Kusankhidwa kwa mutu wa khitchini yaying'ono nthawi zambiri kumatenga nthawi yayitali. Cholinga cha izi ndikuganiza momwe chipinda chimakhalira mpaka zazing'ono kwambiri, posankha mipando yomwe ndiyabwino kukula, kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe ake. Eni ake ambiri a nyumba za Khrushchev ndi nyumba zofananira amakonda makitchini ang'onoang'ono apakona.
Mahedifoni okhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana amakhala ndi ziwiya zambiri, zotetezera, mbale ndi zida zakhitchini zothandiza. Chifukwa chake, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa pakupanga mipando ndi mawonekedwe ake. Payokha, ndikofunikira kulingalira za mitundu yonse yazomwe mungasankhe kuti mupeze zida ndi tebulo la kukhitchini. Kutengera mtundu wa khitchini wapakona, imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi tebulo lapadera kapena kuphatikiza pamenepo. Kusintha kopindulitsa pagulu lodyerako kudzakhala mitundu yokhala ndi bala kapamwamba kapena matebulo osiyana osinthika. Pansipa tidayankhula mwatsatanetsatane za kuthekera konse kokwanira ndikukonzekeretsa khitchini yaying'ono yokhala ndi ngodya.
Makhalidwe apangidwe
Mukamakonza khitchini yapakona, ndibwino kulingalira malamulo agolide oyika zinthu zomwe zingagwirizane:
- Chitofu chiyenera kuikidwa pakati pa lakuya ndi firiji.
- Mtunda kuchokera pachitofu mpaka ponyamula ayenera kukhala osachepera 40 cm.
- Ngati kuli kotheka, makapu osungira mataulo ndi ziwiya zapakhitchini zapakhomo ayenera kuyikika pamwamba pa nyumbayo.
- Kabatiyo iyenera kukhala pafupi ndi lakuya momwe zingathere.
- Ndi bwino kupachika makabati osungira tirigu ndi zokometsera pamwamba pa malo ogwirira ntchito kapena pafupi ndi chitofu.
- Makabati okhala ndi chomverera m'makutu ndi oyenera kusungira ziwiya zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito kwenikweni, miphika. Koma kabati yodulira, zida za kukhitchini ziyenera kukhala pafupi ndi chitofu.
- Ngati mbaula ndi lakuyika zili pamaketi osiyana siyana a mawonekedwe a L, ndiye kuti akuyenera kukhala zigawo zikuluzikulu za malo awa.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Kukhazikitsa chomverera m'makutu pakona ya khitchini kumakupatsani mwayi wokulitsa gawo lapakati komanso mbali ina ychipindacho. Chifukwa cha mipando iyi, ngakhale mchipinda chaching'ono, mutha kugawa malo odyera, firiji. Ubwino wina wamakhitchini apakona ndi awa:
- Kukopa. Mipando yoyikidwayo siyomwe ili pakatikati, koma imangokwanira mkati, mipando ndi zida zonse.
- Kukhala okwanira. Chifukwa chakukula kwakukula ndi kuzama kwa makabati, zikhomo, eni ake azitha kusunga mbale ndi ziwiya zonse zofunikira.
- Zabwino pakapangidwe ka chipinda. Mukasankha mosamala mawonekedwe a facade ndi utoto wake, mutha kuwonetsa bwino malo akukhitchini omwe ali ndi zida, kuti zikhale zowala komanso zamphamvu.
Zachidziwikire, ali ndi khitchini yaying'ono komanso zovuta zawo. Ali ndi malo ogwirira ntchito ochepa.
Chifukwa chake, mukakhazikitsa mipando yotere, pakhoza kukhala vuto ndi kuyikapo zida zingapo: multicooker, wopanga khofi, ketulo yamagetsi, uvuni wa mayikirowevu.
Ergonomics ndikukhathamiritsa kwa malo ochepa
Sikovuta kukwaniritsa khitchini yoyenera, kutsatira malamulo osavuta osankha mipando:
- Kudziwitsa kukula kwakukulu. Eni ake azikumbukira kufunikira komanso magwiritsidwe antchito am'mutu, kutengera kukula kwa makabati ake, zoyala, zotsekera. Kuphatikiza apo, mwayi wopezeka m'mashelufu apamwamba a makabati ndikusavuta kugwira ntchito patebulopo kumaganizidwanso.
- Kuwerengera kudzaza mitundu. Kwa eni ena, kukhala ndi mabokosi angapo sichinthu chofunikira. Kwa ena, kusungira kosavuta kumangowonetsetsa ndi zipinda zingapo zamkati.
- Kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu zam'mutu. Mukayang'ana njira zakakhitchini, muyenera kuziyimira kunyumba kwanu. Kutheka kokhazikitsa mtundu winawake kudzadalira momwe chipinda chimakhalira, kukula kwake, komanso komwe kulumikizana kuli.
Makulidwe a khitchini
Kukula kwa khitchini kumakhudza mwachindunji kufunika kosankhidwa kwa timakona ting'onoting'ono (kapena tating'ono). Pogwiritsa ntchito nsonga yathu yotsatira, mutha kupeza mipando yomwe ndiyabwino kukula kwake mwachangu kwambiri:
- kukhitchini ya 6 sq. M. Kwa malo oterowo, lingaliro loyenera lingakhale kugula mutu wamutu wokhala ndi kutalika kosiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo zimawonedwa ngati yankho lotchuka, mbali yayitali yomwe imakhala khoma lonse (kapena pafupifupi lonse) la chipinda. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa mbali yayitali kudzakhala kuchokera 1.8 mpaka 2 mita. Mbali yayifupi idzakhala ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi 1-1.5 mita.
- kukhitchini komwe kumakhala 9 sq. Kwa zipinda zotere, zabwino kwambiri ndizokhazikitsidwa, kutalika kwa mbali zake kuli kofanana, kapena mtundu wofanana ndi U. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukhazikitsa khitchini yopangidwa ndi L yokhala ndi mbali za 2 mita. Amaphatikizapo malo ogwirira ntchito ndipo amatha kukhala ndi chotsukira mbale kapena makina ochapira. Mahedifoni opangidwa ndi L okhala ndi mbali za 2.5 ndi 1.5 m amathanso kukhala othandiza m'makhitchini a mabwalo 9.
Makonda amtundu wa ngodya
Khitchini zamakona siziyenera kukhala zooneka ngati L zokha; pali mitundu ingapo yamitundu yotsatirayi:
- Wofanana ndi U: ali ndi magawo atatu nthawi imodzi, omwe amakhala pansi pamakoma osiyanasiyana;
- peninsular: ali ooneka ngati L, koma mbali imodzi yamipando ili mkati mwa chipinda (osati moyandikana ndi khoma); mbali iyi ndi malo ogwira ntchito; gulu lodyera lidayikidwa pakati pa malo ogwira ntchito ndi khoma lofananira nalo;
- yokhala ndi bala bala: yofanana ndi mitundu ya peninsular, koma ili ndi cholembera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gome lodyera, kumasula malo amkati.
Makhitchini a peninsular siabwino kwenikweni m'malo ang'onoang'ono.
Zosankha zodzaza pakona
Kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru khitchini yaying'ono kumakuthandizani kukonzekera mosamala mawonekedwe amalo apakona. Njira zabwino zothetsera gawo ili lamutu ndi izi:
- Kuyika sinki. Sinky yolumikizirana ikwanira bwino pakona ndipo ikuthandizani kuti muzitsuka mbale ndi ziwiya zakhitchini. Kwa khitchini yaying'ono, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe mitundu yozungulira. M'makhitchini okhala ndi malo owonjezera (omwe amaikidwa mchipinda cha 9 mita mita), mtundu wokhala ndi mbale yothandizira kapena malo oyanika ndi oyenera.
- Kokani zotchinga pakona. Zotulutsa zokhala ndi malekezero ngati ngodya zidzakuthandizani kuti musunge zodulira ndi ziwiya zothandizira.
- Makina obwezeretsanso "bokosi lamatsenga". Ubwino wamachitidwe oterewa ndimatha kuwasunthira chammbali. Ngakhale kukhazikitsa khomo wamba, sipadzakhala mavuto kupeza zinthu zomwe zasungidwa pakona yamatsenga.
Kabati yopachikidwa yomwe ili pakona imatha kukhalanso ndi chitseko chowoneka ngati L chokhala ndi zomangira zothandizira. Chifukwa chakukula kwa chipinda chamkati, zipereka mwayi wosungira ziwiya zazikulu ndi mbale zosiyanasiyana.
Ma facade, makina amitseko ndi mamangidwe omaliza
Kwa khitchini yaying'ono, kusankha koyenera kwa mutu wamutu ndikofunikira kwambiri, poganizira mawonekedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe akunja. Pofuna kukonza kapangidwe ka chipinda, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe mitundu yokhala ndi mawonekedwe owala.
Mukamakonza kuwala, malo osalala adzakwaniritsidwa ndi kunyezimira ndipo amatha kukulitsa khitchini. Matsogolo a Matt ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yowonetsera. Kuyika magalasi kudzakuthandizira kuwoneka kokopa. Zitha kukhala zowonekera kapena zosasintha. Ndibwino kuti musankhe mitundu yazanyumba zamagalasi olimba (osagawika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono). Sadzapatula kuchepa kwamlengalenga.
Zoyenera kusankhidwa ziyenera kutuluka pang'ono pang'ono kutengera cholumikizira kuti mugwire bwino ntchito kuphika. Kwa otungira, makabati ndi zoyala, zingwe zokhala ndi zotsekera zidzakhala zabwino kwambiri. Mukakhazikitsa kabati yomwe imatsegukira kumtunda, muyenera kuyika microlift. Zikafika kumapeto komaliza kwa countertop, ndibwino kuti musankhe m'mbali zosagwira. Amatha kukhala ofanana ndi countertop kapena kubwereza utoto wakutsogolo.
Makina ndi utoto mayankho omalizira
Chosankha chopambana-pakupanga kakhitchini kakang'ono ndikusankha kwamithunzi yowala. Mwachitsanzo, makomawo amatha kukhala ndi mthunzi wa kirimu, ndipo mutu wam'mutu wokha umatha kusankhidwa ndi bulauni wonyezimira, wotuwa wa lilac, beige. Kwa khitchini yoyera, mipando ya imvi-siliva, mitundu yobiriwira yobiriwira kapena yoyera-yachikaso ndiwowonjezera bwino.
Wotsogola komanso woyambirira motsutsana ndi makoma ofiira owoneka bwino, mutu wa siliva wofiira kapena siliva-lalanje udzawonekeranso. Kuphatikizana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti mapangidwe ake akhale amphamvu kwambiri. M'makhitchini owala, mutha kukhazikitsa mahedifoni aimvi-buluu, yoyera buluu. M'zipinda zokhala ndi mthunzi wofunda wamakoma, khofi ndi mahedifoni okhala ndi lalanje adzawoneka bwino. Makitchini okhala ndi imvi-wakuda komanso wakuda ndi woyera amayenera bwino zipinda zokhala ndi imvi (pafupifupi zoyera).
Ponena za kapangidwe kake, zipindazi zimatha kujambulidwa, matailosi kapena kudindidwa ndi mapepala khoma. Chovala chakhitchini, chimatha kupangidwa ndi pulasitiki, galasi lapadera, kapena kuyikapo pazithunzi zazing'ono.
Zojambulajambula
Ngakhale ndi malo ochepa, ndizololedwa kukhazikitsa khitchini yosiyana ndi mitundu yokha, komanso kalembedwe. Mayendedwe abwino okonzera khitchini yaying'ono ndi awa:
- kutsimikizira. Mitundu yoyera yakumalizira ndi kukhitchini, kapangidwe ka mipando yosavuta ikuthandizira kutsimikiza kukongoletsa kosavuta.
- zamakono. Makhalidwe ofiira, obiriwira, wobiriwira, wachikasu, ofiira ndi lalanje ndi omwe amakulolani kuti mupatse khitchini kukhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso yoyambira.
- Chatekinoloje yapamwamba. Mitundu yakuda ya siliva yamapangidwe pamodzi ndi kuwunikira kowala kumathandizira kupanga kapangidwe kachilendo kwambiri komanso kowoneka bwino.
- Minimalism. Malingaliro amtundu wa buluu wokhala ndi zotuwa zoyera, malo ochepa - njira yabwino kwambiri kukhitchini yaying'ono.
- m'tawuni. Mitundu yomwe ilipo ya imvi-lilac imathandizira kupanga khitchini yodekha komanso yosangalatsa.
- zachikale. Mitundu yoyera yamipando yofiirira, pamodzi ndi kumaliza kumaliza (komanso mwina ma marsh splashes) apanga mawonekedwe abata komanso oyesedwa.
Kukongoletsa ndi kukongoletsa pazenera
Khitchini yaying'ono nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawindo ang'onoang'ono omwe sakuwunikira bwino chipinda mchipinda. Ichi ndichifukwa chake sikulimbikitsidwa kupachika zotseguka pazenera ndi zotchinga zokutira, zokutira. Makanema oterewa amapangitsa khitchini kukhala yamdima komanso yowonekera kuti ichepetse chipinda. Zosankha zabwino kwambiri pamakatani ang'onoang'ono ndi monga:
- tulle yayifupi (arched kapena mpaka pazenera). Nsalu zopota za Laconic zimawonjezera kupepuka mkati.
- roller blinds (makamaka masana / usiku). Kuchepetsa kwa kasamalidwe, kugundana kwa zinthu kumathandizira pakukongoletsa kwazenera kokongola komanso koyenera.
- Wachiroma. Mosiyana ndi akhungu odzigudubuza, amasonkhanitsidwa ndi kolodion yaing'ono. Adzathandizanso mwachidwi kutsegulira kwazenera.
- Austrian (yoyenera makhitchini okhala ndi 9 sq. M). Ndi bwino kusankha mitundu yotere kuchokera ku nsalu zopepuka zopepuka. Pakadali pano, azithandizira mawonekedwe amchipindacho.
Pazenera palokha, mutha kuyika timiphika tating'ono ta maluwa kapena zokoma. Zokongoletsa zilizonse zimadzaza mkati.
Kuyatsa ndi kuyatsa kokongoletsa
Kukonzekera kuyatsa kakhitchini kakang'ono ndi ntchito yosavuta. Kuunikira kwakukulu kumatha kukhala chandelier yayikulu yomwe ili pakatikati pa denga. Ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi malo owala omwe ali padenga mizere iwiri, kapena oyandikira mozungulira denga. Zounikira zoyendera bwino:
- Mzere wa LED. Amatha kukwera mwachindunji pansi pa makabati opachikidwa, kulola kuti malo onse owunikira awunikire.
- ma LED opanda zingwe. Magetsi ang'onoang'ono amalumikizidwa ndi matepi aziphatikizi pansi pa makabati. Ubwino wazinthu zowunikira ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo sipafunikira kulumikizana: amathamanga pamabatire.
- zowunikira mipando. Njira yowunikirayi ndiyabwino kokha pamakina okhitchini omwe amakhala ndi bala wamba pamwamba pa makabati. Ma luminaires amamangidwa pashelefu iyi.
Mipando ndi bala bala
Kukhazikitsa bar counter kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi mutu wamutu uliwonse mosawoneka bwino komanso wowoneka bwino. Mutha kuyika zowonjezera m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Pakhoma. Kapamwamba ka bar, komwe ndi kupitiriza (gawo limodzi mwamutu), kumachotsa kufunikira kokhazikitsa tebulo losiyana.
- M'njira ya arched (studio studio). Kulekana kakhitchini ndi chipinda chochezera ndi kapamwamba ndi njira yothandiza. Adzakhala ngati tebulo lodyera ndipo athandizira kuti pakatikati pa chipindacho pakhale mfulu.
- Kuyika kofanana ndi chomverera m'mutu (monga gawo lofanana ndi U). Malo a kauntala patsogolo pa malo ophikira amakulolani kuwunikira malo odyera ndikupanga chitonthozo chokwanira. Zowona, mipando yomwe ili pafupi ndi iye imatha kutsekereza olowera kuchipinda.
Kuyika mipando yosinthika ndichinthu chabwino. Mwachitsanzo, tebulo lomwe limapinda pansi pakhoma limapangitsa kuti ziziyenda mozungulira mukakhitchini kakang'ono. Palinso ma tebulo omwe amatha kudya. Njira yabwino ndi tebulo lodyera lokhala ndi otsekera m'mbali. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito posungira ziwiya, kuteteza.
Kukhazikitsa zida zapakhomo
Ngati zingatheke, zida zaku khitchini yaying'ono ziyenera kumangidwa. Chotsukira chotsukira mbale, firiji, uvuni wa mayikirowevu wotsekedwa kumbuyo kwa zomwe sizingasokoneze kapangidwe kake ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito eni ake. Ngati simungathe kubisa njirayi, ndiye kuti malangizo otsatirawa ndi oyenera:
- Ma microwave amatha kupachikidwa pakhoma kuti asunge malo. Mwachitsanzo, imatha kupezeka pansi pa imodzi mwa makabati opachikidwa.
- Kugula firiji wotsika (pafupifupi 1.5 mita kutalika) kumathandizira kutulutsa malo owonjezera kabati.
- Makina opanga ma multicooker atha kuyikika pamalo amodzi aulere kapena pawindo lalikulu. Ndi kuphika kosalekeza mumsika wamagetsi ambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ketulo yamagetsi, hob ikhoza kukhala yosafunikira konse. Koma tikulimbikitsidwabe kuti tisiye uvuni.
Malingaliro amkati amakhitchini amitundu yosiyanasiyana
Posankha khitchini, munthu sayenera kuiwala za mawonekedwe a chipinda chokha. Zomwe zimayikidwa pakupanga zinthu zam'mutu ndi zida zimadalira kapangidwe kake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kukhitchini ndi mipando iyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi ziwembu izi:
- Kuunikira zinthu zazikulu mchipinda. Sinki, papepala ndi chitofu ndizo zinthu zazikulu zomwe simungathe kuchita mukakhitchini. Ngati banjali likusowa ma mita owonjezera aulere, ndiye kuti mutha kusunthira firiji kulowera, ndikupanga khitchini kukhoma.
- Lembani dongosolo loyipa lokonzekera kukhitchini. Kawirikawiri, eni ake amapanga tebulo komanso mipando pafupi ndi zenera. Koma kuzipinda zina, njirayi sigwira ntchito: kwa iwo, malo omwe ali pansi pazenera ndipo malo ogwirira ntchito azikhala oyenera.
- Kugawidwa kwa malo ogwira ntchito m'magawo osiyana. Dongosolo momwe zinthu zimayikidwira ziyenera kupanga maphikidwe abwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukhazikitsa firiji pafupi ndi khomo lolowera kuchipinda, kukhoma lotsatira - lakuya, pang'ono pang'ono - chitofu.
Khitchini yopapatiza
Khitchini zazitali zazitali zimafunikira kulingalira mozama pa dongosolo la mipando. Kwa malo otere, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe mitundu yakakhitchini yokhala ndi gawo limodzi lokulirapo komanso mphindi yayifupi kwambiri. Mbali yayifupi izikhala pafupi ndi zenera. Gawo lalitali liyenera kukhala ndi slab.
Pafupi ndi khomo lolowera m'chipindacho, mutha kuyika firiji yaying'ono (ikhala ngati poyambira mbali yayitali yamutu).Sinki amathanso kupezeka kumtunda kwakutali kwa mutu wamutu, kapena ukhoza kuchitika pansi pazenera. Kumbali yake padzakhala malo ophikira kapena okonzera zida zapanyumba. Njira ina yosangalatsa ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito tebulo pansi pazenera ngati gome lodyera. Maziko awiri akhoza kuyikidwa pansi pa tebulo, ndipo gawo lapakati limatha kumasulidwa.
Zosiyana ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito odyera ndizoyenera banja la anthu 1-2 okha. Kwa banja lalikulu, tebulo lodyera liyenera kukhazikitsidwa padera.
Khitchini yayitali
M'makhitchini owoneka bwino, pali mwayi wambiri wokonza kakhitchini. Zosankha zotchuka kwambiri pakuyika mipando ndi zida zamagetsi:
- Khitchini imayikidwa m'mbali mwa khoma limodzi pafupi ndi khomo komanso pafupi ndi zenera. Firiji ili pafupi ndi khomo. Gome laling'ono lodyera lidayikidwa pakona pafupi ndi zenera.
- Firiji imayikidwa pafupi ndi zenera; gulu lodyera lili moyang'anizana nalo. Choikidwacho ndi "kupitiriza" kwa firiji, ndipo gawo lachiwiri la mipando limakhala mpaka pakhomo. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kukhitchini, khomo lomwe silikhala pakati pakhoma, koma pafupi ndi ngodya imodzi.
- Zoyikirazo ndi firiji zimayikidwa pambali imodzi mwamakoma ofanana ndi khomo. Gawo lachiwiri la chomverera m'makutu lili pafupi ndi zenera. Poyerekeza ndi gawo lalitali lamutu wamutu pali tebulo lodyera ndi sofa wophatikizika.
Kutsiliza
Makonzedwe oyenera a khitchini yaying'ono yokhala ndi kona yayikulu iyenera kukhala ndi magawo ambiri posankha mipando yoyenera. Mukamaganizira zosankha zoyenera, muyenera kuganizira momwe chipinda chimakhalira ndi mawonekedwe ake, malo olumikizirana, mwayi wokhazikitsira zikwangwani ndi zoyikapo. Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa kwa mitundu ndi mawonekedwe amachitidwe azinthu: mgwirizano wamkati umadalira magawo awa.
Kuphatikiza apo, eni ake akuyenera kusamala popanga kuyatsa koyenera kukhitchini yonse komanso malo ogwira ntchito omwe. Ayeneranso kulingalira za kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida za kukhitchini zomwe agwiritsa ntchito. Mutha kuchepetsa ntchito yokonza khitchini poyamba kupanga mapulani anyumba ndi njira zingapo zokonzera mipando. Mutawunika zabwino ndi zoyipa za yankho lililonse, mutha kupanga zikhalidwe zabwino zophikira, kudya ndi kupumula ngakhale mukakhitchini kakang'ono ka Khrushchev.
