Matailosi a Mose ndiomwe ali m'gulu lakale kwambiri pazovala zonse zomwe zilipo kale. Kutchulidwa koyamba kogwiritsa ntchito kwake kudayamba m'zaka za zana lachisanu BC. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, nthawi yayitali, matekinoloje ambiri asintha, mitundu yambiri yazinthu zomanga yamasulidwa. Komabe, mtundu uwu wazinthu zokongoletsa khoma sutaya kufunika kwake.
Aliyense amene ati akakonze kubafa ayenera kuyankha mafunso ovuta. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusankha njira zofunikira, zabwino kwambiri zokongoletsera makoma mchipinda. Kupanga chisankho choyenera sikophweka chifukwa chinyezi chosambira chimakhala chokwera kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala osagwirizana ndi zotsukira, zoyeretsa. M'nyumba, mwachitsanzo, m'nyumba za Khrushchev, bafa nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi chimbudzi, ndichifukwa chake izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Mosaic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mchimbudzi, kapangidwe kake kamakupatsani mwayi wosiyanasiyana. Imagwira pamakoma amiyala komanso pansi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa malo ozungulira magalasi, ma sinki, malo osambira kapena malo osambiramo.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Masiku ano, anthu ambiri amakonda njira ina kuposa matailosi wamba, okhazikika, osasangalatsa, ndipo amasankha zojambulajambula ngati zomangira zokutira makhoma. Monga mtundu wina uliwonse wokutira, uli ndi maubwino ndi zovuta.
Ubwino:
- Kudalirika;
- Kukula pang'ono kumapangitsa kuti zitha kubweretsa m'moyo malingaliro olimba mtima;
- Zokongoletsa za chithunzi chakunja, zaluso zapangidwe;
- Kusinthasintha - komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa mabafa, kukhitchini, kukongoletsa malo amoto, ma sauna, maiwe osambira, ndi zina zambiri;
- Kugonjetsedwa ndi chinyezi ndi madzi;
- Sataya katundu ndi mawonekedwe akunja mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apanyumba;
- Osachedwa kutopa;
- Kukhazikika;
- Sakusowa chisamaliro chapadera;
- Kubwezeretsa kungachitike popanda zovuta;
- Mosavuta kupirira kusintha kwadzidzidzi mobwerezabwereza kwa kutentha;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito matailosi ang'onoang'ono ndi koyenera kukhazikika, malo okhota omwe amatha kubisika ndi chithandizo chake, poyala niches, arches, recesses, zipilala, ndi zina .;
- Ikuthandizani kuyala zojambula zovuta, zokongola modabwitsa, nyimbo, kuphatikiza ndi matailosi a ceramic, mitundu ina yamapeto;
- Sataya mtundu;
- Yankho labwino kwambiri, mosasamala mtundu wa mawonekedwe. Zimakwanira bwino konkire, pulasitala, putty, matabwa, ndi zina zambiri.
Zoyipa:
- Mtengo wapamwamba wa malonda;
- Mitengo yayikulu yamatayala amtunduwu yomalizidwa ndi akatswiri omaliza;
- Zovuta ndi zovuta za ntchitoyi.
Zida zopangira
Zojambulajambula zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zotsatirazi:
- Clay;
- Thanthwe;
- Galasi;
- Zoumbaumba;
- Wood;
- Zitsulo;
- Smalt.
Nthawi zambiri, opanga amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yopangidwa kuchokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zomwe mungafune kupeza njira yabwino kwambiri, mitundu iliyonse imaphatikizidwa ndi matailosi wamba a ceramic.
Kuti muwonjezere moyo wamautumiki, ikani varnish yopanda utoto pamwamba pa tile.
Mitundu ya mosaic
Gulu lokutira ili m'gulu la zopangira zokha, komanso mtundu wamunsi.
| Mtundu wa maziko | Kufotokozera |
| 1. Gulu. | Chiwerengero china cha zinthu chimakwezedwa pamunsi mwanjira yomwe mukufuna. Zotsatira zake, zimapezeka zofananira zofananira, zomwe zimalumikizidwa kukhoma ngati lalikulu, laling'ono. Ndi mabwalo oterewa ndizosavuta komanso mwachangu kukonza ma bulges, ngodya, ziphuphu, zotuluka mdera lililonse, ndi zina zambiri. Izi ndichifukwa chosinthasintha komanso kusokonekera kwa mauna. |
| 2. Pepala. | Pa matailosi omwe adayikidwa momwe amafunira, pepala limamangiliridwa pamwamba mbali yakutsogolo. Zimathandizira kusunga dongosolo ndi kufanana. Zida zonse zikaikidwa, guluu ndiwuma, muyenera kunyowetsa pepalalo ndi madzi ofunda ndikuchotsa mosamala. |
| 3. Popanda chifukwa. | Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timayikidwa molunjika pakhoma. Zomangamanga zamtunduwu zimachitika kokha ndi omaliza bwino kwambiri. |
Palinso magawo ena amodzi kutengera mawonekedwe: lalikulu, rectangle, chowulungika, mizere yosweka, ndi zina zambiri.
Galasi
Zojambula zamagalasi sizimangogwiritsidwa ntchito m'chipinda chosambira, komanso m'malo ena. Imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri. M'mbuyomu, zinali zosatheka kufikako chifukwa chokwera mtengo.
Malinga ndi chidziwitso chakunja ndi kapangidwe kake, matailosi amafanana ndi magalasi wamba. Kusiyanasiyana kuli mu mphamvu yowonjezera. Zosakaniza zonse zimaphatikizidwa ndi kutentha mpaka kutentha kwakukulu - 1500 C. Kenako misa yosungunuka imagawidwa mwapadera. Mphamvu zazikulu zimatsimikiziridwa ndi ukadaulo wapadera wa kutentha kwakukulu komanso kukula pang'ono.
Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ma oxides azitsulo amaphatikizidwa.
Kukula kwa ntchito
Matailosi ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsidwa ntchito mokongoletsa zimbudzi kapena m'makhitchini. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa makoma mu ma sauna, maiwe osambira, akasupe.
Ubwino:
- magalasi osankhidwa angapo amitundu yosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mitundu yakuthupi yomwe imapangidwa. Mwa mitundu yamagalasi mutha kupeza mitundu yopanda utoto, yowala kapena mitundu yakuda, gloss, ndi ena ambiri;
- kukana kuberekana kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, bowa ndi nkhungu;
- mkulu mphamvu ya matailosi;
- kukana chinyezi komanso kusintha kwa nyengo yotentha. Imalekerera mosavuta chisanu chosalekeza komanso kutentha;
- kusinthasintha. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma onse ndi pansi;
- mtengo wotsika.
Zoumbaumba
Njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ndizofanana ndi matailosi a ceramic ochepetsedwa. Pamwambapa mutha kukhala wosalala, wolimba, kukhala ndi abrasions, kuyika kwamitundu ina. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mabwalo amafunidwa kwambiri.
Ubwino:
- safuna chisamaliro chapadera;
- kugonjetsedwa ndi othandizira kuyeretsa;
- mphamvu ndi kulimba;
- kukana chinyezi ndi kutentha kumasintha;
- mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imakupatsani mpata wozindikira malingaliro osakonzekereratu.
Smalt
Zoterezi zimapangidwa ndikanikiza magalasi amitundu yambiri ndi utoto. Pali mitundu yachilendo - golide, turquoise, buluu, kapena yapamwamba - yoyera, yakuda, yachikasu, imvi, beige, ndi zina zambiri. Unyinji wake umakhala "wokazinga" kutentha kwambiri.
Ubwino:
- sataya katundu wake chifukwa chothandizidwa ndi mankhwala owopsa;
- amalekerera mosavuta chinyezi komanso kutentha;
- phale lokongola modabwitsa, lowala;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
- amapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe azinthu zazing'ono, zidutswa zonse zazikulu.
Zovuta
- mtengo wokwera. Zimafotokozedwa ndi zovuta komanso mtengo wokwera pakupanga.
Mothandizidwa ndi mitundu iyi, opanga amapanganso mapanelo amakono aposachedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, mapepala olimba amagawika mzidutswa za kukula komwe mukufuna pogwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera. Ndi akatswiri okha omwe amatha kugwira ntchito yamtunduwu.
Mwala wachilengedwe
Titha kunena kuti iyi ndi njira yosankhira bajeti, kupatula mabulo.
Aliyense ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito miyala yamiyala yosankhidwa pamanja pagombe lililonse.
Wopangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamwala. Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya zinthu, zinthu zosaneneka, zosasintha mosiyanasiyana zimapezeka. Mwalawo ukhoza kupukutidwa, kupukutidwa, kudulidwa.
Ubwino:
- kuvala kukana;
- mphamvu, kulimba;
- kukana mankhwala apanyumba;
- kukana kusintha kwa kutentha.
Kukula kwa ntchito
Mapangidwe amiyala amiyala adapeza momwe amagwirira ntchito panjira zawo, pokongoletsa makoma azimbudzi, zenera, zenera zapakhitchini ndi zina zambiri. Zachilendo zimakhala m'chilengedwe, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, mitundu ndi mithunzi.
Zojambula, zokongoletsera, zomvera
Chifukwa cha zazing'ono zazithunzi, mutha kupanga mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mapanelo. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito nayo ikufanana ndi masamu. Mtundu winawake kapena chodzikongoletsera chimayikidwapo pamatailidwe chimodzimodzi. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zoyikira matailosi:
- Zinthu zamatayala zimayikidwa nthawi yomweyo pansi, pamakoma;
- Matailowa amayikidwa koyamba pamiyala yapadera, kenako pamtunda.
Ena amagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo ndi mapulani okonzeka, pomwe ena amadzipangira okha, amapanga zokongoletsa. Kuyika ndikotheka osayang'ana mtundu winawake kapena kachitidwe.
Mafelemu a Mose nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mchimbudzi - zamagalasi, mashelufu, ndi zinthu zina. Kapangidwe ka "kalipeti" pafupi ndi bafa kumawoneka kwachilendo komanso kosangalatsa. Niches ndi mashelufu opangidwa mwanjira iyi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri. M'zipinda zazikulu zosambira, zojambula zonse zimapangidwa, zosonyeza mathithi oyenda, mitsinje yozizira, nyama, ma dolphin, ndi zojambula zina. Itha kungokhala yophiphiritsa kapena yokongoletsa.
Kwa bafa, malankhulidwe ena amtambo, buluu, turquoise amadziwika kwambiri. Zimayimira kupitirira kwamadzi, mafunde am'nyanja.
Zosankha zoyambira
- Kupanda kachitidwe kena.
Palibe chithunzi, palibe chithunzi. Zigawo zimayikidwa mwanjira iliyonse. Pakhoza kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu.
- Chithunzi.
Imodzi mwa njira zopweteka kwambiri komanso zowononga nthawi. Ikhoza kukhala chiwonetsero cha ntchito yovuta zaluso. Amafuna luso. Chithunzicho chimasonkhanitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, molunjika. Kuti musalakwitse, muyenera kutsatira dongosololi mosamala kwambiri.
- Sindikizani chidutswa.
Ndikosavuta kuti muzipanga nokha zotere. Mukungoyenera kusankha chinthu chosavuta chomwe chidzabwerezedwa mwadongosolo. Kungakhale funde, mikwingwirima, ndi zina zambiri.
- Madontho akulu.
Chithunzi chachikulu chimayikidwa maziko olimba.
- Zithunzi zojambula.
Kukhazikika kosavuta kwamitundu ingapo.
Pamwamba kusinthasintha
Zokongoletsa zazokhota, zotsekemera, kapena zotumphuka zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ena mosiyana ndi zokongoletsa zapansi.
Maunawo amatengedwa ngati maziko azithunzi zazithunzi.
Zoyang'ana moyikidwazo zaikidwa pamaziko osinthasintha molingana. Ngati mukufuna kukonzanso nokha ntchito iyi, mutha kuwonera vidiyoyi pa intaneti.
Ngati zojambula zoterezi ndizokometsera dziwe kapena bafa, sankhani mitundu yamagalasi kapena ceramic. Kugwiritsa ntchito matailosi oterowo pamwamba pa malo osambiramo ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri komanso yotenga nthawi chifukwa chochepa ndi mawonekedwe osalala, ozungulira.
Kuyika matayala kuyenera kuyambitsidwa kuchokera m'malo athyathyathya.
Mukamaliza kumaliza pamalo athyathyathya, mutha kupita patsogolo popindika ndi kukulira. Malo okhala ndi ngodya adayikidwa kuchokera pamwamba pakona mpaka mbali.
Mukamagwira ntchito ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana, kuzungulira, ngodya, simungathe kuchita popanda chida chomwe chidzagawa matailosiwo mbali zina. Ichi ndi chopukusira chomwe mungagawire mankhwala onse ndi mchenga m'mbali mwake.
Kuwerengera kwa ma curve kumatenga nthawi yayitali komanso miyezo, yoyenera. Zokongoletsa zonse zamitundu iliyonse ndi mawonekedwe azibwera moyenera pano.
Njira yolumikizira masking imagwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira, osati mozungulira, ngati molunjika.
Kukumana ndi zinthu zazing'ono
Madera ang'onoang'ono ndi ovuta kuyala ndi zojambulajambula. Zolakwika zonse pantchitoyo zidzawoneka pomwepo. Ndikofunikira kutsitsa pamwamba musanayambe ntchito. Ndi bwino kuyamba kuyala matailosi kuyambira pakati mpaka m'mphepete. Samalani kwambiri mizere yoyamba. Tengani nthawi yanu m'mphepete, yesani mosamala, yang'anani, kapena kuwona zidutswa zoyenera.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana posankha zojambulajambula
Onetsetsani kuti mukuwona komwe mungagwiritse ntchito izi. Pansi, zojambulazo zimadziwika ndi chithunzi ngati mawonekedwe. Ndi cholimba komanso chosazembera. Onetsetsani kuti zakuthupi zikhala zosagwirizana ndi mankhwala am'nyumba - ichi ndiye chithunzi cha phukusi loyesera. Ganizirani za khalidwe. Pali mitundu ingapo ya zojambulajambula. Yoyamba imadziwika ndi zofiira, yachiwiri ndi ya buluu, ndipo yachitatu ndi yobiriwira. Werengani kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunika. Zimatengera kukula kwa mawonekedwe omwe mudzakongoletse. Muyenera kugula matailosi ochulukirapo kuposa momwe mukufunira.
Nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira
Mosaic ndiwodziwika komanso wothandiza masiku ano. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mkati mwa zipinda m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri tinthu ting'onoting'ono ta matailosi sagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba mokha, komanso m'malo amunthu.
M'zipinda zosambiramo, mipando ndi zinthu zamkati zili ndi mafelemu, makoma ndi pansi zimayikidwa, zoyala zimayalidwa, malo osambira okha, mabacteria osambira.
Kakhitchini, apuloni amapangidwa, malo odyera kapena malo ogwirira ntchito amasankhidwa, malo owerengera ndi zenera zimapangidwa.
Mabafa, ma sauna, maiwe, malo amoto, akasupe amakongoletsedwa ndi zojambulajambula.
Mosaic ndi mtundu wa zokutira nthawi zonse. Mutasankha mwanjira yabwino, chipinda chakumbudzi chofanana ndi mafashoni azaka zambiri.
Kupadera kwake ndikuti zitsanzo ngati izi zitha kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zilizonse zomwe zilipo. Izi zitha kukhala mbale zakale, zinthu zamagalasi, zadothi, matailosi akale, ndi zinthu zina zambiri. Konzani pasadakhale mamangidwe amkati omwe adzakwaniritsidwa kumapeto. Jambulani papepala. Ndipo pitirizani! Konzani matayala amtunduwu ndi manja anu, pangani ndikuyerekeza.
