Zinsalu ... ndizosiyana kwambiri. Kapangidwe kabwino ka makatani a holoyo ndikupanga chipinda chapadera, chosasangalatsa chomwe chimadzaza nyumbayo ndi chisangalalo komanso chitonthozo, malo ampumulo komanso ochereza abwenzi. Ili ndi bizinesi yayikulu, yodalirika yomwe imafunikira kusinkhasinkha njira zosiyanasiyana, kusankha mayankho, kalembedwe, zomanga, chimanga. Kodi mungasankhe bwanji makatani? Momwe mungaphatikizire zokongoletsa pazenera ndi zamkati? Momwe mungaphatikizire kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe antchito?
Kwa windows ndi zina zambiri
Zikafika pamakatani, zokongoletsa pazenera zimangotuluka. Kapangidwe ka nsalu zotchingira mkati ziyenera kumveka bwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yokongoletsa, makatani amateteza kuzizira, ma drafti, kuwala kwa dzuwa, kumachepetsa chipinda, ndikubisala kuti asayang'ane.
Pakapangidwe ka makatani, mayendedwe angapo ogwira ntchito, olumikizana adasiyanitsidwa:
- Zokongoletsa pazenera - makatani opepuka, makatani olemera, ma lambrequins;
- Malo osanja;
- Kulembetsa zitseko, magulu olowera;
- Kukhazikitsa ndi kukongoletsa malo - mabatani ogona, mabatani;
- Kukongoletsa kwamawindo abodza, zokutira pakhoma m'maholo ndi zipinda zogona.
Iliyonse mwa maderawa ili ndi mawonekedwe ake, koma pali zoyambira zakapangidwe ka nsalu, zomwe tidzakambirana motsatizana.
Kusankha nsalu
Makatani oyambilira amatha kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Opanga amakono amatha kusinthitsa ulusi, mikanda, matabwa, pulasitiki, zingwe, kanema, nsungwi ndi zikopa pazolinga izi. Komabe, zinthu zofunika kupangira makatani ndi nsalu. Kufewa kwawo, voliyumu yawo, mawonekedwe ake osiyanasiyana, mitundu yake ndizofunikira pakukongoletsa kwamkati. Nsalu zimakhala ndi katundu wodabwitsa kuti zibweretse chipinda m'chipindacho. Ngakhale nsalu yosavuta idzawonjezera umunthu ndikusintha kwakunja.
Kodi mukufuna kuti chipindacho chikhale chosangalatsa, chokongoletsa koma ndalama ndizochepa? Tengani nthawi yanu posankha mipando, chandeliers ndi zinthu zina zamkati zamtengo wapatali. Sokani makatani abwino malinga ndi kalembedwe kanu, ndipo ikani pansi choyenera. Chipindacho "chidzavomereza" kalembedwe kamene mungasankhe, mutha kusangalala ndi kukongola komanso kutonthoza ngakhale opanda mipando.
Zachilengedwe kapena zopanga?
Nsalu yachilengedwe kwambiri, ndiyabwino. Izi sizongokhala za mafashoni, zinthu zachilengedwe ndizosiyana ndi moyo. Ngati tifanizira zomvekera mchipinda ndi nsalu zachilengedwe komanso zopangira, mwachitsanzo, m'chipinda chogona, ndiye zipinda ziwiri. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa kupanga ndi chilengedwe kumamvekera makamaka muzipinda zazing'ono.
Nsalu zachilengedwe zimapereka kutsitsimuka, kupepuka mkati, sizimasangalatsa. Iwo "amapuma". Nsalu zopangira ndizosavuta kuzisamalira ndipo sizimakwinya.
Posankha pakati pa nsalu zachilengedwe, thonje, polyester yopanga, mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Zovala zachilengedwe zimakhala zodula, ndipo zinthu zambiri zimafunika makatani okongola. Kwa windows, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangira ndizovomerezeka. Koma ndi bwino kukana denga lopangira bedi.
Mtundu ndi mphamvu yake mkati
Makatani okongola, otsogola "amafunikira" zokutira zazikulu, kutalika, m'lifupi, motero amakhala ndi malo apakatikati. Pamwamba pa nsalu zotchinga nthawi zina zimadutsa pamakoma otseguka, ndipo utoto wamakataniwo umakhala waukulu.
Ndikofunika kusankha mtundu wa makatani potengera mtundu wa chipinda. Phale lautoto limasankhidwa kuphatikiza mtundu wa denga, pansi, makoma, mipando. Kusankha kwamtundu kumakhudzidwa ndi kuwunikira kwa chipinda masana ndi madzulo, malo azenera omwe ali pafupi ndi makadinala - kumwera, kumpoto, kumadzulo, kum'mawa.
Kwa zipinda zamdima, zowala pang'ono, sankhani makatani opepuka.
Mawindo akumpoto amakongoletsedwa ndi makatani ofunda, mithunzi yofewa - beige, bulauni wonyezimira, mchenga. Mawindo akumwera "amavomereza" buluu, miyala yamtengo wapatali, wobiriwira bwino, osasokoneza kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Mtundu wa makatani utha kusankhidwa mosiyana ndi utoto wamakomawo, kutsimikizira kusiyanasiyana kwa zokongoletsera ndipo, motsatana, kuti zigwirizane ndi makomawo, kuyeza, kusalaza kusintha pakati pazenera ndi makoma.
Mkati mwake mumayanjana mogwirizana mitundu ya nsalu zotchinga, nsalu zokutira za mipando yolumikizidwa mu holo kapena zofunda pabedi m'chipinda chogona.
Maluwa, mikwingwirima, khola?
Chosankha chopambana pamakatani ndichachidziwikire. Makatani amtundu umodzi amayenera chipinda chilichonse, koma kujambula kowala, kusindikiza kosangalatsa pachinsalu, mwachitsanzo, wakhungu wachiroma, kumabweretsa zest, dynamism ndi chic mkati.
Zosindikiza zamaluwa ndizoyenera mkatikati mwa "akazi", zipinda zodyeramo azimayi, zipinda zogona atsikana kapena zamkati mwanjira ya "Provence". Maluwa akulu owala amawonjezera kukongola ndikusunthira mchipinda. Mitengo yaying'ono yamaluwa imapuma komanso kukhazikika.
Mikwingwirima yamkati mwa "chachimuna" ndi khola ndizoyenera. Mothandizidwa ndi mikwingwirima yowongoka, mutha kuwonetsa kutalika kwa chipinda. Mikwingwirima yopingasa "idzakulitsa" kutsegula kwa zenera, kuchepetsa kutalika kwake. Khola la nsalu zotchinga limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zingwe zazing'ono. Khola lomwe lili ndi diagonally lipatsa chipindacho mayimbidwe ndi mphamvu.
Kuphatikiza kwa mikwingwirima, mitundu, makola okhala ndi monochromatic kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga nyimbo zosangalatsa.
Mukufuna nsalu zingati?
Nsalu zambiri zimafunikira pazenera zokongola. Zambiri. Zambiri. Cholakwika chachikulu pakupanga makatani sichikhala mtundu kapena mawonekedwe a nsalu - koma poyesera kusunga nsalu. Makatani okwera mtengo akhoza kuwonongeka mosavuta ndi "kuchepa" kwawo ndi "kuchepa". Kuchokera ku nsalu yotsika mtengo, yosavuta kwambiri, mutha kupanga zaluso zenizeni osachita nsalu.
Kutalika kwa chimanga kuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nsalu muwiri, kawiri ndi theka makatani akale komanso olemera, i.e. kwa chimanga cha mamita awiri m'lifupi, mufunika nsalu 4-5 mita ndi kutalika kwakutali. Kwa makatani osalala opanda mawonekedwe a volumetric mwachitsanzo chathu, m'lifupi mudzawonjezeka mpaka mamita asanu ndi limodzi, i.e. katatu kukula kwa chimanga. Pokhapokha ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito nsalu momwe mungathere bwino.
Kutalika kwa nsalu yotchinga kwambiri kuyenera kukhala kwakuti nsalu za 11-12 cm zikhale pansi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuzindikira - nsalu zazitali zowonekera zimawonjezera kutalika kwa denga, - ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida - mukamasonkhanitsa makatani ndi chodula, kutalika kwake kumachepa kwambiri.
Makatani achiroma, khungu lodzigudubuza, khungu laku Japan ndilachuma pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito nsalu. Zapangidwe zawo zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kuchita ndi kansalu kakang'ono, kofananira ndi kukula kwazenera kapena galasi limodzi.
Mitundu ya makatani ndi kachulukidwe
- nsalu yotchinga yopepuka;
- chintz ndi nsalu zotchinga;
- zolemera zolemera makatani;
- alimbane nsalu;
- makatani okhala ndi cholowetsera.
Kuchuluka kwa nsalu yotchinga kumatsimikizira kutentha ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa. Kupatsa chipinda kumverera kowala, kutseguka, makatani opepuka opangidwa ndi nayiloni, thonje kapena nsalu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Makatani oterewa adakutidwa modabwitsa mkati mwazakale, mkati mwa kalembedwe ka "Provence", akumidzi, m'malo mwake, amagwiritsa ntchito njira zazifupi, zowongoka "zotambasulidwa".
Chintz zowala kapena nsalu zotchinga zimaphimba chipinda pang'ono ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, koma zimasunganso kuwala konseko. Makatani oterewa adzakhala oyenera ku nazale, kukhitchini, mnyumbamo ndi khonde, mkatikati mwa mafashoni amtundu kapena akumidzi.
Makatani olimba kwambiri amapangidwa ndi ma velvet, ma tapestry, ma nsalu a jacquard ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo okongola, amkati mwa maholo, muzipinda zofunda, zotentha. Pazipinda zogona ndi mawindo omwe akuyang'ana chakumwera, mafakitale amakono opanga nsalu yotchinga mdima, nsalu yokhala ndi kuwala kowala komanso zokutira dzuwa mbali yosanjikiza.
Makatani osiyanasiyana olemera ndi makatani okutira, imathandizira kukongoletsa komanso magwiridwe antchito a nsaluyo ndikuteteza kumunsi kwa nsalu zotchipa kuti zisazimire, kumathandizira kutsika, kulemetsa nsaluyo, kumapangitsa kulimba, kumathandizira kuteteza kutentha.
Chovalacho chimapangidwa ndi thonje kapena nsalu zopangira utoto ndi nsalu yayikulu kapena mosiyana, ngati zokongoletsa. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza kobiriwira, maolivi taffeta okhala ndi mkaka woyera nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukamasonkhana, ndikulimba, mzerewo umawonekera, umayika nsalu yayikuluyo, umatsindika kuwala kwake, kuzama kwake.
Makatani okhala ndi cholowetsa sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa cha chuma cha zinthu. Awa ndi makatani ogwira ntchito kwambiri. Mkati, pakati pa chinsalu chachikulu ndi cholumikizira, cholumikizira chama volumetric (chopangidwa ndi padding polyester) kapena chotchingira (chopangidwa ndi kumenya kapena nsalu ina iliyonse yotentha) chasokedwa. Makatani okhala ndi cholowera amakongoletsa bwino kwambiri, tetezani chipinda bwino kuzizira, ma drafting kuchokera m'mawindo ndi zitseko.
Zowonjezera kumaliza
Maonekedwe omalizidwa, mgwirizano, kumveka kwa mizere ya makataniwo amaperekedwa ndi kukongoletsa kwina ndi magwiridwe antchito:
- mphonje, kuluka;
- mikwingwirima yosiyanitsa;
- ngowe, zingwe zokongoletsera, maburashi;
- kugwiritsa ntchito matepi otchinga, zolemera;
- zinthu zokongoletsera - lambrequins, swagas, ma frill, maluwa, mauta nsalu.
Pofuna kufotokoza momveka bwino, kumveka kwa m'mphepete mwa nsalu, mbali zotsika za lambrequins zimadulidwa ndi mphonje, kuluka, mikwingwirima yosiyana ya nsalu zomwezo. Mphete yakuda kapena yoluka, yakuda kuposa utoto waukulu wa nsalu yotchinga, imapangitsa m'mbali yakunja kukhala yolemetsa, kuti imveke bwino. Mphete yopepuka, kutsindika mzere wa nsalu yotchinga, ipangitsa kuti ikhale yopepuka komanso yokongola.
Pamsonkhano wokongoletsera pakati kapena pang'ono pansipa, ndowe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zitha kupangidwa ndi nsalu yomweyo kapena zosiyana. Pazosankha zapamwamba zapamwamba, maburashi okhala ndi zingwe zopota zokongoletsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pakuwala, makatani amlengalenga, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zopangidwa ndi maginito zokonzeka.
Ndikosavuta kuthana ndi m'mphepete mwake ndi tepi yapadera yotchinga yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mothandizidwa ndi tepi yotchinga ndikosavuta kupanga zokongola zokongola ngati mawonekedwe apabokosi, kudzitukumula pamwamba pazenera. Tepi amapereka chinthu chimodzimodzi kwa chinsalu, kuteteza kuti sagging.
Pogwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsera zokongola pansi pazomata, zingwe zolemetsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena pansi pake amapindidwa motalikirapo kuposa masiku onse. Pansi pa kulemera kwa volumetric pansi, mapangidwe amapangidwe amakwanira ndendende, osapangika.
Ma Lambrequins amakhalabe otchuka kwambiri, mitundu yawo yokhala ndi swagas, frill, chill mold. Ma Lambrequins amatha kukhala ofewa, opepuka, olimba, owongoka. Amakulolani kuti mupange mzere wapamwamba pazenera, kuphatikiza makatani ndi kukongola, ndikukhazikitsa mawonekedwe amkati.
Musagwiritse ntchito ma lambrequins pazitsulo zochepa. Ngakhale kachingwe kakang'ono ka lambrequin kowoneka kamachepetsa kutalika kwa denga, "kumakopa" mkati.
Mitundu ya chimanga, njira zolowera
Chinsalu chokongola ndi nsalu yotchinga bwino. Sikokwanira kusankha nsalu yoyenera ndikusoka nsalu yotchinga kwambiri, imayenera kupachikidwa bwino. Chida chopachika, cholumikizira makatani chimatchedwa chimanga.
Mitundu ya chimanga:
- Ndodo chimanga;
- Ndodo zokhala ndi bala yowonjezera, imodzi kapena zingapo;
- Ndi bolodi la chimanga;
- Kudenga chimanga;
- Ndi mayendedwe akusuntha.
Posankha chimanga, chinthu chachikulu ndimphamvu zake. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, makatani amasintha, pafupifupi, kamodzi pazaka 10 zilizonse, ndodo zotchinga zimasinthidwa ngakhale kangapo. Cornice, yolimba, koma yosayenera mawonekedwe amkati, imatha kukongoletsedwa, kutsekedwa ndi lambrequin, kapangidwe kokongoletsera.
Momwe makatani amamangiriridwa zimadalira chimanga. Makatani okhala ndi ma eyelet ndi malupu okongoletsera amawoneka okongola pamiyala yazitsulo.
Ndodo zotchingira ndodo ndi zingwe zina zimakupatsani mwayi wolumikizira nsalu zamitundumitundu kuchokera m'mitundu yambiri ya nsalu.
Ma Cornices okhala ndi board ya cornice ndiosavuta kulumikiza makatani ndi ma lambrequins. Amakulolani kuti mukonze zolimba zazitali zingapo, kubisa makina osunthira.
Zipinda zadenga ndizofunikira kwambiri m'zipinda zokhala ndi zotchipa zochepa. Makatani okutira padenga amalola kuti muwonjezere kutalika kwake, kuchuluka kwa chipinda chonse.
Zingwe zotchinga ndi mayendedwe osunthika, zolimba, zotchinga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakatani apamwamba achi Japan. Amakulolani kuti musunthire zolumikizira zotambasulidwa osapunduka.
Ndi ma cornices ati omwe mungasankhe - chitsulo, pulasitiki kapena matabwa? Zitsulo zazitsulo ndizolimba kwambiri komanso zolimba, zamatabwa ndizachilengedwe, pulasitiki ndi zotsika mtengo. Kusankha kwa ndodo yotchinga kumadalira kuchuluka kwa nsalu yotchinga yomwe ikufunika komanso kapangidwe kamkati.
Mothandizidwa ndi chimanga chosankhidwa bwino, ndizotheka kusintha mawonekedwe azenera:
- chimanga chachitali chimalola kukulitsa zenera, mita ndi theka kutalika kuposa kufalikira kwazenera, makatani olemera amatha kulowa pakhomalo.
- mutha kukulitsa kutalika kwazenera pokonza chimanga momwe zingathere, ngati kuli kotheka, konzani chimanga, zotsatira zake zidzalimbikitsidwa ndi makatani ataliatali atagona pansi.
- zenera lalitali limatha "kudula" ndi chimanga ndi lambrequin.
Monga mawindo a arched, koma maofesi ang'onoang'ono osavuta m'nyumba mwanu? Mutha kusintha zenera lamakona osavuta kukhala zenera la arched pogwiritsa ntchito chimanga chokhala ndi lambrequin yolimba ngati mawonekedwe. Momwemonso, mutha kusintha mawonekedwe achitseko.
Mitundu ndi kalembedwe, njira yopangira ndi kulimbitsa
Makatani achikale kuphatikiza ndi makatani owala, tulle;
Kapangidwe kofala kwambiri makatani a holo, chipinda chogona. Kuwala kowala kosalala kumapangitsa kuti mpweya uzikhala wolimba, zotchingira mbali zotchinjiriza zimateteza ku kuwala kowala, kuzizira kuchokera pazenera, kutsegulira zenera, kulilumikiza ndi mkati.
Gulu la makatani akale limaphatikizapo makatani achi France ndi Austrian. Mwa kapangidwe kake, amakhala okweza makatani, misonkhano yabwino imapangidwa pomwe chinsalu chimakwezedwa chifukwa chodulira, kulimbitsa ndi kukweza makina. Amagwiritsa ntchito makatani achi French ndi Austrian mkatikati mwawo mwayokha komanso kuphatikiza makatani achikale ndi ma lambrequins.
Makatani achiroma ndi osavuta komanso ovuta. Pamalo okwezekawo, amapanga mapangidwe ofewa, atatsika, amakhala osalala, ngakhale, ophimba galasi lokha pazenera. Ndikosavuta kupachika makataniwo pafupi ndi galasi lokha monga chowonjezera pamakatani otseguka mnyumbamo. Zapangidwa ndi nsalu zowirira, zimateteza bwino ku cheza cha dzuwa, makamaka nthawi yotentha.
Makina oyendetsa ndi nsalu imodzi yolingana ndi zenera lomwe limakwera ndi makina okwezera. Amatha kubisika kuseli kwa lambrequin kapena kubisala pansi pa chimanga, kutsitsidwa ngati kuli kofunikira. Ngati mkati muloleza, zodzikongoletsera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodziyimira zokha, zowoneka bwino kapena zokongoletsa zowala.
Makatani achi Japan ndi mitundu yosangalatsa yamakatani a holo, mapanelo amakona anayi amalumikizidwa molimba pamwamba ndikupatsidwa cholemera pansi. Makatani achi Japan amayenda chimanga ndi zolimba. Kuchokera pazithunzi zingapo zowoneka bwino, mutha kupanga nyimbo zoyambirira.
Kapangidwe ka makatani akunyumba ndi njira yomwe zokumana nazo za wina zingakhale zothandiza. Musanasankhe makatani, yang'anani zithunzi zamakatani mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yamkati, pitani kumalo ogulitsa nsalu, mufunsane ndi akatswiri ojambula. Masitolo akuluakulu opanga nsalu amapereka ntchito zopanga kwaulere.
Posankha makatani anyumba yanu, onetsetsani kuti mukuganizira njira zowasamalirira. Kaya kusamba pang'ono kapena kuyeretsa kowuma kulandiridwa. Nsalu zambiri zophimba "sizimakonda" kutsuka pafupipafupi, onetsetsani kuti mukuganiza izi ngati pali ana ang'ono ndi nyama mnyumba.
Musaiwale za kusintha kwakanthawi kwamakatani.Sankhani zolimba, zotchinga zolemera m'mbali mwa nyengo yozizira, ndikusoka kuwala, makatani owala nthawi yotentha.
Kupanga makatani ndi luso lonse lomwe limadutsa pamapangidwe amkati. Poganizira za nsalu, zopanga, zokongoletsa, ndizotheka kupanga zaluso zenizeni zomwe zimadzaza nyumbayo ndi kukongola ndi chitonthozo.
