Zida zovekera zakhala zikufunidwa kwambiri. Mmodzi mwa mitundu yawo ndikulumikiza. Yadzikhazikitsa yokha ngati chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri chokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbiri pamsika, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wopanga mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndikulumikiza mapanelo kulikonse. Pafupifupi nkhuni zamtundu uliwonse zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choyambirira. Kuyala kwakhala chinthu chodziwika bwino chokongoletsera zipinda za nthunzi, koma imapezekanso m'nyumba zodula. Makongoletsedwe amasankhidwa payekhapayekha. Ikhoza kukhala yopingasa, yowongoka, yopendekera, yophatikizidwa. Masanjidwe ovuta ndi otchuka masiku ano. Kuyika kwa Euro kuli ndi mbiri yabwino. Ili ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso mawonekedwe abwino. Ngati muli ndi chidziwitso choyambirira, kukulunga kwa clapboard kumatha kuchitika nokha.
Ubwino ndi zovuta kumaliza
Poyamba, akalowa anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomaliza masaluni a sitima. Ngakhale apo, anthu adawonetsa kuthekera kwake kochepetsa kusintha kwa chinyezi komanso kutentha. Idalumikizidwa mwachangu ndimalumikizidwe olumikizidwa - ichi ndi kuphatikiza kwina. Kenako akalowa adakonzedwa: mawonekedwe ndi mapiko adasintha, mawonekedwe ake adasintha. Kukongoletsa ndi clapboard yamakono kuli ndi zabwino zambiri. Choyambirira, ndikosavuta komanso kuthamanga kwakukhazikitsa chifukwa cha njira yaminga. Ubwino wina ndi kusamalira chilengedwe. Ndipo chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri zitha kuonedwa ngati mtengo wotsika ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Clipboard trim ili ndi mbali zingapo zoyipa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingawononge zinthuzo. Kusinthasintha kumayambitsanso kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe. Wood imatenganso chinyezi ndi kutentha kwambiri ndipo imayamba kuwonongeka chifukwa chake. Komabe, potero zimapangitsa mpweya wamkati kukhala wabwino.
Mitundu ya akalowa
Akalowa wamba amakhala ndi miyeso zotsatirazi: makulidwe - 1.2-2.5 masentimita, m'lifupi - mpaka 15 cm ndi kutalika - mpaka 6 m (makamaka izi zinali choncho mu GOSTs wakale). Chingwe chokhazikika chimakhala ndi munga wocheperako - 4-6 mm, pomwe 8-9 yazitsulo za Euro. Chinyezi chazomwe zimapezeka nthawi zonse ndi 8-12%, 25-35%, mtundu waku Europe - mpaka 12%. Mtundu wakale wa zokutira umapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe. Kuyika kwa Euro ndi bolodi labwino kwambiri lokongoletsera mkati ndi kunja. Amabisa zophophonya bwino ndipo amatha kulumikizana bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwira ntchito zoteteza mawu ndi kutentha. Kuyika kwa Euro kuli ndi magawo ena okhazikika. Kukula kwake ndi 1.3, 1.6 ndi 1.9 cm.Mlifupi mwake ndi 8, 10, 11 kapena masentimita 12. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa bolodi ndi mita 6, koma chiwerengerochi chimadalira wopanga ndipo ndi chosiyana mosiyanasiyana munthawi zosiyanasiyana.
Mitundu yamatabwa yomwe amapangira utoto:
- mtengo;
- Linden;
- Pine;
- spruce;
- fufuzani.
Mitundu yama mbiri akalowa
Zosiyanasiyana ndizofunikira pomaliza, kotero opanga amapanga masinthidwe osiyanasiyana ndikusintha kwa akalowa. Kukongoletsa kwachikhalidwe kwa yuro mukakhazikitsa kumapanga matayala osiyana. Ngati mtundu uwu uli ndi chamfer wozungulira, ndiye "Softline". Mbali yake yakunja ilibe ngodya, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi woteteza nkhuni kwa ma burr ndi tchipisi kwanthawi yayitali. Softline ndiyabwino ma sauna. Kulumikizana kwa "Calm" kulibe chamfer pafupi ndi kakhosi, ndipo, chifukwa chake, sipadzakhala magawo atatha msonkhano. Kukula kwake kumafika 2.5 cm, kotero itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zokongoletsera. "Landhouse" ndi cholumikizira chokhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira m'mbali. Kutsiriza ndi zokutira izi kupangitsa kuti mkati mukhale "odula". Njira ina yosangalatsa ndi "Blockhouse", yomwe ili ndi mbali yakutsogolo yozungulira. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza mawonekedwe amkati mwa nyumba zamatabwa ndi zamkati.
Mitundu ingapo ingapo:
- "Wachimereka". Ili ndi malo otsetsereka. Zinthu zidalikirana.
- Mgwirizano. Mbali zonsezi ndizosiyana. Sigwiritsidwe ntchito zokongoletsa khoma zokha, komanso pomanga magawo.
Mitengo yosiyanasiyana yamitengo
Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangidwa ndi mitengo ya coniferous, yodula mitengo, komanso mitundu yachilendo (mwachitsanzo, mahogany). Mwa ma conifers, ndi bwino kuwunikira spruce, paini, larch ndi mkungudza. Spruce imapatsidwa kufewa, komwe ndikofunikira pakupanga matabwa okhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Izi zikuwoneka bwino mkati mwamakono. Kuyika paini ndi njira yosankhira bajeti yomwe ili ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yofunikira, kuphatikiza mphamvu zazikulu. Larch ndi imodzi mwama conifers okwera mtengo kwambiri. Matabwa a mkungudza amakhala ndi fungo labwino lomwe limapindulitsa thupi. Pakati pa mitengo yolimba, yotchuka kwambiri ndi thundu, alder ndi linden. Mitengo ya Oak ndi yolimba komanso yofunika. Zingwe zopangidwa ndi mtengo uwu zimawerengedwa ngati njira yabwino kwambiri. Alder ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo onyowa chifukwa sichitenga chinyezi. Linden imagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi mapindikidwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina. Kuyala kuchokera pamenepo ndikotsika mtengo.
M'mbali kalasi
Pali mitundu 4:
- Zowonjezera;
- Maphunziro A;
- Maphunziro B;
- Maphunziro C.
Mabungwe amasankhidwa kutengera kupezeka kwa matumba a utomoni, otchulidwa buluu, mfundo, ming'alu, zovuta (malo osakonzedwa bwino). Mitundu yowonjezerayi imadziwika ndi kupezeka kwathunthu kwa zolakwika zosagwirizana kapena zazing'ono mbali yakutsogolo. Pakhoza kukhala mfundo imodzi yoyeserera pamamita othamanga. Kwa kalasi A, kupezeka kwa ma microcracks ndi malo ang'onoang'ono osathandizidwa ndizololedwa. Pamapeto a kotenga nthawi, ming'alu yayitali kuposa kololedwa ndi kololedwa. Mbiri zoyambira siziyenera kupitilira gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a matabwa onse. Pa mita imodzi yothamanga, mfundo zitatu ndizovomerezeka. Ponena za kalasi B, mfundo ziwiri zimaloledwa pa bolodi limodzi. Kumbali yakutsogolo, ming'alu mpaka 3 cm imaloledwa, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo - kwamtundu uliwonse. Mapanelo onse amatha kupangidwa kuchokera pachimake ndi matumba a utomoni. Kalasi C imaphatikizapo matabwa onse omwe sagwera m'magulu kuyambira owonjezera mpaka kalasi B, koma oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuvunda sikuloledwa.
Komwe mungagwiritse ntchito
Zokongoletsera zama bolodi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzipinda zamoto ndi zipinda zina zosambira. Poterepa, mapanelo amasankhidwa kuchokera ku linden ndi alder (ya parilen) ndi ma conifers (amalo ena). Mitengo yamtunduwu imakhala ndi mankhwala, chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimatulutsidwa zikatenthedwa. Matabwa oyenera kudziwa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'chipinda chamoto, chifukwa madera omwe akukambidwayo amakhala otentha. Kuti mukhale ndi fungo labwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika matabwa angapo oyenda mozungulira uvuni. Zomangira zothandizidwa ndi mankhwala otetezera ndizoyenera kutsekemera, mtundu wa nkhuni pankhaniyi sofunikira kwenikweni. Kukongoletsa mkati mwa nyumba ndi ntchito yovuta; mapangidwe amtundu wa yunifolomu amafunikira. Kulumikizana kwa mahogany kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira khoma m'nyumba zazikulu. Magawo amapangidwanso ndi mapanelo ogawa malowa: m'nyumba ndi m'malo otseguka.
Ndondomeko zodula
Pali njira ziwiri - ndi phiri lakunja ndi lobisika. Ndi njira yakunja, matabwa akuyenera kukonzedwa ndi zolumikizira. Kachiwiri, mapanelo amamangiriridwa ku lathing kuchokera mbali ya poyambira, pomwe pali cholumikizira ndi tenon. Maonekedwe ndi njirayi adzakhala osangalatsa kwambiri. Zolingazo zimatha kukhazikitsidwa mozungulira, mopingasa ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, m'njira yosasinthika. Mukayika magawowo mozungulira, mano amayang'aniridwa kuchokera kumunsi mpaka kumtunda, osati mosemphanitsa. Mukakutira khoma lamatabwa, zofunikira ndi misomali ya iwo ndikugwiritsa ntchito lathing zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti muchepetse chipinda chokhala ndi makoma athyathyathya okhala ndi bolodi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mipiringidzo. Amayikidwa patali osapitirira masentimita 50 pakati pazinthu zoyandikana ndi zowonekera pazenera. Sheathing ili ndi mapangidwe okongoletsera a skirting ndi ma fillets
Njira zoyambira zoyambira:
- misomali;
- zomangira;
- chakudya;
- dongo.
Momwe mungasokere ndi manja anu omwe
Muyenera kumaliza magawo awa a ntchito:
- Konzani akalowa.
- Konzani makoma.
- Sonkhanitsani crate.
- Onetsetsani zingwezo pazenera.
- Malizitsani zokutira ndi matabwa skirting ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, zinthu zina.
Mapanelo amakonzedwa kaye. Kutengera ndi komwe mungagwiritse ntchito, kalasi iliyonse yamakina itha kukonzedwa. Nthawi zonse kumafunikira kukonzekera zakumaso kwa kalasi C. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pazolumikizidwa ndi manja. Kukonzekera kwa makoma kumaphatikizapo kuwongolera ndi kuyika zolemba pansi pa lathing. Kuyimitsa sikofunikira; zina zitha kuchitidwa m'malo mwake. Nthawi yofunikira ndikukhazikitsa lathing. Mtengo womwewo ndi mtunda wapakati pazinthu zimasankhidwa. Kukhazikitsidwa kumatengera kwathunthu njira yomwe ikonzedwe yoyala. Njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mapanelo. Chofunika kwambiri pantchitoyi ndi chenjezo, chifukwa kusalongosola kosasunthika kwa cholumikizira kumatha kubweretsa zovuta pazinthu. Kutsekemera kukakonzeka, kukhazikitsa ma board skirting ndikumaliza kumayamba.
Momwe mungakonzekerere kuyika
Ngati ndi kotheka, mapanelo amathandizidwa ndi sandpaper yoyera bwino kuti athetse kuyipa. Kukonzanso kwina kumayamba ndikuyeretsa pamwamba pazinthuzo. Ngati mukufuna kupaka phula kapena varnish pakhoma, banga lisanagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ikusunga mtundu wa nkhuni kwa nthawi yayitali. Pali mitundu itatu ya banga: mafuta-based, alcohol-based and water-based. Antiseptics amateteza nkhuni ku chinyezi ndi nkhungu. Ngati malo omangirako ndi osambira, phula lidzafunika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, poyang'ana ulusi. Njirayi iyenera kubwerezedwa kangapo. Kenako mankhwala amapukutidwa. Mwazina, mtundu wa matabwawo umakhala wakuya. Pogulitsa pali kusankha kwakukulu kwa phula, zomwe zimayeneranso kukonzekera kulumikizana. Gawo lomaliza ndi ntchito ya varnish. Mufunika magawo osachepera awiri. Zinthuzo ziyenera kukhala zowuma bwino asanakhazikitsidwe.
Madontho amtundu amatha kuchotsedwa ndi yankho la 25% la acetone.
Kukonzekera makoma
Pakhoma, muyenera kupanga zolemba za crate. Izi zimachitika ndi pensulo komanso mulingo. Kusintha kwa khungu ndi malangizo omwe adzaikidwe pamalopo kumatsimikiziridwa pasadakhale. Zitsulozo nthawi zonse zimayikidwa mozungulira. Ngati zonse zasankhidwa kale pankhaniyi, mutha kuyamba kukonza makomawo ndi ma antifungal othandizira ndikujambula malo. Zikatero, pensulo imalowetsedwa ndi choko. Kutalika kwa gawo lathing kumasankhidwa kutengera zolinga. Kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu, ndikofunikira kuti muzipanga zazing'ono momwe zingathere. Kawirikawiri chizindikirochi chimakhala masentimita 35-60. Ngati kutsekedwa kwa chipinda kukukonzedweratu m'tsogolomu, sitepeyi imatsimikiziridwa kutengera kukula kwa zinthu zotchingira ndipo ziyenera kuchepera pamenepo. Kuti chimango chikhale chosalala, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe chowongolera ndi mzere wosodza. Kuwonetsedwa kumapangidwa, m'mbali mwake momwe mipiringidzo imayikidwapo.
Pangani lathing ya zomangira
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamagawo ofunikira kwambiri ndipo chimakhudza kwambiri mzerewu. Nthawi zina chimango chimamangiriridwa pamakoma amatabwa, nthawi zina - kulumikizana kumafunika. Pachiyambi pomwe, timasankha bala. Pa lathing iyi, bala yokhala ndi mtanda wa 40 × 20 mm ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri. Timakhazikitsa chimango mulimonse. Ngati ndi kotheka, timagwirizanitsa khoma lililonse. Mutha kupita njira ina - kuti mudziwe malo omwe akutuluka kwambiri pakhoma. Kenako amaponyamo timitengo tating'onoting'ono ndipo crate amaikamo. Kuchokera pano, ulusi umakokedwa mofananira ndiupangiri wokonzera kuyika mapanelo. Pamalo okwera kwambiri a khoma, pamakhala matabwa awiri onyamula katundu. Ngati ndi kotheka, ikani ma gaskets pakati pakhoma ndi bala. Ngati mzere wokutira ukhale wokwera kuchokera pama board awiri, mtengo umodzi umodzi umafunika pamphambano.
Zina zofunikira:
- pokonzekera kapangidwe kake, muyenera kuwona mulingo;
- ngati pali zitseko kapena zenera, matabwa ayenera kulumikizidwa mozungulira iwo;
- kuyika kwa lathing padenga kumachitidwa chimodzimodzi pamakoma.
Njira zosinthira
Mangani zolumikizira ndimabokosi okhazikika, zomata kapena zomangira (zomangira, misomali). Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa pakukhazikitsa kuti mupewe kugawanika kwa matabwa ndi kusweka. Kulowetsa kwathunthu pamutu wa msomali pazolemba ndi kulondola kwa ntchito kumatsimikiziridwa mothandizidwa ndi wopanga zida. Mukayika munjira yobisika, mapanelo amakhomedwa kukhoma pamphambano yolowera ndi poyambira. Njira yosavuta komanso yosavuta yosonkhanira ndikumangirira ndi misomali yaying'ono pamalo aliwonse, koma ndibwino kusankha njira yoyera yomwe imakakamiza kukhomerera misomali m'malo obisalira. Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwambiri kumaperekedwa ndi zomangira zachitsulo. Zimabwera mosiyanasiyana, mosiyanasiyana ndipo zimawerengedwa kuti zikhale zolimba. Zomangira zimalumikizidwa ndi mbali imodzi ku crate, ndipo mbali inayo amadulidwa mumipanda.
Kuyika zolumikizira padenga kumafunikira zochita zotsimikizika, chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuchita izi limodzi ndi katswiri!
Ndondomeko yokonzekera
Kukonzekera koyenera kwa lathing, kukhazikitsa makinawo kumachitika popanda zovuta. Mulingo ungafunike pophatikiza gulu loyamba. Funso loyamba musanakhazikitse ndilo mbali yoyamba kuyamba kuyika matabwa. Mungathe kupeza yankho mwa kupeza momwe nkhopeyo ilili yosalala. Ngati ikugwirizana ndi mulingo, ndiye kuti mutha kuyamba kuyala kuchokera mbali iliyonse: pamwamba, pansi, kumanja, kumanzere, kuchokera pakona. Gulu loyamba limayikidwa pansi. Ngati pamwamba "patakulira" pang'ono, kapena ngodya ina ili ndi kufanana - iyi si njira yokhazikitsira matabwa. Kupanda kutero, amawonetsa pang'onopang'ono kupindika. Zoyikapo ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa mwanjira ina. Gulu loyamba limalumikizidwa kumapeto-mpaka kumapeto kwa ngodya, enawo - motsetsereka pang'ono panjira yomwe mukufuna. Posakhalitsa, gulu lina lidzafika pamlingo woyenera. Mabungwe onse "amathedwa nzeru" pamlingo womwewo. Yoyamba iyenera kuikidwa ndi kukwera pakona.
Malamulo okhazikitsa matabwa a skirting pakhoma lokhala ndi clapboard
Kuti muwone zokongoletsa, makoma osungunuka amakongoletsedwa ndi matabwa oyenda pansi ndi kudenga. Nthawi zina amafunika kukhazikitsidwa pakhoma (pakona). Akamaliza kumakona, amatsogozedwa ndi malamulo awa: ngati pali khoma loyandikana losakhazikika, ndiye kuti plinth imayikidwapo, ndipo ikaikidwa pakati pa awiri omata, iyenera kukonzedwa mwachidule. Izi siziyenera kuteteza kutentha ndi kuyanika kwa malo omwe atengeka kwambiri. Ngati khoma lili ndi clapboard, ndiye kuti kukonza kwa skirting board kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi kumaliza misomali. Adasomedwa pathupi, kapu yopapatiza imalowa. Malo amenewa amakonzedwa ndi pensulo ya sera. Ngati pamwamba pake papandale (mwachitsanzo, chipika), sizikhala zotheka kukhomerera pakhosi pafupipafupi. Mipata ikhoza kutsalira. Zikuwoneka kuti pamakona a skirting board sadzakumana konse. M'malo mwake, zoduladula zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zimakwanira zolimba pakhoma, ndipo mutha kuzipanga nokha, kuphatikiza pazoyala.
Njira zokongoletsera zomaliza
Ngati kuyikako kumachitika mwachinsinsi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito zomangira zokongoletsera. Kukhazikika molondola ndi kukongoletsa msomali m'nkhalango kudzaonetsedweratu ndi wopanga matabwa. Mutha kukongoletsa ngodya pakati pa matabwa pogwiritsa ntchito matabwa osinthidwa - kotero sipadzakhala mipata pakutsegulira. Ngati mtundu wachilengedwe wa nkhuni sukukwanira mkati, suwonjezera mtundu uliwonse, ndiye kuti zokutira zimakutidwa ndi utoto. Bwino mu liwu limodzi ndi zokongoletsa kapena zoyera. Misomali ya misomali yomwe imatetezera bolodi loyambira ili ndi ngodya zokongoletsera.Ngati mulibe slats zokongoletsera, ndiye kuti nsonga za zomangira zimachotsedwa ndi odulira mbali. Malo onse, makona amkati ndi akunja ayenera kuphimbidwa. Zokongoletsa, kuphatikiza m'munsi ndi padenga ma plinths amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zamkatimo zimatha kusinthidwa kwathunthu poyika matabwa abodza pamwamba pake.
Kutsiliza
Kuyika ndi chinthu chomaliza chomaliza. Zimasiyanasiyana pamiyeso ya metrological, mbiri, mitundu yamatabwa ndi kalasi. Zojambula pamapangidwe zimakhala zokongola komanso zothandiza. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osambira / ma sauna, nyumba, nyumba, pamakonde, malo okhala, poyendera. Ndondomeko yolumikizira ndiyachinsinsi komanso yachinsinsi. Njira yachiwiri ndiyokongoletsa. Mutha kudumphadumpha nokha. Gawo loyamba ndi ntchito yokonzekera - matabwa amasinthidwa, zolemba zimakopedwa pamakoma ndi kudenga. Zoyikirazo zimapangidwa ndi varnished, zokutidwa ndi impregnation ndi sera, utoto, ndipo nthawi zina, chithandizo chochepa chokwanira pamwamba ndikokwanira. Gawo lotsatira ndikukweza crate. Mapanelo amamangiriridwa ndi iyo pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Kapangidwe kamakonedwe kamasiyanasiyana kutengera mawonekedwe olondola a mawonekedwe ndi ngodya.
