulutsa. Popita nthawi, mothandizidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, zimawotcha, zimataya mawonekedwe ake apachiyambi.
- Kukonzekera kwapamwamba. Maziko oyika ayenera kukhala ofanana, apo ayi zolakwika zonse ndi zosayenerera zidzawonekera.
- Kutsika kwa abrasion kochepa. M'malo mwamikangano yogwira, zotchinga zidzasisitidwa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yamafilimu a mipando
Mafilimu osiyanasiyana ndi akulu kwambiri. Amasiyana pamapangidwe, kapangidwe, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe. Zomalizidwa zimakhala ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zitatu:
- Kunja. Itha kukhala polyvinyl chloride, propylene, polyester. Chofala kwambiri ndi mitundu ya vinyl. Amadziwika ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo komanso moyo wautali.
- Kleeva. Amagwiritsa ntchito kumata chinsalu kumtunda, komwe kumatha kukhala pafupifupi chilichonse - matabwa, chipboard, MDF, chipboard, matailosi a ceramic, galasi, chitsulo, pulasitiki.
- Kuteteza. Choperekedwa ndi kanema wosanjikiza kapena pepala, zomwe zimachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo musanayambe ntchito.
Monga tanena kale, mitundu yolembedwa kalembedwe ndi jekeseni imasiyanitsidwa malinga ndi njira yopangira. Ndi kapangidwe: wosanjikiza wosanjikiza komanso wosanjikiza kawiri. Koma kapangidwe kazinthuzo kangakhale kosiyanasiyana. Itha kutsanzira nkhuni zamitundumitundu, miyala yachilengedwe komanso yosinthidwa, zomangamanga ndi matailosi a ceramic, nsalu, zowonetsa zithunzi ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana.
Makanema achikuda a mipando
Zojambula za PVC zodzikongoletsera ndi njira yabwino yokongoletsera ndikukonzanso mipando. Ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe. Zinthuzo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupaka makabati akale, makabati, mipando, matebulo, mashelufu, kuwapatsa moyo watsopano, kusintha pang'ono kapangidwe ka chipinda. Komabe, musanagwiritse ntchito, m'pofunika kukonzekera pamwamba, kuti ikhale yosalala bwino.
Chisankho cha njira inayake chimadalira chipinda. Chifukwa chake, mitundu ya monochromatic yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiyabwino kukongoletsa masewera a ana ndi khitchini. Chinsalu chotsanzira mwala chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa malo ozimitsira moto. Kuti mukongoletse chipinda chogona ndi chipinda chochezera, mutha kusankha malo omwe amatsanzira nsalu zachilengedwe monga velor ndi velvet kuti muwonjezere kufewetsa kwa ziwiya.
Mafilimu azovala zovala, magalasi ndi magalasi
Luso lokongoletsa magalasi ndi magalasi okhala ndi makanema limakupatsani mwayi wokulitsa kuthekera kwamapangidwe, kuti mupatse chinthucho payekha komanso chapadera. Chovala chodzikongoletsera chimakhala ngati chitetezo chapamwamba ku ming'alu ndi kuphwanya zidutswa, komanso zokongoletsera zamkati. Pogwira ntchito, timagwiritsa ntchito utoto, magalasi, komanso zinthu zokongoletsa ndi ziwembu.
Mitundu yamitundu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupenta chipinda chowonekera chamagalasi. Mothandizidwa ndi mitundu yamagalasi odetsedwa, mawonekedwe osangalatsa amapangidwa, pomwe zinthuzo zimawonekera bwino. Mafilimu okongoletsera, pokhala ndi kuwala kowala bwino, amathandizira kubisa pang'ono kapena kwathunthu zomwe zili mu kabati, kapena kutseka mawindo, kuyika magalasi pamakomo kuti asayang'ane.
Momwe mungasankhire
Opanga amapanga mafilimu osiyanasiyana odziyimira pawokha. Msikawu umapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yomwe imasiyana osati pamtengo wokha, komanso pazakuthupi ndi mtundu. Ndikofunika kusankha zokonda za PVC kapena akiliriki; polyethylene iyenera kutayidwa. Muyeneranso kutsatira malangizo awa:
- Miyeso yoyambirira. Musanapite kukagula, muyenera kuyeza malo omwe mutalembapo. Muyenera kutenga zinthu ndi malire ochepa, chifukwa ngakhale kuchokera kwa wopanga m'modziyo kanemayo amasiyana pamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
- Mkhalidwe wazogulitsa. Musanagule, chinsalucho chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mozama. Pasapezeke zolakwika kumtunda.
- Kampani ndi dziko lochokera. Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa kwa makampani otsimikizika. Mutha kudzidziwitsa nokha ndi zopangidwa kale, werengani ndemanga za iwo.
- Makulidwe. Chowonda chazogulitsacho, chimafupikitsa moyo wake wantchito. Pogulitsa mungapeze mitundu yochepera 0,1 mm.
- Mgwirizano pazakagwiritsidwe. Pa bafa ndi khitchini, muyenera kusankha nsalu zogwirizana ndi zipindazi. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zikwangwani zapadera.
- Zosiyanasiyana. Makampani okhala ndi dzina amapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimatsimikizira kufunika kwake komanso mtunduwo.
- Mitundu, mitundu, mawonekedwe amasankhidwa molingana ndi mkatimo, mawonekedwe amtunduwo sayenera kutsutsana ndi kapangidwe kamene kali kale. Ngati pali duwa lokongola mufilimuyo, iyenera kulowa mkati.
Momwe mungaphimbe mipando ndi Kanema wokutetezani
Zomata zokha zimatha kulumikizidwa ndi mipando ndi malo ena aliwonse. Chovala chokongoletsera chotere chimakhala chida chabwino kwambiri chobwezeretsa ndipo ndichotetezera chabwino chotetezera. Kutengera mtundu wa chinthucho ndi cholinga chake, sankhani mtundu wa kanema. Chovala choyera cha mafuta chimasindikiza zikanda zazing'ono; galasi, zokutira ndi mawonekedwe ojambula ndizoyenera. Ndikosavuta kugwira ntchito yomata ndi manja anu, ndikwanira kuti mudziwe njira ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsera.
Zida zofunikira ndi zida
Ngati mungaganize zogwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsera kuti muyang'ane mipando yakale kukhitchini, nazale kapena chipinda chogona, muyenera kukonzekera zida zogwirira ntchito pasadakhale. Kudzikongoletsa kumakwaniritsidwa m'mizingo ndipo kumabwera mosiyanasiyana. Palibe guluu wofunikira kuti utetezeke kumtunda. Muyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Yambitsani kukonza kumangiriza kwa malo onsewo;
- Zosungunulira;
- Zidutswa za nsalu yofewa yosalala;
- Thovu wodzigudubuza kuchotsa mpweya;
- Mpeni waofesi kapena lumo lochepa.
Mipando yokonzekera pamwamba
Zida zilizonse zokhala ndi zomata zimangodalira malo otsukidwa bwino. Fumbi lonse liyenera kuchotsedwa patebulo la khitchini, tebulo kapena kabati pabalaza, yochepetsedwa ndi madzi okhala ndi mowa ndikuuma. Zowonjezera grout zimafunikira pamatabwa, nsalu za nsalu ndi zinthu za chipboard. Chojambula kapena choyika chapadera chimalola kanemayo kukhala kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kupititsa patsogolo kulumikizana kwa kanemayo pazitsulo kapena magalasi, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Utoto, zotsalira za zokongoletsa zakale ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Zinthu za konkriti siziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zojambulazo. Pamalo oterowo, choyamba muyenera kupaka utoto wamafuta. Ming'alu ndi tchipisi ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi pulasitala.
Kusakaniza kwa kudzaza mipata ndi malo osalala kuyenera kukhala ndi latex yaulere. Mafilimu a vinyl samamatira pazinthu zopangidwa motere.
Kukonzekera mafilimu ndi kudula
Masikono odziyimira pazokha osiyanasiyana amapangidwa. Kumbuyo kwa gawo lotetezera lililonse, pali chikhomo chapadera chomwe chimapangitsa kudula ndi koyenera kukhala kosavuta. Ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi ngati chinsalu chimakhala chimodzimodzi. Ndi bwino kudula kanema wa matailosi kapena ndi cholozera kuchokera kutsogolo kuti musasokoneze chithunzi cha chithunzicho.
Pocheka, gwiritsani ntchito mpeni kapena lumo wonola bwino. Kuti mupeze mzere wabwino, gwiritsani ntchito wolamulira wautali. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kupanikizana ndikuweramitsa kanemayo kuti muchepetse; zidzakankhika bwino.
Ntchito yodziyimira yokha padziko
Pali zosankha zingapo ndi malingaliro ogwiritsa ntchito kanemayo pamwamba. Kusankha koyenera kumadalira mtundu wa kuthandizira ndi mpukutu wa vinyl wokha. Njira yosavuta ndikungochotsa zodzitchinjiriza ndikukanikiza kanemayo pang'onopang'ono. Gawo lomasulidwalo limagwiritsidwa ntchito kumtunda, kukanikizidwa ndi mpweya kuthamangitsidwa. Kusuntha kogwira mtima kwambiri kuchokera pakati mpaka mbali, kuchokera pakati mpaka kutsogolo. Gawo lina lokutira likakhazikika, pepala lotsala limatulutsidwa, ntchito yochotsa mpweya imabwerezedwa.
Ngati thovu la mpweya limapangidwa atalumikizidwa, timadula tating'ono timapangidwa m'malo amenewa ndipo zimakanikizika pansi. Ngati mawonekedwe azinthu ndizokulirapo, muyenera kuwunika pafupipafupi. Ming'alu sayenera kupanga m'malo awa. Ngati kusinthana mwangozi kapena kupezeka kwa ngodya, kanemayo amadziphatika ndi kulumikizana. Mzere wochulukirapo umadulidwa ndi mpeni wachipembedzo pamzere wachitsulo.
Makhalidwe apangidwe la ngodya ndi kanema
Njira yotsogola yolumikizira imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza makona ozungulira. Pankhaniyi, Kutentha ndi yofunika kwambiri. Pakhola, kanemayo amatenthedwa ndi chopangira tsitsi, amakoka kuti akwaniritse ngodya yotchinga kapena malo oyenera mu concave. Zipangizo zabwino za vinyl zimatha kukoka mosasunthika pakona yapa tebulo. Poterepa, simuyenera kudula. Zidzakhala zokwanira kuchotsa mosamala zochulukirapo ndi mpeni.
Ngati palibe kuthekera kotentha, mutha kumata zojambulazo pamakona ozungulira. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kulumikiza vinilu m'mbali mwammbali ndikukulunga chinsalu. Pakona pomwepo, filimuyo imadulidwa, kuthamanga pang'ono kwa mamilimita angapo kumapangidwa.
Zolakwa Zomwe Muyenera Kuzipewa
Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, ma nuances ena amayenera kukumbukiridwa mukamadzipangira nokha zomata pazipando. Ndikofunika kupewa zolakwikazi:
- Zinthuzo ziyenera kudulidwa ndi malire ochepa;
- Kotero kuti pambuyo polemba, zolakwika sizimawoneka. Pamalo aliwonse ayenera kukonzekera bwino;
- Kanemayo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo oyera, osalala komanso owuma;
- Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tilekanitse masikono akulu okha ndi zolemba zamkati. Ngati 3D yasindikizidwa kapena kujambulidwa, ndikofunikira kupanga zolemba kutsogolo pasadakhale.
Momwe mungasamalire malo omata
Mipando yokutidwa ndi zojambulazo imapukutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza kapena kutsukidwa ndi madzi a sopo. Masiponji okhazikika amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma osati achitsulo. Ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo apanyumba. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kukanikiza mwamphamvu ndikupaka pamwamba mukamatsuka.
Dothi lovuta limachotsedwa ndi mowa wa ethyl. Zomatira zomata m'mphepete mwa kanemayo zimachotsedwa ndi chinkhupule chofewa choviikidwa m'madzi ofunda. Zokutira Velor zokongoletsa amafunikira chisamaliro chofewa kwambiri.
Kanema wodziyimira wekha pokonzanso zitseko
Pa gawo loyamba, chitseko chimakonzedwa kuti chidutsike. Potsatira malangizo awa pang'onopang'ono, mutha kugwira ntchitoyi nokha m'maola ochepa:
- Chodetsa. Tumizani miyeso yoyesa kale ya chitseko kumbuyo kwa kanema. Chifukwa cha millimeter grid pazotetezera, ntchito imatha kuchitidwa mwaluso kwambiri;
- Dulani mpukutu wa vinyl. Mosamalitsa molingana ndi chodetsa, timadula magawo a mulingo woyenera komanso ndi m'mbali mwake;
- Timagwiritsa ntchito chidutswa chimodzi cha filimu kumtunda kwa chitseko, patulani pepala losanjikiza, pezani, sankhani;
- Pang'onopang'ono chotsani chitetezo ndikutsamira vinyl womata pamwamba. Kenako timayeserera ndi spatula ya labala, ndikuchotsa mosamala ma thovu amlengalenga;
- Pamapeto pake timakulunga zomata zotsalira ndikudula zochulukirapo. Kuphatikizana kuyenera kusungidwa pang'ono.
Kutsiliza
Zodzikongoletsera mipando ndi njira yabwino yokongoletsera. Zomwe ndalama zimatha kubisa kuwonongeka, zimapereka mawonekedwe okongoletsa kuzinthu zakale zokalamba. Zinthu zonse zimakhalabe zamphamvu komanso zodalirika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito vinilu m'mizere yopangira zinthu zilizonse, kukongoletsa malo osiyana siyana.
