Zamakono nthawi zina zimatchedwanso "zamakono zamakono". Mtunduwu ndiwophatikizika mwanzeru pazinthu zopepuka komanso malingaliro ochepa omwe akhala otchuka kwambiri posachedwa. Tikhoza kunena kuti zamakono zinawonekera pa mabwinja a zachikale. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazi, Dziko Lakale lidakumbukiridwa ndi funde lofalitsa mbiri. Izi zimadziwika ndi kukopera kwenikweni zamkati zomwe zinali zapamwamba m'mbuyomu. M'malo mwake, uwu ndi mtundu wa "agogo-agogo" a mphesa ndi retro. Panalinso zosankha zoyambirira zosakanikirana kwamkati, koma kapangidwe kake kankafuna mpweya wabwino. Mosiyana ndi mbiri yakale, zamakono zakhala ngati zatsopano komanso zachilendo. Malangizowo adapangidwa mu Albion yautsi. Anali mayi wachikulire ku England yemwe adatipatsa olemba ndakatulo, olemba, opanga, ojambula zithunzi ndi okonza mapulani omwe adakhala makolo amakono. Chikoka champhamvu pachiyambi chake chinali chikhalidwe chochita ziwonetsero, pomwe zida zamakono kwambiri zidawonetsedwa, zomwe pambuyo pake zimayambitsidwa mkati. Kapangidwe ka khitchini amakono ndioyenera anthu odekha, osungika omwe sali achilendo pakugwiritsa ntchito yatsopanoyo, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala obatizidwa ndi Conservatism yamkati. Munkhaniyi, tikambirana zamomwe tingapangire chipinda chino moyenera komanso zomwe zimabisalira zikopa za "zamakono".
Zosiyana ndi kalembedwe
Zamakono kuchokera pamitundu ina zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe angapo omwe amakupatsani mwayi wopanga mawonekedwe apadera amkati. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zamalangizo ndizo:
- Kuphatikiza kwa angularity ndi mizere yoyenda ndi ngodya zozungulira, pomwe mawonekedwe am'kati mwake amakhala.
- Kuchuluka kwa nsalu.
- Kuchuluka kwa ukadaulo wamakono, womwe umakwanira bwino mu "chimango" chokhwima. Zamakono zidakhala zotsogola za constructivism, zomwe zidadzetsa ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri. Kufanana kwa mitundu itatu iyi kumawoneka pano.
- Kukongoletsa kokha. Pachifukwa ichi, zamakono zili m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi lingaliro la minimalism.
- Kuphatikiza koyambirira komanso kolimba mtima motsutsana ndi mbiri yakale ya zokongoletsa khoma.
- Kuchuluka kwa malo owala, owala omwe amawoneka kuti akuyenda wina ndi mnzake. Chiyambi chamtsogolo chitha kupezeka pano.
- Kugwira ntchito ndi laconicism.
Komanso, Art Nouveau imadziwika ndi malo akulu omwe amalowetsa mpweya mchipinda. Mwambiri, zamkati zimawoneka zokongola, zokongola, koma zazing'ono komanso zoletsa. Zamakono ndizabwino kwa munthu yemwe sakhala mlendo ndi malingaliro amakono, koma amafinyidwa mumachitidwe osasunthika a Conservatism.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa za kalembedwe
Zamakono ndizolimba komanso laconic. Itha kutsutsidwa mosamala ndi Provence wokoma komanso wowoneka bwino kapena chisokonezo chopitilira muyeso. Malangizowa siabwino kwa iwo omwe amakonda malo osangalatsa, okhathamira. Chikhalidwe chamakono, monga minimalism, chidzakhala mwayi weniweni "wokonzanso vutoli" m'malo ang'onoang'ono, pomwe mita iliyonse ndiyofunika kulemera kwake ndi golide. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe owala, mipando yaying'ono, zovuta koma zokongola, kakhitchini kakang'ono kidzawoneka kokulirapo. Ngakhale "wachibale" wapafupi kwambiri wamakono mu "banja" lokongoletsedwa amawerengedwa kuti ndiwachikale, mchitidwewu ulibe kudzikongoletsa komanso kunyada. Apa, mlengi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino osati wenge wokwera mtengo kapena ma ebony apamwamba, komanso pulasitiki, galasi, chitsulo. Mutha kupanga zonse zam'nyumba zamtengo wapatali zanyumba zapamwamba komanso njira yosankhira masitudiyo ocheperako. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti amakono sangalekerere kutsika kotsika mtengo, mawonekedwe ndioposa kalembedwe. Malangizowa alibe magawo okhwima. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamaubwino akulu. Kutengera ndi malamulo wamba, mutha kupanga zolemba za wolemba kukhitchini, zomwe sizingafanane ndi zilizonse. Nthawi yomweyo, musaiwale kuti muyenera kusankha mipando yapadera, yomwe kasinthidwe kake kuyenera kuyimilira motsutsana ndi mbiri yazamkati. Zipangizo zamakono zapanyumba zimakwanira bwino m'makhitchini amakono. Uwu ndi mwayi wina, chifukwa munjira zambiri zachikale, maubwino opita patsogolo ndiukadaulo amafunika kubisidwa mwaluso kuti asawononge mpweya wowona.
Ubwino wina ndi kuchepa kwa nsalu zomwe zimafulumira kutengera fungo la kukhitchini. Eni ake sayenera kutsuka zokongoletsa zambiri nthawi zonse, akumadzipezera nthawi yambiri.
Makina amakono amakono
Pakapangidwe kakhitchini amakono, opanga, monga lamulo, amatengera mitundu yosakanikirana, ndiye kuti, mpweya umakhala "wofunda". Koma malangizowa ndi otseguka kuti ayesedwe. Chiyambi chimachitidwa mwachizolowezi mumithunzi ya pastel shades: yoyera, imvi, phulusa, buluu, beige, pichesi. Mipando nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanitsa amitundu yofiirira: kuyambira mdima wenge mpaka mtedza wofewa. M'makhitchini otakasuka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wakuda kapena mtundu wosakanikirana, pomwe gawo lakumwambalo limapangidwa ndi mithunzi yopepuka ndipo gawo lakumunsi lili mumdima wakuda. Poyesera molimba mtima, azitona, miyala yamchere, yofiirira, yamtambo, yamatcheri komanso laimu kapena wachikaso amawonjezeredwa. Monga lamulo, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a khitchini amapangidwa mumithunzi iyi. Mitundu ya "acid" yagwiritsidwa ntchito posachedwa. Titha kunena kuti ndi mawonekedwe amakono a Art Nouveau, popeza isanalamuliridwe ndi mithunzi yachilengedwe, momwe ogwiritsa ntchito adalimbikitsidwa ndi chilengedwe chozungulira.
Kuyatsa
Ku Art Nouveau, amayesa kuloleza kuwala kwachilengedwe momwe mungathere mchipindacho. Mu kunyezimira kwa dzuwa, mawonekedwe owala ndi owonjezera kuwonjezera kukhitchini. Mawindo nthawi zambiri amakhala okutidwa ndi khungu lodzigudubuza lomwe limakupatsani mwayi kuti musinthe kuyatsa. Chingwe chapakati chokhazikika chimayikidwa padenga. Ngati khitchini imaphatikizidwa ndi malo odyera, ndiye kuti imasinthidwa ndi gulu la nyali zazing'ono zitatu kapena zinayi zomwe zili pamwamba pa tebulo. Classical Art Nouveau sadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kuyatsa kokongoletsa. M'masinthidwe amakono, kukongola kwamkati kumatsimikizidwa ndi nyali zoyikika pafupi ndi denga mozungulira chipinda kapena pamwamba pamutu. Malo ogwirira ntchito ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi zowunikira, zomwe zimafanana ngati kuyatsa kokongoletsa.
Zipangizo ndi njira zomalizira
Makomawo amapindidwa ndi mapepala osavuta a vinyl, okutidwa ndi pulasitala wosagwira chinyezi kapena matailosi a ceramic. Njira yotsirizayi ndiyabwino, popeza zinthuzo zawonjezeka mphamvu ndipo zitha kupitilira chaka chimodzi. M'malo opitilira muyeso, kugwiritsa ntchito mwala wopangira kapena wachilengedwe ndizovomerezeka. Zoumbaumba, linoleum kapena laminate amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza pansi. Njira yotsirizayi, ngakhale ikuwoneka yokongola, siyikhala nthawi yayitali. Yankho lokongoletsa lingakhale kugwiritsa ntchito pansi podziyeseza yomwe imaphatikiza kulimba ndi kukongola chifukwa cha kunyezimira kwapadziko lapansi. Denga limakulungidwa, kupentedwa kapena kansalu kotambasula amasankhidwa. Palibe zomveka zomwe zimapangidwa pamenepo, chifukwa chake amasankha utoto wowoneka bwino. Chovalacho chatsirizidwa ndi matailosi a ceramic, ndipo apa mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, opepuka olumikiza mizere yosalala yomwe ikufanana ndi kusinthana kwa nthambi zamitengo kapena zimayambira maluwa.
M'buku lamakono la Art Nouveau, kugwiritsa ntchito zopingasa zovuta kumaloledwa, komwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chimango, chodzaza ndi mapepala a gypsum board yosagwira chinyezi. Njirayi ndiyofunikira pokhazikitsa khitchini kapena malo odyera mumitundu yonse.
Kusankha mipando
Mipando yamakonoyi imangokhala mawu okongoletsa mu botolo limodzi. Iyenera kusankhidwa mosamala kwambiri, yoyang'ana pamitundu itatu yayikulu:
- Kugwira ntchito;
- Mawonekedwe;
- Zakuthupi.
Mipando iyenera kukhala yabwino. Kukongola kumavutika ndi chitonthozo sikutanthauza zamakono. Mafomu amasankhidwa osazolowereka, opanga, pomwe pali kuphatikiza kwa mizere yosalala ndi ma angles akuthwa. Pazinthu, zosankha zimaperekedwa pazotsanzira zachilengedwe kapena zapamwamba.
Khitchini yakhazikitsidwa
Khitchini iyenera kukhala ndi malo osalala, owala. Palibe mavuto ndi firiji pankhaniyi, koma mipando yonseyo imakutidwa ndi varnish, akiliriki, kanema kapena enamel. M'makhitchini ang'onoang'ono, setiyo imakonzedwa molingana ndi dongosolo laling'ono kapena lofananira. Mabaibulo akuluakulu amagwiritsa ntchito chilumbachi. Art Nouveau wakale amadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa achilengedwe mu mipando. Kusintha kwamakono kwamtunduwu kumakonda pulasitiki yotsika mtengo. Ili ndi mwayi wowonekera: mitundu yambiri yamithunzi yomwe ilibe, yolumikizidwa mumthunzi wa bulauni. Komanso, khitchini yamakono imadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosungira yosakanikirana. Poterepa, theka la mabokosi amabisika kuseri kwa zitseko, pomwe gawo lina limakhala lotseguka. Monga mwalamulo, amayikidwa pazokongoletsa zochepa zamkati.
Chakudya chamasana
Pofuna kukongoletsa malo odyera oyandikana ndi khitchini, malo ogulitsira bar amakhala njira yabwino kwambiri. Ndi chilumba ndi mawonekedwe am'chimake, chovaliracho chimayikidwanso (chimodzi mwazigawo zantchito). Mipando yazitsulo yayitali imakwaniritsa mipandoyo. Pamwamba pake pakhoza kupangidwa ndi pulasitiki wapamwamba kwambiri, galasi kapena mwala (wachilengedwe kapena wotsanzira). Ngati mumakondabe tebulo wamba, mawonekedwe ake ayenera kuchotsedwa pamachitidwe. Sankhani zosankha zozungulira, zazing'ono, kapena zazitali, koma ndimakona ozungulira.
Kapamwamba ka bar ndiyo njira yabwino yothetsera malo ojambulira, pomwe khitchini imalowa mchipinda chochezera.
Nsalu, zokongoletsera ndi zina
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nsalu sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Art Nouveau. Makatani amasankhidwa owala awiri kapena atatu opepuka kuposa utoto wokongoletsa khoma. Amakwaniritsidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosalala tomwe timatulutsa kuwala masana m'chipindacho masana. M'masinthidwe amakono, makatani achi Roma, roller kapena ma Japan amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zokongoletsera ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndikokwanira kupachika wotchi kapena galasi pakhoma, nyumba yojambula zithunzi pakhomo, kapena mipando iwiri. Miphika yosavuta, mbale zoperekera, zopangira nyumba, zotengera zipatso zatsopano, kapena miphika yazonunkhiritsa imayikidwa pamashelufu. Zida zogwirira ntchito (masiko, masipuni, mafosholo, ma whisks) zimatha kupachikidwa pamzere pachitsulo chapadera, chomwe chimakongoletsa thewera ya kukhitchini.
Kutsiliza
Zamakono ndizowonekera konsekonse. Itha kukhazikitsidwa m'chipinda chilichonse cha nyumbayo: chipinda chogona, chipinda chochezera, bafa, pakhonde. Mwina chokhacho chingakhale nazale, pomwe mkati mwake mudzawoneka ngati kosayenera. Pali mitundu iwiri ya Art Nouveau: zachikale komanso zamakono. Yoyamba imakopa kwa mafashoni am'mbuyomu, ndipo yachiwiri ikufanana ndiukadaulo woyengeka kwambiri. Zosankha zonsezi ndizotchuka.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8u8QffP4QFg
