Uvuni ndi gawo lofunikira komanso lofunikira kwambiri kukhitchini iliyonse. Ovuni amakono ndi mayunitsi apamwamba okhala ndi ntchito zina zambiri - convection, microwaves, grill, odziyeretsa. Mu nkhokwe zawo pali mapulogalamu ambiri omwe amakulolani kusankha njira zabwino zophikira zakudya zina. Posankha chipangizo, osati ntchito ya gastronomic ya eni yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunikira, komanso kukula kwa uvuni wokhazikika.
Mitundu yamauvuni
Zida zonse zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akulu - malinga ndi njira yoyang'anira. Mavuni atha kukhala:
- kudalira - kumagwira ntchito mu mgwirizano ndi malo omwe maulamulirowo amapezeka;
- odziyimira pawokha - amagwira ntchito kunja. Zipangizo zoterezi zimatha kupezeka paliponse kukhitchini, chifukwa gulu loyang'anira lili kutsogolo.
Mavuni amagawidwanso ndi gwero la kutentha:
- mpweya;
- zamagetsi.
Iliyonse mwanjira izi ili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa zake, zomwe zitha kukhala zofunikira posankha zida zakhitchini.
Gasi kapena magetsi - zabwino ndi zovuta
Ovuni yamagesi imatenthedwa ndi chowotchera chomwe chili pansi pa chipinda. Njirayi siyingathe kutenthetsa yunifolomu. Zimakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa kutumphuka kwa golide wofiirira mu uvuni ngatiwu. Nthawi zambiri, malo owotchera amapezeka mosakanikirana ndi pamwamba osaphika. Komabe, kuyambitsidwa kwa zida zowonjezera - monga grill kumtunda kwa chipinda kapena fani yomwe imakulitsa kufanana kwa kugawa kwa mpweya wotentha - kuthana ndi vutoli.
M'magulu amagetsi, pali zinthu zingapo zotenthetsera - osachepera 2 - kumtunda ndi kutsika, zomwe zimatha kugwira ntchito mu "lamulo" komanso modzilamulira.
Ubwino wake ndi uvuni wamagesi ndi chiyani?
- Zimakupatsani mwayi wosunga mphamvu ndi ndalama kwa eni ake - gasi ndi wotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa magetsi.
- Imagwira bwino ntchito zoyambira - imatha kuphika, kuphika, mwachangu, youma - pamaso pa convection. Komabe, kuphika munthawi yomweyo m'magawo angapo sikupezeka kwa iye.
- Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi mtengo wotsika.
- Amapereka chitetezo - ndi ntchito yoyang'anira gasi. Kutulutsa kulikonse kwamafuta kumadziwika pomwepo ndikutchingira.
- Nthawi zonse mukakutumikirani - chakudya chamadzulo chidzakhala chokonzeka ngakhale magetsi atazima.
- Kuyamba kosavuta chifukwa choyatsira.
Ubwino wa uvuni wamagetsi
- Kutentha kofananira kwa chipinda chifukwa chakupezeka kwa magwero angapo a kutentha mu kapangidwe kake.
- Njira zambiri zodziwikiratu ndi zina zowonjezera ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa mafani ophika.
- Kutha kukhazikitsa molondola kutentha, mawonekedwe ndi nthawi yophika.
- Chitetezo - poyerekeza ndi ofanana ndi mpweya.
- Ntchito yodziyeretsera - pyrolytic kapena othandizira. Poyamba, kuyeretsa kumachitika ndikuwotcha kaboni pamitengo ya 500. Njira yachiwiri imakupatsani mwayi woyeretsa nduna mukamaphika. Zida zapadera zimathandizira kuwononga mafuta kukhala kaboni dayokisaidi ndi madzi.
Ndi zabwino zake zonse, uvuni wamagetsi ulinso ndi zovuta, kuphatikiza:
- kufunika kofanizira mulingo wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa chipangizocho ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi;
- kukwera mtengo kwamagetsi;
- kukwera mtengo kwa zida.
Momwe mungasankhire uvuni
Kusankha uvuni watsopano kuyenera kuyandikira ndiudindo waukulu. Chitonthozo komanso mwayi wokhala ndi alendo mukamazigwiritsa ntchito, mtundu wa mbale ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimadalira izi. Mukamagula, muyenera kuganizira kukula kwa khitchini, kuthekera kolumikizana ndi ma netiweki.
Pogula, ndikofunikira kuganizira mfundo zotsatirazi:
- posintha uvuni, miyeso yazida zakale ndi zatsopano ziyenera kukhala zofanana. Chifukwa cha izi, simuyenera kusintha mipando kapena kuyisintha kuti ikhale yatsopano;
- chiwerengero cha mamembala - uvuni woyenera sangakhale wokwanira kuphika chakudya chochuluka nthawi yomweyo. Ngati banjali ndilokulirapo, ndibwino kuti muzikonda zipinda zokhala ndi kutalika kwakutali - mumauvuni otere, mutha kuyika mapepala ambiri ophikira, motero kusunga nthawi yophika;
- kukula kwa khitchini - kudzakhala kovuta kuyika uvuni wotakasuka m'chipinda chaching'ono, chifukwa "chidya" malo osowa kale. Chida chaching'ono ndichabwino kukhitchini yaying'ono;
- kapangidwe ka malonda akuyenera kufanana ndi mtundu wosankhidwa ndi mtundu wa mitundu;
- ntchito zowonjezerapo - uvuni wama microwave womangidwa, chowotchera kawiri, grill, alumali yazitsulo zotenthetsera - kupezeka kwawo kumawonjezera mtengo wazida, koma kumathandizira pazakudya, kumapangitsa kuphika kukhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta momwe zingathere;
- owonjezera owonjezera - ngati palibe poti muziika mapani ndi miphika, mutha kusankha mtundu womwe malo osungira adzakwanira;
- ntchito yodziyeretsa - ipulumutsa nthawi yochuluka, khama komanso ndalama zogulira mankhwala apanyumba;
- Malangizo achi Russia, omwe apangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa zoikidwiratu;
- zida zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yophika ikhale yosavuta - chiwonetsero, chowerengera nthawi, wotchi;
- njira yotsekera mabatani, zitseko - kuonetsetsa kuti moyo wa ana ndi chitetezo cha ana.
Mulingo woyenera wamauvuni amagetsi
Chimodzi mwamagawo akulu posankha zida ndi kukula kwa uvuni. Chogwiritsira ntchitocho chiyenera kukwana bwino kukhitchini. Opanga amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana.
Ngati uvuni imagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, ndikofunikira kuti musankhe pang'ono, yaying'ono. Komabe, kumbukirani - magwiridwe antchito a chitofu chaching'ono nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa. Ngati zina zowonjezera ndizofunikira kwa inu, ndibwino kugula broiler yokhala ndi miyeso yofananira.
Kutalika
Ma uvuni wamba amakhala otalika masentimita 60. Ili ndi gawo lovomerezeka lomwe opanga onse azinthu izi amatsatira. Pali zosankha zingapo pamiyeso yayikulu pamsika. Pankhaniyi, sikungakhale kovuta kusankha chida chilichonse choyenera, kuti musinthe zida zakale mwachangu. Ovini otere amakhala omangidwa mosavuta mukakhala ma khitchini, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuyitanitsa mipando yamtengo wapatali yamiyeso yopanda malire.
Kuzama
Kutentha kwa uvuni kwa masentimita 60 kumawerengedwa kuti ndikoyenera. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi malo ogwirira ntchito, omwe amakhalanso masentimita 60. Malo otere amakulolani kuyika zinthu zofunikira kuphika, zida zazing'ono zapanyumba, ndikupatsanso malo okwanira makabati apamwamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mahedifoni oyenera amapereka malo ogwiritsira ntchito m'lifupi mwake.
Kuzama kwa uvuni uku kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito pepala lalikulu lophika, lomwe limathandizira kwambiri kuphika. Ovuni wokhala ndi magawo otere amaphatikizidwa mchipinda chomwe chimakhala pansi pa hob, ndikukhala kabati yayitali kapena khitchini.
Pankhani ya malo ochepa, mungasankhe mitundu yokhala ndi masentimita 50-55. Kwa khitchini zing'onozing'ono, zosankha zazing'ono ndi masentimita 45 ndizabwino.
Kutalika
Kutalika kofala kwambiri kwamauvuni amagetsi ndi masentimita 60. Gawo la zida za mkango limapangidwa ndimagawo oterewa. Komabe, palibe chomwe chimakulepheretsani kusankha uvuni wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 70 kapena 90 cm wokhala ndi chipinda chimodzi chachikulu kapena ziwiri zophatikizira. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito mitundu iyi m'makhitchini okhala ndi 9 sq. M. Ngati chipinda chilibe magawo ofanana, muyenera kusankha zida zing'onozing'ono.
Kukula kwamphamvu kwamauvuni amafuta
Pakugula uvuni wamafuta, zimawonekeratu kuti amabwera mosiyanasiyana. Zithunzi zokhala ndi masentimita 50-55 masentimita ndi mulifupi masentimita 60 zimawerengedwa kuti ndizofanana.
Kutalika
Malinga ndi miyezo yovomerezeka, m'lifupi mwake uvuni woyenera uyenera kukhala masentimita 60. Mukayika chipangizocho mu kabati yayikulu pang'ono, vuto lokhalo likhala kuphwanya zokongoletsa ndikupanga ma voids. Ngati danga laulere ndilocheperako, izi zipangitsa kuti kuyika zida zovomerezeka sikutheka. Poterepa, mutha kugula njira ina - yopapatiza. Izi ndizomwe opanga amapanga mitundu yazitali za 40, 45 masentimita. Komabe, ndizovuta kupeza njira yotere - monga lamulo, imodzi kapena mitundu iwiri ya katundu wagululi ilipo m'sitolo kapena kulibiretu. Njirayi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yolumikizira mipando yaying'ono yazakhitchini yopangidwira malo ochepa.
Kuzama
Chizindikiro chokhazikika cha uvuni wamafuta ndi masentimita 60. Nthawi zambiri, gawo ili ndi masentimita 55. Kukula uku kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kotheka - amasankhidwa mosamala ndi opanga kutengera zotsatira za maphunziro ndi zoyeserera zingapo. Ndikukula kwa uvuni kumene kumafunikira kuphika kwapamwamba kwambiri mkati ndi kunja kwa chakudya. Chifukwa chake, opanga samachoka pamtunduwu kawirikawiri. Pali zinthu zomwe zikugulitsidwa ndi kuya kwakuya kwa masentimita 45, koma sizofunikira kwenikweni chifukwa chazovuta zake.
Kutalika
Kutalika kwa uvuni woyenera wamagesi ndi masentimita 60. Pankhani ya kupezeka kwa ntchito zowonjezera, gawo ili limatha kukulirakulira, chifukwa ndizosatheka kulisunga. Opanga amayesetsa kukwaniritsa zosowa zonse za makasitomala, chifukwa chake amapereka mitundu yosafunikira, kukula kwake komwe kungakwaniritse zopempha zilizonse.
Makulidwe a uvuni waukulu
Kwa banja lalikulu, mtunduwo sungakhale wokwanira. Makamaka ngati nyumbayo imakhala yosangalala nthawi zonse kulandira achibale apafupi komanso akutali, abwenzi komanso anzawo. Zikatero, uvuni wokulitsa umathandizira. Ikuthandizani kuti muyike bwino ndikukonzekera chakudya chochuluka kamodzi kapena mbale zingapo nthawi imodzi.
Ovuni yayikulu imaphatikizapo mitundu yokhala ndi masentimita pafupifupi 90. Amakhala ndi kutalika ndi kuzama kofanana, koma chipinda chawo chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri kuposa pafupifupi. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zotere kumatha kukhala kuchokera ku malita 80, ngakhale nthawi zambiri kumasiyana pa 110 mpaka 120 malita. Mu uvuni wotere, mutha kuphika mbalame yayikulu kapena nsomba - mwachitsanzo, piki, kuphika ma cookie onse kapena magawo angapo a keke nthawi imodzi.
Njira ina ya uvuni waukulu ndi zida zomwe zimawonjezeka ndikukulitsa kutalika. Zoterezi zitha kukhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 72. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zimatha kuwirikiza. Chiwerengero chonse cha zipinda ziwiri zophatikizika chimaposa malita 200.
Makulidwe ang'onoang'ono a uvuni
Zipangizo zamagetsi kukhitchini yathu siziyenera kukhala zapamwamba zokha komanso zapamwamba, komanso zosavuta komanso zothandiza. Chifukwa cha zida zapamwamba kwambiri, chakudya chomalizidwa chidzakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino ndikupindulitsa thupi lathu. Kuchita bwino kudzachepetsa kuwongolera zida, kuonetsetsa kuti ergonomics ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Musati mulowetse chipinda chochepa chokhala ndi zinthu zazikulu. Ndikofunikira kuzikwanira bwino mkatikati, kuwonetsetsa kuti njira yophika sikuti "idye" malowa ndipo sikukupangitsani kugundana nawo nthawi iliyonse yomwe mumadutsa. Chifukwa chake, ma uvuni ophatikizika amakhala abwino m'malo ang'onoang'ono. Zipinda zotere zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa - pafupifupi malita 40. Simuyenera kuwadalira mukafunika kuphika chakudya chochuluka, koma azitha kuthana ndi zopempha za banja laling'ono.
Monga lamulo, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zophatikizika kumachepetsedwa pochepetsa kutalika - amachepetsedwa mpaka masentimita 45. M'lifupi ndi kuya kwake kumakhala kofanana - 60x55 cm.
Njira ina, yomwe ndi yofala kwambiri, ndi mitundu yopapatiza. Kutalika kwawo kumachepa mpaka masentimita 45, pomwe magawo azitali ndi kuzama kwawo sanasinthe - 60 ndi 55 cm.
Ovuni yamitundu yosafanana
Makhitchini onse ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kuganizira mfundo iyi pogula uvuni. Makulidwe azida zapanyumba atha kupatuka pamiyeso yonse kutsika mpaka kumtunda. Eni ake a nyumba za Khrushchev okhala ndi timatumba tating'onoting'ono atha kusankha njira zochepa. M'makhitchini otakasuka, komanso nyumba zomwe anthu ambiri amakhala, ndibwino kuti musankhe ma uvuni wokulirapo.
Zitsanzo zina zimakhala ndi ntchito yama microwave. Chifukwa cha njirayi, mutha kukana kugula chida chosiyana ndikuphatikiza zinthu ziwirizi kukhala chimodzi. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse malo komanso ngati mikate yopanga tokha si alendo ambiri patebulo panu, ndiye kuti njirayi ndiyofunika kuiganizira.
Njira ina yosakhala yofananira ndi mitundu yokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 90. Amakhala ndi zipinda ziwiri zophikira. Chipinda chachikulu ndichachikulu. Pamwambapa imagwira ntchito yothandizira, kukulolani kuti muzifulumizitsa kuphika ngati kuli kofunikira. Ili ndi njira zochepa zokha zomwe zimasankhidwa ndipo zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana poyerekeza ndi "mnansi" wathunthu kuchokera pansi.
Oven ndi kutalika kosafunikira. Tiyeni tiwunikire magulu akulu akulu:
- zipangizo zokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 35-45. Mphamvu za makabati amenewa siziposa malita 50. Mugawo ili, pali mitundu yowonjezeredwa ndi ma microwave. Izi zimaphatikizaponso zosankha zama desktop;
- mankhwala apamwamba - osachepera masentimita 60. Magawo oterewa amapezeka muzipangizo zamakono. Zina mwazinthuzi ndizopangira komanso zida zoyimirira.
Zamgululi ndi m'lifupi sanali muyezo
- Yopapatiza - m'lifupi mwake sinafikira 50 cm, imatha kubisika mosavuta mukabati yaying'ono. Pakazama komanso kutalika kwake, amakhala ndi voliyumu yayikulu kwambiri, komabe, palinso zida zing'onozing'ono zokhala ndi voliyumu yaying'ono yosagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
- Lonse - m'lifupi mwake masentimita 90. Miyeso yonseyo imakhala yofananira. Mphamvu ukuwonjezeka kwa malita 110.
Makulidwe uvuni ndi hob
Maovuni ophatikizidwa ndi hob amadziwika kuti ndi zida zaulere. Amamangidwa munjira yopangidwa ndi zinthu za kukhitchini.
Kutalika kwa uvuni wokwanira ndi masentimita 85. Kutalika kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti chovalacho chikhale bwino ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapazi osinthika. Kutalika kwa zinthuzo kumakhala masentimita 50-90. Mitundu yochulukirapo imakwanira mkatikati kakhitchini kakang'ono. M'zipinda zazikulu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito anzawo otakata. Kuzama kwa makabati otere nthawi zambiri kumakhala masentimita 60, koma kumatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa 50-60.
Zogulitsa zazikulu zimakhala ndi kukula kwa 50x50, 50x60, 60x60 cm.
M'makhitchini ang'onoang'ono, ndibwino kugula gasi, magetsi, masitovu ophatikizika. Zipinda zazikuluzikulu zikhala ndi zida zomangidwa bwino.
Makulidwe a niche ndi kabati yamauvuni omangidwa
Kuti muyankhe funso lokhudza kukula kwa zipilala zamavuni omangidwa, muyenera kuwunikira mitundu yayikulu yopanga bokosi:
- Pamwamba pa patebulo pazikhala paziyeso zofananira - kuya kwake kuyenera kukhala masentimita 60. Bokosilo limapangidwa ndi kuya kwa 460 mpaka 520 mm;
- ngati polojekitiyi ipereka chilinganizo cha nyumba, iyenera kusamutsidwa 10mm pansi. Kawirikawiri chimbudzi chimamangidwa pamwamba pa uvuni, momwe kuya kwake kumatha kusiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, imatha kutuluka pansi pa tebulo ndipo izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa;
- kutsegula osachepera 568 mm kumafunika kukhazikitsa uvuni. Chifukwa chake, bokosilo liyenera kukhala lalikulu masentimita 60;
- Kutalika kofunikira pomanga ma uvuni ambiri ndi masentimita 60. Kutsegula kotalika kwa 595 mm ndikololedwa.
Gawo lamakhoma kuseri kwa kabati siliyenera kukhala ndi zitsulo, mapaipi ndi zida zina zofananira.
Momwe mungakhalire
Mukakhazikitsa uvuni, muyenera kutsatira izi:
- chipangizocho chimayikidwa pamtunda wokhazikika, momwe mpweya umaperekera kutentha;
- mipata yaying'ono iyenera kusiyidwa pakati pa uvuni ndi thupi kuti mayendedwe amlengalenga azingoyenda kwaulere. Mpata wapansi pansi uyenera kukhala masentimita 8-10.Utali wa 0,5-1 masentimita uyenera kutsalira kumakoma ammbali.Udindo kumbuyo uyenera kukhala masentimita 4-5;
- kutalika kwa uvuni kuyenera kusankhidwa m'njira yolepheretsa kuthekera kowotcha nkhope ndi nthunzi yotentha. Gulu lolamulira liyenera kukhala osati pansi pa chiuno cha munthu osati pamwamba pa maso ake;
- uvuni wamagesi uyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mapaipi, kusiya mwayi wopezera mpweya, uvuni wamagetsi uyenera kukhala pafupi ndi magetsi kuti musagwiritse ntchito zingwe zokulitsira.
Chofunikira chachikulu pakukhazikitsa ndikutsatira malangizo ndi malamulo achitetezo.
Njira zopangira
- Maphunziro. Ndikofunika kuyang'ana kulumikizana kwa mulingo wokana, kupezeka kwa mawaya apamwamba kwambiri omwe ali ndi gawo lokwanira kupereka mphamvu yolengezedwayo, waya wapansi, wopatula dera lina.
- Kugwirizana kwa waya ndi malo omangira.
- Kuyika uvuni m'chipinda chokonzekera cha chomverera m'mutu.
- Kukonzekera chipangizocho ndi zomangira zomangirira.
- Kusamba kwa mkati ndi kuwerengera mankhwalawa kutentha kwa madigiri 150-200.
Zambiri zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuthandizani kuti musalakwitse posankha uvuni kukhitchini yanu.
