Chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito awo, mapanelo okongoletsa adatchuka kwambiri pamsika womanga. Amakulolani kuchita popanda kufunika kolumikiza ndege zapakhoma, kwinaku mukubisa zolakwika zonse ndi kulumikizana. Zitha kukhala ngati chokongoletsera choyambirira. Kukhazikitsa kwa mapanelo kumayang'aniridwa ndi pafupifupi munthu aliyense: kukhazikitsa sikutanthauza luso laukadaulo ndipo kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri. Mapangidwe azokongoletsera zokongoletsera zamkati zamkati amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana: kuchokera kumalo ogulitsa mpaka nyumba zogona. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa, nyumba yokongoletsera imatha kupangidwa ndi manja anu m'nyumba mwanu. Msikawu umapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kenako, tikambirana mitundu yayikulu.
Mbali ndi maubwino
Musanasankhe zinthu zokutira mkati mwa nyumba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muganizire zabwino zamakongoletsedwe.
Magwiridwe ake ndi mtengo wake wa demokalase zomwe zatsimikizira kutukuka kokulira kwa zomwe zikuwoneka.
Tiyeni tilembere zabwino zazikulu zomwe zimapezeka pomaliza izi:
- Monga tanena kale, kuphatikiza ndikosafunikira kokonza khoma lokongoletsera. Kupaka pulasitala sikuchitika, komabe, malo athyathyathya amapangidwa potuluka;
- Kutengera ndi zomwe zidapangidwa, khoma lokongoletsera limatsimikizira kutentha ndi kutulutsa mawu m'chipindacho, kuthana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kapena chinyezi;
- Kusunga nthawi kumakwaniritsidwa chifukwa chokhazikitsa kosavuta kwambiri kwa zinthu zokutira. Kugwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira mwachizolowezi kumalola kuyika mwachangu kwambiri;
- Zipangizo zokongoletsera zamakoma zimakupatsani mwayi wobisa zolumikizana pansi pawo;
- Zida zimadziwika ndi moyo wautali chifukwa chokana kukakamira;
- Mitundu yotakata kwambiri, kusankha kwa zinthu zopangira mapanelo ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo;
- Zomwe zimafunikira popereka chisamaliro ndi nsalu yonyowa;
- Kuyika kumatha kuchitidwa mosiyanasiyana (mozungulira, mozungulira, ndi zina zambiri);
- Zopangira moyenera zimatsanzira anzawo achilengedwe.
Ndikothekanso kugawa magawo azokongoletsera zamkati zamakoma mwa mawonekedwe omasula ndi mtundu wazinthu zomwe agwiritsa ntchito.
Mitundu yayikulu yomasulidwa
Mitundu itatu imayimirira apa:
- Matailosi. Ndizopangidwa mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe okhwima achikale. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa makoma onse, osasankhapo. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe okongoletsa akunja, zinthu zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi zipinda zina. Kutalika kwa mapanelo kutha kukhala mita imodzi, pomwe m'lifupi - mpaka theka la mita. Chifukwa cha kusankha, zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga zojambulajambula. Chogulitsidwa bwino chimayikidwa pa khwawa lamatabwa (kuchokera pa bar) kuti akhazikike pakhoma;
- Reiki. Mtundu uwu ndiwofanana kwambiri ndi kulumikizana, koma ukhoza kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kutalika kwamakona amakona anayi kumatha kufikira pafupifupi 4 mita, pomwe m'lifupi ndi 0.3 m yokha. Kuyika kumachitika mbali iliyonse, ndipo ma clamp amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti abise. Popeza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwiritsira ntchito rack ndi pinion sikutanthauza kuchepa kwa kukula kwa chipindacho, amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito muzipinda zazing'ono. Nthawi zambiri, njira yolumikizira mapanelo wina ndi mnzake ndiomwe amatchedwa minga;
- Mapepala amapaneti. Kutalika kwa mapanelo sikupitilira 1 cm, pomwe kutalika kumatha kufikira 2.5 mita.Kukonzekera mawonekedwe amtundu wamakoma okongoletsera, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zomata zomata, osangokhala lathing imodzi pamakoma. Kutsanzira kapangidwe kachilengedwe kameneka kumakupatsani mwayi woti mungaganizire mawonekedwe amchipindacho. Izi zimagwira ntchito pamtengo, chitsulo, mwala, ndi zina zambiri. Malumikizowo amabisika pogwiritsa ntchito kuumba. Monga chinthu chopangira, fiberboard kapena MDF yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Pamwamba pazinthu zambiri zimakutidwa ndi zowonjezera.
Mitundu yazinthu
Zokongoletsera khoma zokhala zachilengedwe kapena zachilengedwe.
Mitundu yotsatirayi ikusiyanitsidwa:
- Zomata zokongoletsera zopangidwa ndi matabwa achilengedwe;
- MDF ndi mapepala a chipboard;
- Mapanelo a fiberboard;
- Mapanelo a nkhuni;
- Mapanelo a 3D;
- Galasi;
- Mapanelo a PVC;
- Pulasitala;
- Pulasitiki;
- Mapangidwe amiyala yamwala
Kuti mudziwe kuti ndi chiyani komanso ndi zinthu ziti zomwe mungasankhe bwino, tikambirana mbali zawo zazikulu.
Mapanelo matabwa
Kukutira khoma ndi matabwa achilengedwe kumadziwika ndi kutonthoza kwapadera. Nyumbayo imakhala yolemera komanso yolimba nthawi yomweyo. Kuti izi zitheke, ukadaulo waukadaulo umagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamitengo.
Chovalacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kumaliza kwa mitundu yamtengo wapatali monga mtedza wokongola kapena chitumbuwa chabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika ndi zokutira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuphatikiza apo, kukongoletsa kokongola kwa mithunzi yotchuka ndikotchuka. Poganizira kuti matabwa ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe kazamkati, kukongoletsa kumeneku kwakhala kopindulitsa kwenikweni kwa opanga.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mapanelo amitengo kumakhala kochepa chifukwa chazotheka kuziyika muzipinda zamadzi. M'bafa kapena mukhitchini yankhanza, palibe impregnation yoteteza yomwe imapulumutsa nkhuni zachilengedwe.
M'zipinda zina zonse, tikulimbikitsidwanso kuti tiziteteza izi munjira iliyonse kutentha kapena kusintha kwa chinyezi, kuti zotsalazo zizikhala 60%. Kupanda kutero, kulanda kosasangalatsa kumatha kuchitika mosavuta. Komanso pakati pa zovuta za matabwa achilengedwe ndi mtengo wake wokwera.
MDF
Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pokongoletsa malo okhala, popeza luso la kapangidwe kake limapangitsa kuti zisachotsedwe pazinthu zomalizidwa monga zinthu zosatetezeka monga epoxy resin ndi phenol, zomwe zimawononga thanzi la munthu.
Izi zimatheka potulutsa zinyalala zotentha. Pamapeto pake pakupanga, kanema wokongoletsa wokhala ndi mtundu wapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chithunzicho chimatha kutengera mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe amtengo, njerwa zokongola. Kusankha mawonekedwe kumatanthauzanso kuthekera kwa matte kapena gloss.
Kusamalira mapanelo okongoletsera a MDF ndikosavuta kwambiri, chifukwa mungachite ndi nsalu yonyowa wamba. Lamination sipatsa dothi mwayi wokonza pakhoma.
Mapepala a MDF ndiosavuta kuyika, ndipo zokongoletsera zomangira ndi zina zina mumtundu womwewo zimapulumutsa nthawi. Nthawi yomweyo, kalembedwe kamakhalabe kofanana mchipinda chonse.
Zamgululi
Magwiridwe antchito a nkhaniyi ndi oipirapo pang'ono kuposa aja am'mbuyomu. Kukula kwa zinthuzo kumatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chipinda.
Komabe, zovuta izi zimakwaniritsidwa chifukwa cha mtengo wa bajeti komanso mitundu yambiri yamitundu.
Fomu yomasulira ikhoza kukhala iliyonse mwazinthu zitatu zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ndipo mawonekedwe ake pamwamba amakhala ndi chilichonse.
Zikopa ndi zofolera matabwa ndizofala.
Chipboard
Ubwino waukulu wamtunduwu ndi mtengo wake wademokalase. Pazokongoletsa, zinthuzo nthawi zambiri zimaphimbidwa ndi pulasitiki wowoneka bwino kapena wokongoletsera.
Kulemera kwazithunzi zazitali kumapangitsa kuti kuyika kwawo kukhale kovuta, komanso kusowa kwa chinyezi kumapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zipinda zothandiza (chipinda chothandizira, khonde, khonde);
Bamboo
Ngakhale adachokera poyambira, nsungwi zimasiyananso ndi mitundu ina.
Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo kwa chinyezi (poyerekeza ndi mitundu yazikhalidwe), komanso kupepuka kwa zinthuzo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa chipinda mumtundu wamtundu, kapena m'dziko lomwelo.
Mapanelo 3D
Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kamasanjidwe atatu, amadziwika ndi chinyengo chake cha voliyumu.
Kupanga maziko apamwamba kwambiri, ma thumba olimbikitsira amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso ngati chosanjikiza chokongoletsera, malonda ake amakhala ndi kanema wapadera wa polyvinyl (nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito enamel).
Ma khoma azithunzi a 3D adatchuka kwambiri chifukwa chamitundu yosiyanasiyana kotero kuti opanga amayenera kupereka mwayi wokongoletsa malo ena aliwonse (mipando, denga) nawo.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera ngati chinthu chokongoletsera chapadera kapena ngati cholowetsera chokongoletsera chachikulu. Zomalizazi zimakupatsani mwayi wokonza magawidwe ogwira ntchito.
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugula nyali zoyambirira limodzi ndi mapanelo azokongoletsa a 3D, omwe amatha kukulitsa zomwe mukufuna. Zinthu zokongoletsedwazo, zikawululidwa kuwala wofewa, zimatsimikizira kudulidwa kodabwitsa.
Pulasitiki
Mapanelo okongoletsera a PFC amadziwika ndikosavuta kwawo kusamalira (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala wamba apanyumba), komanso mtengo wawo wotsika mtengo. Amatha kupereka mawu odalirika komanso kutchinjiriza kwachipinda.
Chifukwa chokana chinyezi, kulowerera ndale komanso kutsika ndi zina zaukhondo, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzimbudzi kapena zipinda zosapsa. Komabe, zokongoletsera zamtunduwu sizimasiyana pakulimbana ndi kupsinjika kwamakina.
Pambuyo pazaka zochepa, utoto umatha kusokonekera chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndikupangitsa kuti kumaliza kuzimiririka.
Chosavuta china chamtunduwu ndikuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zazing'ono. Pachifukwa chomwecho, mapanelo apulasitiki amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osakhala okha.
Galasi
Kufunika kwamtunduwu kumachitika chifukwa cha ntchito zina.
Mphamvu pokhudzana ndi zochitika zachilengedwe, moyo wautali wautali, kukana chinyezi, komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito kujambula zithunzi.
Zithunzi zoterezi zidzadziwika ndi kutalika kwa moyo wawo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi okongoletsera kukhitchini sikudabwitsa aliyense.
Zodzikongoletsera zantchito yomwe imagwira ntchito mchipindacho nthawi zonse zimalimbikitsa chidwi cha wolandila wolimbikira.
Mwala wowonekera mwala
Amadziwika ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yothandiza. Maonekedwe achilengedwe amwala wamtchire amaphatikizidwa mogwirizana ndi kulemera kwake.
Kuphatikiza pa fanolo, kulimba komwe kumapezeka mwachilengedwe m'chilengedwe kumatha kumveka mwanjira yovuta. Kukula kwa mbale sikudutsa mamilimita ochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukhazikitsa pamakoma.
Kutsiliza
Mitundu yokongoletsa kwambiri yazipangitsa kuti ikhale yofunikira pakukongoletsa kwamkati. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, komanso kukwanitsa kwamitengo yawo, kwathandiza kwambiri pakufalitsa katundu.
