Momwe mungapangire makoma owuma ndi manja anu

Mapepala a Plasterboard atha kuonedwa kuti ndi zomangamanga zapantchito. Kuchokera kwa iwo, mutha kumanga poyatsira moto wabodza, kupanga mipata yolimba, ziphuphu zopindika. Koma nthawi zambiri amakwera kuchokera pamakoma owuma ndi magawano. Nyumba zoterezi zimakupatsani mwayi wosintha mwachangu komanso kosavuta malo ndi magawidwe anyumba kapena nthawi yomweyo mulingo wamakoma ndikutchingira, kudzipatula pakokha ndi phokoso. Zowona, chifukwa chakulimba kwazinthuzo ndi chimango, ngati angafunikire kuyikika, iwo "amadya" malowa. Chifukwa chake, kungakhale kwanzeru kusankha kutsekereza chipinda chogawa ma plasterboard kapena kumaliza makoma onse pokhapokha ndi gawo lalikulu la chipindacho. Ndipo ngati njirayi ikukuyenererani, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe bwino momwe zinthuzo zikufotokozera komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Malangizo ndi malangizo olondola angakuthandizeni kuti muzitha kukhazikitsa bwino bolodi la gypsum ndi manja anu.

Mawonekedwe:

Mutha kumanga khoma la pulasitala pachinthu chilichonse: mnyumba wamba kapena njerwa, nyumba yamiyala. Nyumbazi zitha kupangidwanso m'nyumba zamatabwa, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kumaliza matabwa omaliza ndi matabwa (kusunga mawonekedwe onse) sikungatheke. Mothandizidwa ndi matabwa olemera, udzu wowuma uyamba kuwonongeka. Kukhazikitsa nyumbayo kumatha kuchitika pazithunzi (zopangidwa ndi mbiri yazitsulo kapena slats zamatabwa), komanso m'njira yopanda mawonekedwe. Musanapereke zowuma kumalo, muyenera kusamalira malo osungira. Mutha kuyika zowuma mbali (yayitali) mbali yotsetsereka pang'ono pakhoma. Muthanso kuyiyika pansi, mutatha kupanga kanyumba kakang'ono kuchokera pamatabwa. Njira zotetezera izi zimalepheretsa madzi omwe adatayika mwangozi kuti asafike pa gypsum ndikunyowetsa.

Ubwino ndi zovuta zamakoma a plasterboard

Ubwino wofunikira pogwiritsa ntchito zowumitsira khoma polinganiza makoma kapena kukhazikitsa magawano ndikosavuta kukhazikitsa. Ngakhale pakufunika kupanga chimango, ntchitoyi imachitika mwachangu komanso mosavuta. Ubwino wina wogwiritsa ntchito izi ndi monga:

• kumaliza kukondana ndi mapepala (chifukwa chosowa kwa omanga omwe ali pachiwopsezo);
• kuthekera kokumaliza makoma omangidwa ndi zida zosiyanasiyana;
• mphamvu ya kapangidwe kotsirizidwa;
• kupezeka pamitundu yamitengo (ngakhale mitundu yapadera ya zowuma);
• kukhazikitsidwa kosavuta kwamitundu yosavomerezeka;
• zosavuta kukonza zinthuzo musanagwiritse ntchito;
• kukhala ndi microclimate wamba mchipindamo chifukwa chokwanira kwa mpweya wa gypsum.

Zoyipa zamakoma a gypsum plasterboard (omwe adangotoleredwa kuchokera kuma board a gypsum ndi mbiri) zimaphatikizapo kutchinjiriza kwamawu ochepa. Komanso, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa posungira mapepala. Ndizofooka kwambiri ndipo zitha kuwonongeka ngati zikutsitsa molakwika kapena pamalo osapambana m'chipindacho. Chosavuta china ndikuchepa kukana kupsinjika. Sizingatheke kukhoma mashelufu kukhoma kapena kukonza nyali yolemera yokhala ndi mthunzi wagalasi.

Mitundu ya zowuma

Kuphatikiza kosangalatsa kwa zowuma ndizosiyana. Mumsika wamakono wazomanga, mutha kupeza mitundu iyi yama sheet:

• wamba (GKL): ndi mtanda wa gypsum, wotsekedwa pakati pa zigawo zikuluzikulu za makatoni; amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magawano ndi kukhazikika kwamakoma; osayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzipinda zokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri;
• zosagwira chinyezi (GKLV): onjezerani zowonjezera zomwe zimawonjezera kukana kwake ndi chinyezi komanso mawonekedwe a bowa kapena nkhungu; oyenera kukhazikitsa kukhitchini ndi kubafa;
• zosagwira moto (GKLO): amagwiritsira ntchito kukongoletsa khoma (kapena kumanga magawano) m'malo omwe ali ndi ngozi yowonjezera moto; itha kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mbaula, mbaula, malo amoto;
• zosagwira chinyezi (GKLOV): mtundu wapadera wazowuma womwe umagonjetsedwa ndi chinyezi ndipo nthawi yomweyo umawonjezera chitetezo chamoto mchipinda.

Drywall imagawidwa ndi cholinga. Kwa makoma, khoma limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe makulidwe ake amapitilira 12.5 mm. Mwachitsanzo, mapepala a Knauf amatha kukhala ndi makulidwe a 12.5 mpaka 24 mm.

Makoma a Plasterboard pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa chimango

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa makoma a plasterboard pazenera ndiye njira yofala kwambiri yowakhazikitsira. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magawano kuyambira pachiyambi komanso poyesa makoma pomwe pali madontho opitilira masentimita 4. Ubwino wa njirayi ndi kupezeka kwa maziko odalirika opangidwa ndi mbiri, momwe simungangobisa zingwe, komanso kukonza kutchinjiriza, mbale zopanda mawu. Ndiwosunthika komanso woyenera kukhazikitsidwa mchipinda chilichonse chachikulu komanso mukamagwira ntchito ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zowuma. Ubwino wofunika kwambiri waukadaulo ndikutha kosavuta kupangira chipinda kudzera pakukhazikitsa zipilala kapena makoma opindika kumbuyo. Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi zida zambiri, zomanga khoma la chimango chimachitika popanda zovuta zilizonse. Pansipa tawunikiranso mwatsatanetsatane malangizo omwe angakuthandizeni kuyika kapangidwe kameneka ndi manja anu.

Zida zofunikira ndi zida

Kuti mupange kuyika palokha palokha, muyenera kukonza zida ndi zida zotsatirazi:

• mapepala owuma;
• maupangiri ndikuwonetsa mbiri;
• puncher (pakukonza mbiri);
• screwdriver (pofuna kukonza matabwa a gypsum okha);
• mulingo;
• lumo lazitsulo (zodulira mbiri);
• yomanga mpeni (kudula mapepala owuma);
• roleti;
• kuyimitsidwa kwa mbiriyo;
• ulusi wa nayiloni (kuti zitheke kuwonetsa ndege yowongoka yomwe mbiri yanu ingagwirizane);
• ngodya yazomangamanga kapena yolamulira (yojambula malo odulidwa pamapepala a gypsum; komabe, mutha kugwira ntchitoyi pogwiritsa ntchito mbiri zomwe zilipo kale);
• madolozi (okonza chimango);
• zomangira zokhazokha zopangira zowuma (zomangira zapadera zama sheet).

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukonzekera zida zoteteza (chigoba, magalasi). Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti kudula plasterboard ndi ntchito yafumbi.

Kukonzekera kwa chimango

Chimango chophatikizika bwino ndikutsimikizira kudalirika kwa khoma lonse la plasterboard. Ndicho chifukwa chake makonzedwe apansi pamashiti akuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala momwe angathere. Mutha kusanja chimango cholondola pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo mwatsatanetsatane:

1. Kulemba pansi ndi kudenga kwa malo amalo owongolera. Ndibwino kuti muziwayika pafupi kwambiri ndi khoma lokhazikika (monga momwe zimayendera mosavomerezeka ndi zotuluka) kuti muchepetse malo omwe chipinda chimakhala ndi zida zonse.
2. Kukhazikitsa kwa maupangiri ogwiritsa ntchito ma dowels.
3. Kuyamba kwa mbiri yothandizira padenga kapena kalozera wapansi. Mtunda wapakati pazithunzi zozungulira ukhoza kukhala masentimita 40 (pomanga chimango cholimbitsa) kapena masentimita 60 (kukhazikitsa chimango chachizolowezi).
4. Kukhazikika kukhoma loyimitsidwa patali masentimita 50-60 pakati pa oyandikana nawo.
5. Imatseka ulusi womwe umatanthawuza ndege yowongoka momwe mawonekedwe ake adzagwirizane. Ndikofunika kukonza ulusiwu m'mizere 3-5.
6. Kuphatikiza magawo omwe akuthandizira ndikuwaphatikiza ndi ma hanger.

Kuyika kulumikizana

Ngati kupopera kwapadera (mwachitsanzo, kubafa) kumangosokedwa ndi zowuma, ndiye kuti ntchito yowonjezerapo idzafunika. Mawaya onse amayikidwa mu corrugation. Izi zipanga zingwe zotetezeka. Chotsatira, malo amalo amagetsi (switch, socket) atsimikizika. Mawaya mu corrugation amapatsidwa magawo awa. Pawotchi palokha, pazinthu zamagetsi, muyenera kupanga mabowo pogwiritsa ntchito mphuno yapadera ya "korona". Pofuna kupewa ziphuphu kuti zisapachikike pansi pa zowuma, ndikofunikira kuzikonza ndi zomata. Zingwe zapulasitiki nthawi zambiri zimamangiriridwa pazipachika.

Ndikofunika kuyika zingwe m'njira yoti mukhale ndi "stock" yamawaya, osayiyika mwamphamvu. Tikulimbikitsanso kujambula chithunzi cha zingwe kuti mtsogolo, ngati zingafunike, muzitha kulumikizana mosavuta ndi zingwe, osasokoneza khoma lonse kwathunthu.

Kuyika kwa Plasterboard

Ntchito yosavuta kwambiri pakupanga khoma la plasterboard kapena magawano angawoneke ngati kukhazikitsa ma sheet. Koma kuti mukhale ndi chida chomangamanga choyenera, muyenera kuwerengera moyenera ndikudula bolodi la gypsum. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zolumikizira zamapepala zimayenera kudutsa pakati pazithunzi. Ngati mukuwerengera zikuwoneka kuti pakufunika mzere wowuma wa 10 cm kapena kuchepa, muyenera kuwunikiranso pulogalamu yolowa ndikuwonjezera chidutswa ichi mpaka 20 cm.

Chingwe chochepa chonchi chimakhala chofooka kapangidwe kake ndipo kuthekera kwakukhala kwake kwakanthawi kudzakhala kwakukulu. Pambuyo pokonza mapepala, amaphatikizidwa ndi chimango. Ngati ndi kotheka, musanakhazikitse gypsum board, ndikofunikira kuyika zotsekera pakati pazinthu za chimango (mbale zapadera ndizofunikira pantchitoyi). Mukamakhazikitsa zowuma, muyenera kukumbukira zakufunika kochepetsako ma sheet (ngati denga kapena pansi sizikugwirizana). Komanso yesetsani kuzimitsa zomangira mu drywall kuti zisatuluke, koma musapange "mabowo" akuya m'mapepala.

Kumaliza koyipa - kusindikiza mfundo ndi mabowo

Kutsirizidwa kwa khoma la plasterboard kumachitika motere:

1. The putty amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupaka zisoti za zomangira ndi ziwalo zonse pakati pa mapepala owuma. Kugwira ntchito, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito spatula wamba ndikusankha mawonekedwe a putty.
2. Kulimbitsa ma thumba aikidwa pamalumikizidwe a mapepala. Idzakwaniritsa malowo ndikulimbikitsa kulumikizana kwaboma kwa mpandawo mpaka kumapeto.
3. Kuyika kwathunthu kwa khoma kumachitika.
4. Putty ikayamba kuuma, malowo amakhala mchenga kuti apeze malo athyathyathya.
5. Gawo lomaliza la kumaliza kolimba lidzakhala kupendekera kwa khoma. Choyambirira chimapereka zomatira zabwino kumapeto kwa gawo lapansi. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugawa choyambira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito roller.

Kulumikiza makoma ndikumata plasterboard

Njira yopanda mawonekedwe yolumikiza gypsum board ikuwoneka yosavuta. Koma kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, muyenera kuchita ntchito zambiri. Gluing imachitika malinga ndi chiwembu chotsatira:

1. Kuchotsa kwathunthu zomaliza zakale. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchotsa zomatira zomwe kale zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa matailosi kapena mapepala azithunzi.
2. Kuchepetsa pamwamba kuti kuthetsedwe kupezeka kwa madera omwe zowuma sizingamamatire.
3. Kuyambitsa kukhoma kuti muwonetsetse zomatira zomata zomata pakhoma loyeretsedwa.
4. Kulumikiza molunjika kwa bolodi la gypsum kuyenera kuchitidwa poganizira mawonekedwe a khoma lomwe adzaphatikizidwe.

Ngati pali kusiyana pakati pa khoma osapitilira 5 mm, gypsum putty imagwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira pepala ndikutsika. Komanso zomata ziwiri zazitali zimagwiritsidwa ntchito masentimita 40 kuchokera m'mbali.

Ngati kusiyana kuli pakati pa 5 mm mpaka 2 cm, glufu yolimba yolumikiza iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi spatula wamba ngati milu yaying'ono pambali pake komanso mkati mwake mozungulira masentimita 10-15.

Ndikusiyana pakati pa 2 mpaka 4 cm, mizere kapena mabwalo owumitsira poyambira amamangirizidwa kukhoma - ma beacon. Amamangirizidwa pa pulasitala, ndikupanga mawonekedwe. Poterepa, zolumikizira ma sheet ziyenera kugwera pakatikati pa nyumba yowunikira. Pokhapokha putty ikauma (izi zimatha kutenga masiku 2-3) ma sheetwo amalumikizidwa. Zomatira zimayikidwapo kale ma beacons.

Kuyika magawo opepuka

Magawo a Plasterboard adakwera chimango. Itha kukhala "imodzi" (yopangidwa ndi maupangiri awiri okha) kapena "volumetric" (onaninso zikwangwani zofananira padenga ndi pansi). Mtundu wachiwiri ndi wovuta kwambiri, koma zimakupatsani mwayi wodalirika komanso wolimba. Kukhazikitsa kwa cholekanitsa ndi chimango chimodzi kumachitika malinga ndi chiwembu chotsatira:

1. Kulemba komwe kuli maupangiri pansi ndi kudenga pansi.
2. Kukhazikitsa kwa maupangiri okhala ndi ma dowels. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa positi, komwe kudzakhala kumapeto kwa magawo omalizidwa.
3. Kukhazikitsa mbiri zokuthandizani patali masentimita 40 wina ndi mnzake. Kukhazikika kwawo kuzitsogozo.
4. Kukhazikitsa mbiri yopingasa (m'mbuyomu, m'malo omwe mbiri zosanjikiza "zidakutidwa" ndi zowoneka bwino, zigawozi zidulidwa). Kusintha kwa mbiri yopingasa.
5. Kudula matabwa omwe adasonkhanitsidwa ndi plasterboard ndikumaliza koyipa kwa kapangidwe kameneka.

Njira zomalizira makoma kuchokera ku gypsum plasterboard

Mapeto abwino kwambiri a plasterboard athandiza kupangitsa chipinda kukhala chowoneka bwino. Zosankha zovomerezeka zokutira khoma kuchokera ku gypsum board ndi monga:

• kupenta: utoto, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala wamba kapena utoto wokhala ndimiyala, zidutswa za nsalu, zonyezimira;
• wallpapering: njira yotsika mtengo komanso yosavuta yomalizira;
• zokutira pulasitala: nyimbo zosagwirizana zimathandizira kusintha chipinda;
• kumata ndi matailosi: yankho labwino kwambiri la bafa, koma ndibwino kukumbukira kuti makoma a plasterboard sangathe kupirira katundu wolemera, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuyika matailosi pansipa ndikuphatikizira ndi mitundu ina yamaliza;
• kumaliza ndi bolodi yapulasitiki: ndikosavuta kuyika kachingwe kophweka, kuwonjezera apo, zithandizira kuteteza molimba zowuma zokha ku chinyezi ndi kuwonongeka kwamakina;
• akalowa matabwa kapena bolodi: chinthu chosayenera chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kwa zinthuzo, komabe, zinthu ngati izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira (kugawaniza kapena kukongoletsa) makoma.

Zitsanzo za mapangidwe a khoma la plasterboard

Pali zosankha zambiri pakapangidwe ka chipinda pomanga khoma la plasterboard. Njira yofala kwambiri yakukhazikitsa ndiyokwera pang'ono. Ikhoza kukhala mozungulira mutu wa bedi m'chipinda chogona kapena ikhoza kukhala bolodi yamagulu angapo "shelving". Kuti mukonzekere dongosolo lotere, muyenera kupanga magulu othandizira. Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kupatsa aliyense mwayi wokhala ndi kuyatsa. Kapangidwe kamene kamapangidwa ndi khoma lachiwiri louma kumtunda kwa khoma kumawoneka kwachilendo kwambiri. Danga mkati mwa kagawo kakang'ono akhoza utoto kapena pasted ndi chithunzi mapepala khoma. Njira yosavuta yopangira kapangidwe kachilendo imatha kuonedwa ngati kagawidwe ka ngodya za khoma lotere pogwiritsa ntchito miyala yokumba. Pazowuma palokha, pamwamba pa utoto, pulasitala wokongoletsera kapena mapepala khoma, mutha kukonza gypsum yaying'ono kapena zokongoletsera za thovu. Mafelemu omwe adapangidwa kuchokera ku thovu amawoneka owoneka bwino. Mkati mwake mutha kumata mapepala amitundu ina kapena mitundu ina, kujambula makoma.

Malangizo ogwirira ntchito ndi zowuma

Malangizo ndi zinsinsi zotsatirazi za masters zikuthandizani kuti mupewe zolakwika mukamagwira ntchito ndi zowumitsira ndikumanga khoma kapena magawano mosavuta ndi izi:

1. Tulutsani malo okwanira kudula mapepala. Ndikofunika kupereka mosavuta mbali iliyonse yazinthu. Izi zidzasunga kwambiri nthawi yokonzekera gypsum board.
2. Kuti muchepetse kumaliza ntchito kuti muchepetse kusiyana pakati pa mapepala oyandikana, poyamba sankhani zida zowongoka (kutchula - PC).
3. Kuti mukongoletse khoma lalikulu (mwachitsanzo, mu holo), onetsetsani kuti mwapempha wothandizira.Munthu m'modzi sangakwanitse kugwira ntchito yambiri bwino komanso mwachangu.
4. Kuti mukweze mapepala pakhoma ndi chitseko kapena zenera, muyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera a gypsum board. Malo olumikizirana ayenera kukhala osachepera 20 cm pakona pakatsegulira.Ngati malo olumikizirana ndi ngodya ali pafupi, kuthekera koti ming'alu yoyambirira pamapepala ikhale yayikulu kwambiri.
5. Zoyipa kumapeto, zomwe zitha kuwoneka kumapeto kwa ntchito, zimatha kubisika ndi zokongoletsa pakhoma (kupenta kapena kumata mapepala okhala ndi mapangidwe). Komanso, kukhazikitsa koteroko pafupi ndi nyali pansi kudzakuthandizani, momwe kusagwirizana kapena chilema chidzakhala mumthunzi wa chowunikiracho chikayatsidwa.

Kutsiliza

Kugwiritsa ntchito zowumitsira nyumba kuti mukonzenso chipinda chosavuta ndi njira yotsika mtengo komanso yotsika mtengo. Zinthu zotsika mtengo ndizosavuta kukonzekera ndikuwongolera mwachindunji. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yamitundu yamphatso imakupatsani mwayi wosankha njira zokonzera zipinda zogona wamba, mabafa, ndi zipinda zokhala ndi malo amoto ndi mbaula. Ndikotheka kukhazikitsa bolodi la gypsum kapena popanda chimango. Koma ndikofunikira kulingalira mwanzeru kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Zipinda momwe makoma ali ndi zovuta zina kapena momwe kuyenera kuyankhulira ndikofunikira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba. Ngati pali zolakwika zochepa pakhoma ndipo muyenera kutulutsa magetsi ochepa okha, njira yabwino ingakhale kungomata bolodi la gypsum pakhomalo. Onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga upangiri wa ambuye musanachite ntchitoyi. Malangizo ndi zinsinsi za akatswiri zidzakuthandizani kupewa zolakwika zosiyanasiyana ndikupeza khoma lodalirika komanso loyera kapena magawano kuchokera pagulu la gypsum.