Momwe mungapangire chidole ndi manja anu

Akuluakulu amaiwala maloto aubwana. Makamaka atsikana omwe, ali mwana, amalingalira za tsogolo lawo labwino. Wina amalota za kukongola, kuyimba, zinthu zokongola, ena amaganiza za moyo wawo wachikulire wochuluka, atazunguliridwa ndi ana osangalala, ali ndi mwamuna wachidwi m'nyumba yayikulu yowala. Koma onse adalota nyumba yawoyokha, yomwe ingapangitse kuti akwaniritse mapulani awo. Mibadwo imalowa m'malo mwake, koma zokhumba za atsikana sizisintha.

Mbiri yakupezeka kwazoseweretsa zidabwerera zaka makumi khumi. Pali zitsanzo zomwe zimapezeka ku Egypt zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kukhalapo kwa boma la BC. e. Ku Europe, zinthu ngati izi zimangopezeka m'mabanja olemera okha, koma pakapita nthawi zonse zidasintha. Tsopano malo ogulitsira ana ali ndi chilichonse kuyambira pa Barbie wakale mpaka pamakatuni omwe amakonda kwambiri omwe amatha kukhala m'nyumba zachifumu. Komabe, kukwera mtengo kwamanyazi kwa nyumba zotere kungadabwe kholo. Koma, musakhumudwe, mutha kusangalatsa mwana wanu ndi chidole chopangidwa ndi manja anu.

Ubwino wopanga nyumba ndi manja anu

Zaluso zilizonse, makamaka zomwe zimapangidwira ana anu, zimadzazidwa ndi kutentha, zimakhala ndi mphamvu, ndipo zimabweretsa chisangalalo kwa mwanayo. Pogwira ntchito, kuwonetseredwa kwawokha komanso zaluso zimawonetsedwa. Mutha kusonkhanitsa mamembala onse am'banja, kucheza ndi zosangalatsa kuzunguliridwa ndi okondedwa anu. Chifukwa chake tiyeni tiwone maubwino azodzipangira okha:

• Zokha, zoyambira. Nyumbayi idzakhala yosiyana chifukwa ndi luso limodzi. Palibe wina amene adzakhala nazo. Makampani opanga mafakitale amawapanga dala ndi zinthu zomwe zimawawononga, kapena kapangidwe kamene kamakhala kosavomerezeka, koma ndi zinthu zokongola kwambiri. Izi zimachitika dala. Zoseweretsa zowoneka bwino ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri;
• Nthawi zonse mumafashoni. Chojambula chomwe chimapangidwira sichidzataya kufunikira kwake. Sizitengera zotsatsa. Chinthu chabwino chidzakondedwa ndi eni ake kwa nthawi yayitali;
• Ndege yongopeka. Mukamapanga nyumba, mutha kukhala ndi zofuna za mwanayo. Itha kukhala pakompyuta, kukula kwa anthu. Mukhale ndi malo ogulitsira angapo, zipinda zingapo, mawindo, zinthu zamkati;
• Kusunga bajeti yanu yakunyumba. Kuphatikiza pa zosangalatsa zosangalatsa, nyumba yokhayokha idzapulumutsa ndalama.

Mwanayo ayenera kutenga nawo mbali pakupanga nyumbayo. Nthawi zonse amakuwuzani zomwe angafune kuti awone zomwe amayembekezera kuchokera pakupangidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, amayamikira kwambiri chidole chake.

Kulemba ntchito

Nyumbayi ndi loto losangalatsa la atsikana ambiri. Zimapereka mpata wopuma mokwanira, kusewera ndi anzanu, ndikupangitsa kuti zofuna za ana zichitike. Ntchito yopanga chinthu imayamba ndi funso momwe mungapangire chidole ndi manja anu, zida ziti zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito, komanso kukula kwake kudzatsimikizika. Kuti muchite izi, pangani projekiti yamtsogolo. Zimakhala posamutsa lingalirolo pamapepala. Muyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina:

1. Kugwira ntchito. Nyumba yomwe ikumangidwa iyenera kukhala yothandiza. Pezani miyezo inayake, khalani ndi mawonekedwe akunja akunja komanso amkati. Khalani abwino monga zosankha za fakitole.
2. Kupanga kosavuta. Ntchito yolembedwa pamanja iyenera kuchitidwa popanda zokhumudwitsa zosafunikira. Maseketi ovuta amafunikira maluso apadera. Izi zidzafuna chidziwitso.
3. Kuwerengera. Ndikofunika kuwerengera kupezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zofunika. Sankhani zida zofunika kugwirira ntchito yomwe ikubwera.
4. Zojambula zolondola ndizofunikira kuti muchite bwino. Maonekedwe, kulondola kwamakonzedwe amtsogolo zimadalira izi. Mutha kutsitsa mitundu yokonzeka kuchokera pa intaneti, ngati muli ndi luso, pangani zojambulazo nokha, mugwiritse ntchito mapulogalamu apadera. Chojambula choyambirira chitha kujambulidwa papepala.

Mawonekedwe, kuchuluka kwa malo ogulitsira komanso kukula kwa nyumbayo

Gawo lofunika pakupanga ndikuzindikira kukula ndi nyumbayo. Itha kukhala yosakwatiwa kapena yosanja kawiri. Khalani amakona anayi, mawonekedwe ozungulira. Ndikotheka kupanga nyumba yachifumu yokhala ndi nsanja zozungulira. Magawo azinthuzo ndi osiyana, zimatengera gawo la chipinda cha ana, zofuna za mwanayo, malingaliro a wolemba. Mukamajambula zithunzi, ganizirani zofunikira izi:

• Kutalika kwa denga mchipinda kumatsimikiziridwa kuchokera kutalika kwa omwe amakhala pachidole chake, nthawi zambiri kukula kwake kwa chidole. Kufunika koteroko kumakupatsani mwayi wosinthira mosavuta okhala mnyumbamo muzipinda;
• Kuzama kwa zipindazo kumawerengedwa kuchokera pakufunika kwa malo aulere oyika zinthu zomwe zaikidwa mkati. Kutalika kumadalira dera lonse la kapangidwe kake, kuchuluka kwa zipinda;
• Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimakhudza dera komanso kutalika kwa malonda. Chovala chilichonse chimakhala ndi kuthekera kopirira katundu wosiyanasiyana, kuti chikhalebe choyambirira;
• Pogwiritsa ntchito zipinda ziwiri, zipinda ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino. Chipinda choyamba chimadziwika ndi khitchini, chipinda cholowera, chipinda chochezera, chachiwiri - chipinda chogona, holo, ofesi. Muthanso kupereka kupezeka kwa chipinda chapamwamba, khonde, pakhonde.

Nyumba zazing'ono ndizovuta kwambiri kupanga. Ndizovuta kugwira ntchito ndi zazing'ono, ndizovuta kukhazikitsa mawindo, zitseko, kukongoletsa zipinda.

Zida zomangira chidole

Mukamamanga nyumba, chinthu chofunikira ndikusankha zinthu zoyenera, osati zokhazokha, komanso zinthu zonse zomwe zimapanga (tebulo, mpando, kama, zovala). Zida zonse ziyenera kukhala zamphamvu komanso zodalirika. Kwa ana ochepera zaka zitatu, ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito matabwa, opanda varnish kapena utoto. Izi ndichifukwa choti mwana amafuna kulawa chilichonse, amatha kumenyetsa, kunyambita chidole.

Kapangidweko kakhoza kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopangira: matabwa, pulasitiki, chitsulo, nsalu, plywood, linoleum, ubweya wa thonje, laminate. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti nyumbayo imakhala yolimba, yolimba, siyimagwa koyamba ndi mwana. Nyumba zothandiza kwambiri, zokhazikika zimamangidwa ndi matabwa, plywood, laminate. Sasiyana kwambiri ndi zopangidwa ndi fakitale. Tiyeni tikhale mwatsatanetsatane pazinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga.

Plywood

Ndi chisankho chabwino kupanga zaluso. Ndi bolodi laminated lopangidwa ndikulumikiza mizere ingapo yonyezimira. Ali ndi zabwino zingapo, zomwe zafotokozedwa mu:

• Mphamvu yayikulu. Zoseweretsa zimakhala ndi moyo wautali, sizimaphwanya m'manja mwa ana;
• Kunja. Mzere wonyamulira wapamwamba umakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake;
• Kutentha kochepa. Plywood ndi ofunda kukhudza - yofunika khalidwe kwa mwana;
• Kusamalira mosavuta. Kujambula, kudula, kuboola, mphero, kulumikiza sikungakhale kovuta;
• Mtengo wololera. Nyumba ya plywood imafuna zinthu zopangira pang'ono, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika.

Zomwe zili mu formaldehyde mu guluu ziyenera kukhala zochepa, zogwirizana ndi E0. Mankhwala osungira zachilengedwe amafunikira kwa mwana.

Kuyamba kumaphatikizapo kukonzekera zida ndi zida. Pazomwe tikufunikira: plywood yansalu, osachepera 5 mm wakuda; chinyengo cha nkhuni kapena jigsaw; PVA, guluu wamatabwa, tepi yotchinga; zidutswa za wallpaper (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zotsalira za ntchito yokonza); zida zoyezera, pensulo, cholembera.

Gawo lotsatira lakumanga ndikukonzekera kujambula. Mutha kutsitsa kuchokera pa netiweki, jambulani nokha. Kukhala ndi zonse zomwe tikufuna, tiyeni tigwire ntchito. Ganizirani sitepe ndi sitepe mater class:

1. Timajambula ma tempulo molingana ndi zojambulazo, zomwe timasamutsira papepala.
2. Timadula zinthu zomangira ndi hacksaw kapena jigsaw, kudula mawindo, zitseko.
3. Timatsuka ngodya zakuthwa ndi m'mbali ndi fayilo, sandpaper.
4. Pogwiritsa ntchito guluu kapena misomali, timalumikiza zinthu zonse, kuyambira polowa m'makoma ammbali mpaka pansi, kenako ndikupita kumbuyo.
5. Felemu ikakonzeka, timapitilira kugawa, timakonza denga pamwamba.
6. Ngati pali chipinda chachiwiri, timachitiranso msonkhano mofananamo.
7. Timayika padenga, timayimira chophimba padenga, mwachitsanzo, penti yomata, makatoni odulidwa bwino.
8. Gawo lotsatira lidzakhala zokongoletsa zamkati. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kumata filimu ndi matabwa pansi, kulumikiza nsalu, kuyika linoleum. Makomawo ajambulidwa, okutidwa ndi mapepala.
9. Ngati nyumbayo ili ndi zipinda zochulukirapo, masitepe amatha kukhazikitsidwa mkati.
10. Pamapeto pake, timakonza zinthu zamkati, ndikuziyika mkati mwa zidole.

Wood

Kugwira ntchito ndi mitengo kumakhala kovuta pang'ono. Pakukonza dongosolo, zida ndi zida zotsatirazi zidzafunika:

• pepala, rula, mita, pensulo;
• matabwa a mitundu ikuluikulu kapena yaying'ono yamtundu wochepa kwambiri (malinga ndi GOST osachepera 16 mm);
• plywood, fayilo, sandpaper;
• matabwa zomata, misomali;
• mipiringidzo yamatabwa;
• macheka ozungulira, jigsaw, zida zogwiritsira ntchito pamanja;
• mask oteteza, magalasi.

Ntchitoyi imachitika magawo angapo:

1. Timakonza ma templates molingana ndi zojambulazo.
2. Timagwiritsa ntchito ma tempuleti kubungwe ndikusamutsira chizindikiro chake.
3. Tidalemba zojambula zogwirira ntchito ndi macheka ozungulira.
4. Dulani malo otsetsereka okhala ndi madigiri 45 padenga lawo m'malo mwamalumikizidwe awo.
5. Kudula mawindo ndi zitseko ndi jigsaw, kuboola m'mbali mwa dzenje.
6. Timapanga kukula komaliza kwa mipata ndi zida zamagetsi, ngati palibe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito fayilo.
7. Makona akuthwa m'mphepete ndi mabowo onse amakhala mchenga ndi sandpaper.
8. Timasonkhanitsa kapangidwe kathu ndi guluu ndi misomali. Timakhoma pamakoma ammbali pansi, omwe amayenera kufikira padenga, pali magawano apakati pakati pawo. Timayika padenga.
9. Monga khoma lakumbuyo, timagwiritsa ntchito plywood, fiberboard yokhala ndi makulidwe opitilira 3 mm. Iyenera kukulira m'mbali zonse ndi mamilimita ochepa. Pambuyo pokonza ndi makina amphero, timamaliza kukonza makoma anyumbayo.
10. Timayika khonde ngati kuli kofunikira. Kuti muchite izi, tengani mipiringidzo inayi yofanana, ikani dzenje kumtunda, komwe timayika ma slats ozungulira omwe amakhala ngati magawano. Komanso, dongosolo ili anaika pa mphete wapadera.
11. Pamapeto pake, timayika chimbudzi padenga, kutsuka malondawo kuchokera kufumbi.

Chipboard

Bungweli, lomwe limapangidwa pokanikiza tchipisi tamatabwa, limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando. Zosavuta kuthana nazo. Muli formaldehyde. Pogwira ntchito, tengani malonda ndi mtundu wa umuna E0, E1. Kuti timange nyumba, tiyenera:

• mapepala a chipboard, kuyambira 8 mm wandiweyani, wokhala ndi veneer, pepala, kapena chipboard chopaka, yokutidwa ndi kanema wa polima;
• zomangira, zomangira, zomatira;
• kuboola ndi nozzles wapadera kudula mabowo;
• jigsaw, hacksaw;
• pepala, pensulo yosavuta;
• zida zoyezera.

Miyeso yopanga nyumba yokhala ndi khonde lotseguka komanso denga lokwera:

1. Tumizani zojambulazo pamapepala a plywood.
2. Dulani magawo onse amapangidwe.
3. Timalumikiza makoma ammbali ndi magawano kumunsi. Kukonzekera kumachitika ndi zomangira zokhazokha. Kumalo omwe amalumikizidwa, mabowo amafunikira kuti pepala la chipboard lisawonongeke;
4. Kenako, timakonza denga, lomwe likhala maziko a chipinda chachiwiri.
5. Kuti apange denga lokhetsedwa, khoma lomwe khonde limalumikizirako limapangidwa kukhala lalitali kuposa loyambalo. Timawamangira denga lawo.
6. Khoma lakumbali ndi magawano a khonde ndi amodzi, koma mbali zake ziyenera kudulidwa.
7. Tisanalumikize magawidwe akumbuyo, timayamba tikubooleza mawonekedwe a bwalo, chifukwa timagwiritsa ntchito kuboola ndi mphuno yapadera.

Laminate

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yazokonza matabwa kuti mupange dongosolo. Zojambulajambula ndizofanana ndi matabwa. Ndi awa:

• matabwa a laminate 8, 12 mm wandiweyani;
• pepala, cholembera, wolamulira;
• jigsaw, kubowola;
• guluu, mpeni wolemba.

Mukamapanga nyumba yotereyi, anthu omwe ali ndi zida zomangira zotsalira akamaliza adzakhala ndi mwayi. Ganizirani za kalasi yayikulu pakupanga nyumba ndi garaja ndi denga lamatabwa:

1. Tijambula chithunzi, ndikutsitsa pa netiweki.
2. Ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono, khoma limatha kupangidwa kuchokera pa bolodi limodzi, m'lifupi mwake liyenera kukhala lokwanira. Pazinthu zazikulu, muyenera kulumikizana ndi ma lamellas angapo.
3. Kuchokera mbali yakutsogolo tidadula mawindo, chitseko ndi chipata cholowera ku garaja. Pakhoma lammbali kuchokera mbali ya garaja, timapanga mabowo ozungulira ndi kubowola kokhala ndi mphuno, azikhala ngati magwiridwe antchito a mpweya wabwino. Mawindo apambali safunika; iwo amachita bwino kwambiri pagawo lakumbuyo.
4. Timagwiritsa ntchito matabwa akuluakulu 12 mm ngati maziko.
5. Makoma amatha kulumikizidwa ndi guluu, ndibwino kuwamangirira ndi ngodya zachitsulo, ndikuwayika pamphambano wamkati wamagawo.
6. Mbali yakutsogolo ndi yochotseka.
7. Pomaliza, timayika padenga.
8. Ngati muli ndi nthawi yambiri yaulere, mutha kupanga chitseko cholowera ndi zipata kuchokera ku laminate, ndikuziphatika ndi zingwe zazing'ono.

Zowuma

Zomwe zimachokera kuzinthu zopepuka ndizopepuka, koma ndizosalimba. Kuti mupange nyumba muyenera:

• pepala loyanika;
• PVA guluu, ukalipentala;
• pensulo, zida zoyezera;
• zomangamanga, ngodya yachitsulo, mbiri.

Gawo ndi sitepe kalasi ya master yanyumba yokhazikika yokhala ndi zipinda zitatu:

1. Tikulemba pepala lowuma.
2. Choyamba, tidula makoma awiri ammbali ndi mpeni womanga, kenako magawo awiri opingasa.
3. Timayika makoma athu ammbali m'mphepete kuti akhale ofanana, ali pamlingo womwewo. Kumalo omwe magawowa amamangiriridwa, timapanga dzenje mbali zonse ziwiri ndikukonzekera ngodya, zomwe zithandizanso. Mapepala a plasterboard, kumapeto kwake moyandikana ndi makoma, amafalikira ndi guluu ndikuyika pamakona, omwe amatha kubisidwa ndi putty.
4. Dulani maziko. Timagwirizananso ndi kapangidwe kake ndi guluu ndi ngodya.
5. Ikani gulu lakumbuyo. Pakukonzekera koyambirira, timagwiritsa ntchito scotch tepi.
6. Timakonza denga kumbali ndi pambali ya khoma lakumbuyo. Kuti tipeze kupindika, sitimadula kaye pepala lowuma.
7. Gawo lomaliza ndikukhazikitsa magawo owoneka bwino, makamaka m'modzi wawo wolimbitsa denga.
8. Ngati ndi kotheka, malonda akhoza mafoni. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kulimbitsa maziko poyika mawonekedwe amakona anayi kuchokera pagulu lanyumba, pomwe mawilo amalumikizidwa.

Styrofoam

Zipangizo zotsika mtengo zomwe zimapezeka pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse. Nthawi zambiri zimakhalabe kuyambira pakukhazikitsa zida zapanyumba. Ndizovuta kwambiri. Muyenera kugwira nawo ntchito mosamala. Kuti tipeze chinthu, tiyenera:

• pepala polystyrene;
• machesi, otsukira mano;
• denga thovu plinth;
• kuyeza zinthu, guluu kapena mfuti;
• mpeni wa zolembera.

Gawo lotsata ndi motere:

1. Timajambula zojambula ndikupanga mawonekedwe.
2. Ndi mpeni wolemba zinthu, tinadula zoperewera molingana ndi ma tempulo. Pofuna kupewa mawonekedwe a zinyenyeswazi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni wapadera kuti muthe thovu.
3. Tinadula zitseko ndi zenera pamakoma.
4. Timamangiriza makoma, denga, m'munsi mwa wina ndi mnzake ndi zotsukira mano kapena machesi. Timaboola malekezero ndi mawonekedwe ammbali mwa ndege za thovu (mafupa). Mukalumikiza ziwalo, zimaphatikizidwanso m'malo olumikizirana.
5. Timasonkhanitsa chipinda choyamba cha nyumbayo, kuyambira ndikukhazikitsa mbali yakutsogolo, kenako mbali zinazo.
6. Timasonkhanitsa chipinda chachiwiri ndikufanizira ndi choyambirira.
7. Timagwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kupanga denga, azilimbitsa.
8. Timamangirira pamwamba padenga ndi machesi, ndikuwonjezeranso ndi tepi, mpaka guluu liume.
9. Timamanga masitepe pakati pa pansi. Amapangidwanso kuchokera ku thovu la polystyrene. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito timitengo ta nsungwi ngati chipongwe (amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kulimbitsa kapangidwe kake).
10. Pamapeto pake, kumaliza kwakunja ndi mkati kumachitika. Chodulira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zenera.

Makatoni

Nyumba ya makatoni ndi nyumba yosadalirika. Msungwanayo azithyola mwachangu. Zinthuzo zimapindika mosavuta. Chogulitsa chimapangidwa kuchokera:

• makatoni a malata;
• pensulo, wolamulira;
• lumo, mpeni wolemba;
• tepi yamagetsi, guluu, tepi yoyera.

Ukadaulo wopanga choseweretsa cha ana uli motere:

1. Chojambulacho chimasinthidwa kukhala makatoni, pomwe zidutswa za kapangidwe kameneka zimadulidwa.
2. Kutsegula kwazenera kumapangidwa mu katoni.
3. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zonse zomanga zimalumikizidwa palimodzi.
4. Pofuna kulimbitsa nyumbayi, m'mphepete mwa makomawo sanadulidwe, koma atakulungidwa ndikulumikizidwa ndi ndege zina.
5. Mbali za denga lomwe limatuluka panja pa nyumbayo zimayenera kulumikizidwa ndi tepi, tepi.
6. Nyumbayi ndi yofooka kwambiri, choncho ndi bwino kuyikamo chidole chaching'ono. Mipando, motsatana, iyeneranso kukhala yopepuka, yaying'ono.

Nyumba zochokera mipando yakale

Kukonza nyumba, nyumba, kukonzanso mkati mwake nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi kugula mipando yatsopano, pomwe yakale imapita ku loggia, chipinda chapamwamba, kuchipinda chapansi. Tiyenera kusindikiza zitini, chifukwa ovala osagwiritsidwa ntchito, makabati, mashelufu azikhala chinthu chofunikira pomanga chidole. Kugwira ntchito ndi mtunduwo sikungatenge nthawi yambiri, chifukwa makoma, kudenga, m'munsi zakonzeka kale. Kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi zida zonse zosewerera. Kuntchito timafunikira:

• pensulo, zinthu zoyezera;
• plywood, bolodi;
• nyundo, screwdriver, jigsaw, chopukusira;
• misomali, zomangira;
• mipando yakale;
• utoto, guluu.

Gawo lililonse limakhala ndi izi:

1. Felemu yanyumbayi yakonzeka kale, imatsalira pomanga denga. Kuti muchite izi, yesani kukula kwa kabati ndi kuzama kwake. Kenako tidadula matabwa, ndikupanga kutsetsereka kwa madigiri 45 kumtunda. Chifukwa kuya kwa kabati ndikokulirapo kuposa bolodi wamba, muyenera kuluka zidutswa zingapo pamodzi. Pambuyo pokonza denga, timalimbikitsanso ndi magawidwe m'mbali, nthawi yomweyo timagawa chipinda chapamwamba m'magawo angapo.
2. Magawo ofukula alumali atha kusiyidwa, ngati kuli koyenera onjezani zatsopano.
3. Zitseko zotsekera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbali yakutsogolo ya nyumba yomwe imatseka. Kenako, tinadula mawindo ngati kuli kofunikira, pakhomo, pogwiritsa ntchito jigsaw ndi kuboola.
4. Gawo lotsatira ndikutsuka mawonekedwe amkati ndi akunja ndi chopukusira kuchokera pachovala chakale. Kenako timatsuka dothi lonse, ndikupaka utoto wosanjikiza.
5. Zochita zonsezi zikugwirizana ndi kukongoletsa zomwe zidapangidwazo.

Nyumba yochokera pamakatoni

Njira yosavuta yopangira nyumba. Ndikofunika kusankha mabokosi amitundu yoyenera. Zida zogwirira ntchito zimafunikiranso osachepera:

• makatoni a zida zapakhomo, imvi wamba;
• pensulo, wolamulira;
• mpeni wa zolembera, stapler, guluu.

Kugwira ntchito ndi izi ndi izi:

1. Timagwiritsa ntchito mabokosi olimba pazinthu zapanyumba monga pansi, chofunikira ndikuti ali ndi kukula kofanana.
2. Tinadula mawindo m'mbali mwa bokosi lililonse.
3. Timamatira mabokosi atatu palimodzi, ndikusiya bokosi pamwamba popanda magawano, omwe amakhala ngati denga.
4. Timapitilira padenga. Kuti tichite izi, timatenga zikuto zamakatoni odulidwa ndikudula mizere iwiri, yomwe idzakhala yotsetsereka padenga. Kupinda ndi kuwonjezera m'mphepete mwake, timazikonza ndi makoma ammbali komanso pamwamba padenga pakati pa wina ndi mnzake pogwiritsa ntchito stapler ndi guluu. Timaphatikizanso khoma lakumbuyo kwa chipinda chamkati.
5. Magawo amkati amatha kukhazikitsidwa kuchokera pamakatoni osiyana, kapena mutha kusankha kukula kwa mabokosi omwe angakwane pansi, ndikulimbikitsanso kapangidwe kake.
6. Timakongoletsa nyumbayo ndi nsalu, mphonje, maliboni, zopangira thovu.

Chikwama chanyumba chopangidwa ndi nsalu

Maluso apadera. Titafutukula chikwama, tinapeza nyumba yomwe inali mundege imodzi. Kuti mupange chozizwitsa chotere, muyenera:

• zidutswa zingapo za nsalu ya HB kapena kumverera, 50x40 masentimita kukula kwake;
• nsalu zazing'ono zing'onozing'ono;
• mabatani, ulusi, maliboni;
• pensulo, pepala;
• lumo, singano, makina osokera.

Ganizirani za kalasi yayikulu mwatsatanetsatane:

1. Choyamba, jambulani sewero papepala, dulani machitidwe.
2. Timalumikiza nsalu kuma templates ndipo timasinthira autilainiyo kwa iyo.
3. Pazidutswa zazikulu za nsalu, dulani chitseko ndi mawindo motsatana, i.e. osapitilira kubowo lotsatira, ndikukhazikitsa chigamba pazomwe zilipo.
4. Tikamaliza zinthu zonse zakunja, timapita mkati. Apa titha kuyika zipinda zinayi (njira yabwino). Iyi ndi bafa, khitchini, chipinda chogona, holo.
5. Pachipinda chilichonse, timasoka nsalu, kutsanzira zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, m'chipinda chogona, mutha kuyika zovala zokhala ndi zitseko zotseguka, bedi momwe mungayikepo chidole chaching'ono. Bafa muli beseni losambira ndi galasi ndi shawa.
6. Pamapeto pake, timasoka chofufuzira pachikwama, chomwe timachilumikiza mkati mwa nsalu yomwe imatsanzira makoma.

Zosintha zakunja

Chipindacho chimamangidwa, nyumbayo ili pafupi kukonzekera, pali magawo angapo otsala asanaperekedwe kwa mwanayo. Ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa kumaliza kwa mawonekedwe, kupanga kapangidwe kazinthu. Tiyeni tione njira zingapo kapangidwe:

1. Kutsanzira makoma a njerwa, matailosi padenga. Kuti tichite izi, timatenga timitengo ta ayisikilimu ndi mawonekedwe ake m'magawo anayi. Kuchokera pazidutswa zomwe zimazunguliridwa, timayala denga kuyambira mzere wapansi, pang'ono ndi pang'ono kupita mmwamba. Timayika mzere uliwonse motsatizana ndi umodzi wakale. Timaphimba chapamwamba pamadenga otsetsereka ndi timitengo tolimba, mozungulira matailosiwo. Kenako, timapitilira kutsogolo. Timamatira timitengo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timakoma ngati mawonekedwe a njerwa. Gawo lomaliza likhala kujambula padenga ndi pakhoma ndi utoto.
2. Kujambula kosavuta kunyumba. Njira yofala kwambiri komanso yachangu kwambiri. Timapaka pinki padenga, makoma oyera.

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